2. Iron and steel industry In India
India has steel producing centres at Bhilai,
Durgapur, Burnpur, Jamshedpur, Rourkela, Bokaro.
These steel producing centres are located in four
states.
W.B, Jharkhand, Orissa and Chhattisgarh.

3. Other important steel producing centres are
Bhadravati and Vijayanagar in Karnataka
Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh
Salem in Tamil Nadu

4. India’s steel production has increased from 1
million tonne in 1947 to 30 million tonnes in 2002.

5. Tata Iron and Steel Company,
Jamshedpur
Established before independence, it was the only
iron and steel company in India b4 1947.
It is privately owned by TATA group.
TISCO was started in 1907 at Sakchi near the
rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai.
The most conveniently situated iron and steel
company in India.

6. Jamshedpur on Google Earth

7. Reasons to choose Sakchi
It is only 32 km away from Kalimati station.
Close to the iron ore, coal and manganese
TISCO gets coal from Jharia coal fields, iron ore,
deposits
limestone dolomite and manganese from Orissa
and Chhattisgarh.
Close to Kolkata, which is a large market.
The two rivers provide adequate water supply.

8. Several other industries have been set up after
TISCO.
They produce
Chemicals
Locomotive parts
Agricultural equipment
Machinery
Tinplate
Cable and wire

9. The development of iron and steel industry boosted
the industrial development in India.
Almost all the sectors of Indian industry depends
on iron and steel industry for their basic
infrastructure.

10. Pittsburgh
Coal is available locally.
Iron ore comes from Minnesota, 1500km from
Pittsburgh
Transportation of ore is via Great Lakes Waterway

11. The Great Lakes Waterway

12. The Great Lakes Waterway is one of the best
routes for shipping iron ore cheaply.
Iron ore is shipped from Minnesota to Pittsburgh
via Great Lakes Waterway and railway.
The Ohio, Monongahela and Allegheny rivers
provide water supply.

13. Cotton Textile Industry
The term ‘textile’ is derived from Latin word te x te re
which means to weave.
Weaving cloth from yarn is an ancient art.

14. The fibres that are used for textile industry can be
Natural fibres are, wool, silk, cotton, linen and jute
Man made fibres include nylon, polyester, acrylic
and rayon

15. Weaving cloth is one of the oldest industries of the
world.
Till the industrial revolution, cotton cloth was made
by hand spinning techniques.
Introduction of power looms boosted the
development of cotton textile industry in England
and later in other parts of the world.

16. Today, India, China, Japan and USA are the
important producers of cotton textiles.
B4 the British rule Indian hand spun cloth had a
wide market.
Muslins of Dhaka, Chintzes of Masulipatnam,
Calicos of Calicut and Gold-wrought cotton pieces
of Burhanpur, Surat and Vadodara.

17. The first successful cotton textile mill was
established in Mumbai in 1854
The warm moist climate
Port for importing & exporting
Availability of raw material and
skilled labour

18. Now, some of the other centres of cotton industry are
Coimbatore Kolkata
Kanpur
Ludhiana
Chennai
Pondichery
Ahmedabad
Mumbai Panipat

19. Ahmedabad
Located in Gujarat on the banks of Sabarmati river
First mill was in 1859
It soon became the second largest textile hub in
India after Mumbai.
It is called the Manchester of India.

20. Located in the heart of a cotton growing area
Raw material is easily available.
Climate is ideal for spinning and weaving.
Land is suitable for establishment of the mills.
Skilled and semi-skilled labour is available cheaply.
Well developed transport system ensures easy
transport of textiles.

21. Decline of mills in Ahmedabad in recent years
About one-third of
Indian textile
production is exported
Due to emergence of new textile centers
Non-upgradation of machinery and technology

22. Osaka, Japan
Known as the Manchester of Japan
Climate is ideal for spinning and weaving
Land is suitable for establishment of the mills
Skilled and semi-skilled labour is available cheaply
Port facility for import and export

23. Cotton is imported from India, Egypt, China and USA
Finished product is exported and has a good market
Now a days, cotton industry of Osaka is being
replaced by other industries like,
Iron and steel, machinery, shipbuilding, automobiles,
electrical equipment and cement

24. Information Technology

25. Information Technology industry deals with the
storage, processing and distribution of information
Is a global industry
Main factors of location of these industries are
Resource availability, cost and
infrastructure

26. Major centres of IT are
Silicon Valley,
California
Bangalore, India

27. Locational advantages of Silicon Valley and
Bangalore
Both are located in mild climate, dust free regions
Bangalore has the largest number of educational
institutions and IT colleges in India

28. Bangalore is dust free with low cost of living
Availability of skilled managers and workforce with
experience
Excellent transport facilities are available

29. Silicon Valley,
California
Close to some of the most advanced technological
and scientific centres of the world
Pleasant climate with clean environment
Located close to major airports

30. Other emerging cities of IT industry in
India are
Mumbai Pune
Chennai Thiruvanantapuram
Hyderabad Kochi
New Delhi Chandigarh
Gurgaon