This pptx show information about microorganisms.

2. A microorganism or microbe is a microscopic organism that
comprises either a single cell (unicellular) or cell clusters.The study
of microorganisms is called microbiology, a subject that began with
Anton van Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microorganisms in
1675, using a microscope of his own design.

3. 1). Protozoa
2).Bacteria
3).Fungi
4).Algae

4. # A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate
only inside the living cells of organisms. Viruses infect
all types of organisms, from animals and plants to
bacteria and archaea .
# viruses are both living and non-living. viruses are
living inside the host and non-living outside the host
body.
# viruses cause diseases like polio,chickenp0x,and etc.

5. # 'Protozoa', a diverse group of unicellular eukaryotic
organisms, many of which are motile. Originally, protozoa
had been defined as unicellular protistswith animal-like
behavior, e.g., movement. Protozoa were regarded as the
partner group of protists to protophyta, which have plant-
like behaviour, e.g., photosynthesis.
# Protozoa causesd diseses like Dysentery and malaria.

6. # Bacteria are microscopic organisms whose single
cells have neither a membrane-enclosed nucleus nor
other membrane-enclosed organelles like
mitochondria and chloroplasts.
# bacteria caused diseases like typhoid,
tuberculosis(tb) and etc.

7. #Fungi is a group of simple plants that have no
chlorophyll. There are some species of fungi that are
single celled organisms, and there are other kinds of
fungi that are multi-cellular organisms.
# fungi caused diseases like
Aspergillosis, Blastomycosis and etc.

8. #Algae are a large and diverse group of
simple, typically autotrophic organisms, ranging from
unicellular to multicellular forms, such as the giant
kelps that grow to 65 meters in length.
# algae caused diseases like Amnesiac shellfish
poisoning , Ciguatera an etc.

9. # Curd contains several microorganisms . of these, the
bacterium , lactobacillus promotes the formation of
curd. It multiplies in milk and converts it into curd.
# Bacteria is also involved in the formation of cheese ,
pickles and many other food items.

10. # microorganisms are used for large scale production of
alcohol ,wine and acentic acid(vinegar). Yeast is used for
commercial production of alcohol and wine .
For this present in grains like barley, wheat, rice, crushed
fruit juices ,etc.
# The conversion of sugar into alcohol is called
fermentation. Fermentation is discovered by Louis Pasteur
in 1857 .

11. # the medicines which kill or stop the growth of the
disease–causing microorganisms are called antibiotics.
# Sir Alexander Fleming invented the first antibiotic
in 1928, called penicillin.

12. # when a disease-carrying microbes enter our body ,
the body produces antibodies to fight the invader.

13. # A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves
immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically
contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing
microorganism, and is often made from weakened or
killed forms of the microbe. The agent stimulates the
body's immune system to recognize the agent as
foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the
immune system can more easily recognize and destroy
any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.
# A children received 6 mandatory and 10 optional.
# Edward Jenner discovered the vaccine for small-pox
in 1798.

14. # Some bacteria and blue green algae are fix nitrogen
from the atmosphere to enrich soil with nitrogen and
increase and increase its fertility. these microbes are
commonly called biological nitrogen fixers.

15. # An agent that causes disease, especially a living
microorganism such as a bacterium or fungus.
# Pathogens are both cause in Plant and Animals.

16. # Microbial diseases that can spread from an infected
person to a healthy person through air , water , food or
physical contact are called communicable diseases.

17. # Several microorganisms not only causes diseases in
humans and plants , but also in other animals.
# Example- anthrax is a dangerous humans and cattle
disease caused by a bacterium.

18. # Several microorganisms cause diseases in plants like
wheat, rice , potato , sugarcane , orange , apple and others .
# some diseases are citrus canker , rust of wheat and yellow
veins of mosaic of bhindi(okra).

19. # Preservation of food are using by common
salt, chemical, sugar, heat and cold treatment and by
oil and vinegar.

20. NEELABH SHUKLA
CLASS-8TH A
ROLL NO. – 25