This document presents a case study of cystitis in a female sheep. The sheep was unable to completely empty its bladder and exhibited frequent urination, lack of appetite, and a distended abdomen. Physical examination revealed an elevated temperature and signs of bladder inflammation. Urine analysis found dark, cloudy urine with a high pH, indicating cystitis. The sheep was treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, and recovered from the infection. Cystitis is defined as bladder inflammation typically caused by bacterial infection, trauma, or tumors and characterized by painful, frequent urination.
Chemical Tests; flame test, positive and negative ions test Edexcel Internati...
cystitis in sheep
1. CASE PRESENTATION ON
CYSTITIS IN SHEEP
VCP-411
SUBMITTED BY:
NANCY JASROTIA
( VB-2K11-1067)
2. CASE NO : 1457
HISTORY TAKING
PATIENT DATA :
• Owner’s name & Address:
Majid shah, R/O Khalmulla
• Species & Breed:
Ovine , Crossbred
• Sex & Age :
Female , 2 .5 yrs
HISTORY OF THE PATIENT:
• unable to void urine completely
• oligouria w/ frequent micturition
• anorexia
• water intake was unaltered…………………………….since last 24 hrs
3. EXAMINATION OF THE PATIENT
• Straddling gait
• Urinating posture was maintained for some time even
after urination had actually ceased
• pollakiuria
12. • Inflammation of the urinary bladder which is usually
characterized clinically by frequent ,painful urination and the
presence of blood , inflammatory cells and bacteria in the urine
ETIOLOGY :
• Trauma & tumor
• Infection
-bacterial pathogens : E.coli , Staphylococcus
,Streptococcus in small animals , C. renale in cattle,
Eubacterium renale in pigs, Haemophilus
haemoglobinophilus in dogs.
• Common associations :
- cystic calculus
- difficult parturition
- contaminated catheterization
- as a sequel to paralysis of bladder
- late pregnancy
13. PATHOGENESIS :
• Normally , there is bladder wash out .
• In case of disease :
FACTOR(S) :
TRAUMA, TUMOR ,etc….
RETENTION OF URINE
MICROBIAL MULTIPLICATION
INVASION OF BLADDER EP. ,SHEDDING &
HAEMMORHAGE
LARGE NO. OF PUS CELLS, W.B.C., R.B.C. IN URINE
14. CLINICAL FINDINGS:
• Dull & depression
• Frequent desire to urinate
• pollakiuria
• oligouria
• Stranguria
• dysuria
• Palpation of bladder will reveal painful condition
• straddling gait
In case of a bacterial component :
-systemic signs including lethargy and anorexia
Chronic case : similar signs but less marked
15. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY :
Acute cystitis:
• pyuria ,cloudy urine
• Haematuria
• Ammonia odour of urine
• Turbid urine (in less severe case)
• bacteriuria
Chronic cystitis:
• Polypoid cystitis:
polypoid like projections from the mucosa that resemble neoplasms
• Emphysematous cystitis
• Feline idiopathic cystitis
- no gross abnormality in urine
Microscopically :
- presence of erythrocytes, leukocytes & desquamated
epithelial cells in urine sediment .
16. DIAGNOSIS:
• Clinical findings
• Urine analysis:
physical examination –
o urine volume: decreased
o colour: dark red to brown
o transparency : cloudy
o specific gravity: high
chemical examination-o
pH : alkaline
o benzidine test for blood detection : - haematuria
o presence of epithelial cells , pus,bacteria
• Ultrasound : to identify pathology
• Cystogram using air or contrast media
17. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:
• Cystic urolithiasis
- urine voided in drops
• Pyelonephritis
- lesions in the kidney
18. LINE OF TREATMENT :
(3) procedures :
1. removal of causative factor
2. flush out the pathogenic org.
3. combatment of infection
19. • removal of calculi , neoplasm etc.
• Bladder irrigation w/ 1:1000 glycerine –
acriflavin . Use of antiseptics like hexamine ,
etc.
• Urinary acidifiers s/a Na acid phosphate,
NH4Cl@40mg/kg B.W.
• Large quantities of fluid ( DNS)
20. •Urinary antispasmodics
•In –vitro AST
(nitrofurantoin , trimethoprim and sulphadiazine
are found to be effective.)
