Presented at 62nd Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE) organized by Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand during 10-13, April 2022

1. Social Protection for Workers
Interventions and Governance
Dr.C.Muthuraja, M.A., M.Phil., PhD
Head, Post Graduate and Research Department of Economics
The American College, Madurai - 625 002, TAMIL NADU
(cmuthuraja@gmail.com) - (M-09486373765)
(Presented at 62nd Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE) organized by IIT Roorkee,
Uttarakhand during 10-13, April 2022)
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2. Introduction
 Policies and Programs designed to Reduce Poverty and
Vulnerability by promoting efficient Labour Markets,
diminishing people’s exposure to risks and enhancing their
capacity to protect themselves against hazards and
interruption / loss of income
 Consists of informal labour markets, social insurance,
social assistance, micro and area-based schemes to protect
communities and child protection
 World Bank : It helps the poor and vulnerable cope with
crises and shocks, find jobs, invest in the health and
education, and protect the aging population
 Plays a vital role in ensuring income security for workers
through decent work
 It had an efficiency function, facilitating employment with
an objective of encouraging workers to acquire skills
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3. Need for Social Protection Measures
 UN SDGs expresses the need for the
implementation of ’Nationally appropriate social
protection systems and measures for all and by
2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and
vulnerable’
 World Bank Group supports Universal Social
Protection with aim of ending poverty and
boosting shared prosperity
 Focusing on Social Protection for children,
working age, old age and health protection
 Many Social Protection Schemes that would need
to be considered in each state, consulted upon and
prioritized
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4. Study on Interventions and Governance
 Focus on protecting workers, women and children
from unprotected and unhealthy situations
 Suggests ways and means to make interventions
by government and other institutions to bring
sustainable social protection through social and
gender concerned policies and programs
 Recommends that government must effectively
concentrate on social protection governance
through sustainable public policy
 Effective use of social determinants like living
conditions, urban planning, revival of rural
infrastructure and livelihood, education and
nutrition
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5. Issues on Social Protection Measures
 Modernization: Process of social mobility, migration,
urbanization, and disintegration of family and community
networks
 Globalization: While increasing the opportunities for growth,
will also increase the risks of future macroeconomic shocks
 Growth alone is not a sufficient condition for generating
inclusive societies
 Development interventions create new vulnerability and risks
through less affordable goods and services, temporary job
loss, loss of common property, displacement, and loss of
community support networks and social capital
 Social Insurance is weak in economies dominated by
informal economic activities
 Labour-market liberalization has been associated with the
erosion of unemployment benefit systems
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6. Gender Concern and Social Protection Measures
 Women are shouldering much of the burden at home, given
school and child care facility closures and gender inequalities
in unpaid work
 Women face high risks of job and income loss, face increased
risks of violence, exploitation, abuse or harassment during
times of crisis and quarantine
 Gender and Age play a disproportionately large role in how
people experience risks, vulnerabilities and opportunities
 Informal is Normal
 Programs often fail to engage women beyond targeting them
as an avenue to improve household welfare
 Women lack social status and they are excluded from social
protection schemes
 High incidence of poverty and the harmful effects of rigid
labour laws regarding lay-offs
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7. Measures…
 Informal Sector and Social Protection
Measures
 NITI Aayog and Governance towards
Social Protection Measures
 Pandemic and Social Protection
Measures
 Social Protection Measures through
Effective Governance
 Social Protection Floor for Sustainable
Social Protection Measures
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8. Conclusion and Suggestions
 Empower people: Healthy, Education, Opportunity and
Families out of Poverty
 Inclusive social protection systems
 Integrated social protection portfolio
Role of
 INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS - POLICIES
 UNION/STATE/LOCAL GOVENMENTS
 CORPORATE INDIA
 NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANISATIONS
 VOLUNTARISM THROUGH KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND TECHNOLOGY
 YOUTH IDEAS & POWER (DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND)
APPEAL
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE LABOUR EDUCATION
PLEASE
EACH ONE IDEA ONE
IF NOT
EACH ONE MEET ONE AND IDEA ONE
(QUESTIONS PLEASE)
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