5. 4. EXPLANTS (small pieces of young growing plant tissue e.g. root, shoot, bud or leaf) can be taken and grown in a suitable medium containing plant growth regulators (growth hormones e.g. auxins and cytokinins whuch cause tissue differentiation). Cell proliferation produces a CALLUS (a mass of dividing, undifferentiated cells) 5. With continued sub-culturing and changing the balance of growth regulators, the new roots and shoots can be planted out to regenerate a complete plant !
8. Plant cell culture explants from plants medium with nutrients and PGRs cell proliferation callus formation adult plants submerged culture in fermenters rapid production of plant cell products control of temp, light, nutrients
![Plant Tissue Culture ,[object Object],[object Object],Protoplast = actively metabolising part of cell minus cell wall [cell wall digested by enzymes]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/plant-culture1822/85/plant-culture-1-320.jpg)
