Computer Skills
CIS-100 - 2013
Qais Marji
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Chapter 6: INTERNET AND E-MAIL
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What is the Internet?
The internet is the largest computer network
in the world, connecting millions of computers.
A network is a group of two or more computer
systems linked together.
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two main types of computer networks:
1. Local Area Network (LAN): A L
AN is two or more connected co
mputers sharing certain resourc
es in a relatively small geograph
ic location.
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two main types of computer networks:
2. Wide Area Network (WAN): A WA
N typically consists of two or more
LANs. The computers are farther a
part and are linked by telephone lin
es, dedicated telephone lines, or ra
dio waves.
 The internet is the largest Wide Ar
ea Network (WAN) in existence.
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Servers and Clients
 A server is a computer that "serves" many different computers i
n a network by running specialized software and storing info
rmation. For example, web pages are stored on servers.
 your computer is acting as a client. A client runs familiar softwar
e such as web browsers or email software, and it communicat
es with the server to get the information it requires.
 In peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, each computer acts as both a
server and a client. Examples of P2P software include Skype a
nd BitTorrent.
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The World Wide Web (WWW)
 The internet is the physical network of computers all over th
e world.
 The World Wide Web is a virtual network of web sites conn
ected by hyperlinks (or "links"). Web sites are stored on ser
vers on the internet, so the World Wide Web is a part of the in
ternet.
 The backbone of the World Wide Web is made of HTML files,
which are specially-formatted documents that can contain link
s, as well as images and other media. All web browsers can r
ead HTML files.
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How is the Internet Used?
1. Finding Information Online : The most common way to find info
rmation online is with a search engine “ web site that collects an
d organizes content form all over the internet. ”. There are many
different search engines like excite, lycos, AltaVista, infoseek, ya
hoo, bing that you can use, but Google is the most popular one.
2. Intelligent Personal Assistants: you can simply talk to your dev
ice's. One example is Siri, which comes pre-installed on the iPho
ne 4S and the iPhone5.
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How is the Internet Used?
3. Using the Internet to Communicate: Today, there are many different ways to co
mmunicate online, including social networking, chat, VoIP, and blogging.
A. Social Networking: of the main ways people keep in touch. Below are a few of the m
ost popular social networking sites:
 Facebook :used by about one billion people. Us it to keep up with family and friends,
and sharing information.
 Twitter lets you share brief messages (or"tweets") with the entire world, or with just y
our circle of friends.
 LinkedIn is a site that you can use for: business networking. It allows you to connec
t with other people in your field and find out about out about new job opportunities.
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How is the Internet Used?
B. Chat and Instant Messaging: Chat and instant messaging programs a
llow you to have conversations with your friends or just write them a quick
note. Two examples are Yahoo! Messenger and Microsoft Messenger.
Some sites, such as Gmail and Facebook, allow you to chat within your
browser.
C. VoIP: (Voice over Internet Protocol), allows you to have telephone ser
vice through your internet connection. Some services also let you do vid
eo conferencing, such as Skype and Facebook Video Calling. Many of
these services are free or very inexpensive.
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How Do I Connect to the Internet?
Once you've set up your computer, you'll
probably want to get internet access. Be
fore you can access the internet, there ar
e three things that you need: internet ser
vice, a modem, and a web browser.
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Choosing an Internet Service
Which Service is Best for Me?
It all depends on where you live and how much speed you n
eed. Internet Service Providers usually offer different levels of
speed based on your needs.
If you're mainly using the internet for e-mail and social netwo
rking, a slower connection might be all you need,
if you want to download a lot of music or watch streaming m
ovies, you'll want a faster connection. You'll need to do some re
search to find out what the options are in your area.
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Choosing an Internet Service
Factors to consider as you research ISPs:
Speed
 Price
 Ease of Installation
 Service Record
 Technical Support
 Contract Terms
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Browser Basics
 A web browser is use to access the World Wide Web. The browser’s main jo
b is to display web pages. It also let you create Bookmarks (favorites) for site
s which you can easily find them again later.
 Common Web Browsers: Chrome and Internet Explorer are the most popu
lar web browsers. Other browsers include Firefox, Safari, and Opera. Each o
ne has its own look and feel, but they have the same goal.
 browsers use a Graphical User Interface (GUI). Some devices such as mobil
e phones use different types of GUIs, such as touchscreens. However, many
of the principles remain the same.
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Browser Basics
 Address Bar: Browsers have an address bar that shows the web addres
s (also called a URL) of the page you are on. To go to a different page, you
can type an address in the address bar and then press Enter (or Return).
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Browser Basics
 Links: A link can be text or an image, and it's usually formatted to stand o
ut so you know to click on it. Many text links are blue, and they may also b
e underlined.
 If you're not sure if something's a link, hover the mouse over it. The pointer should cha
nge to a hand symbol.
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Browser Basics
 Navigation Buttons: when you want
to go back to the previous page. You
can do this using your browser's Bac
k button. Once you've pressed the Ba
ck button, you can press the Forward
button to follow the link again.
You can use the Refresh button (som
etimes called Reload) to tell the brow
ser to load the page again.
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Browser Basics
 Adding Bookmarks: Bookmarks make it easier to find a page later on. Instead of
having to remember the exact web address, you can just scroll through your bo
okmarks until you see the name of the page.
 In Internet Explorer 9, you can add a bookmark by clicking the star icon and then select
ing Add to Favorites. Other browsers are similar, but they may use different wording.
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Browser Basics
 Downloading Files: browser can display many different types of documents, medi
a, and other files. Download. But there are times when you'll want to access a file
outside your browser enables you to do this by putting the file on your compute
r so that you can access it.
 How to Download a File: If you click on a link to a file, it may download automatic
ally, but sometimes it just opens within your browser instead of downloading. To
prevent it from opening in the browser, you can right-click the link and select Sav
e Target As... (different browsers may use slightly different wording). You'll be able
to choose the folder where the file is saved.
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 Plug-ins are programs that are installed in your browser that enable it to play vario
us types of media, such as video. Examples of plug-ins include Quicktime Player
and Flash Player. If you don't have the correct plug-in, the site will usually provide
a link to download the plug-in.
 Once you have the necessary plug-ins, you'll be able to enjoy streaming video fro
m sites such as Hulu, and play games on sites such as Newgrounds.
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Domain Name
Domain Name: A domain name is a string used to nam
e Web sites and other servers on computer networks.
 On the Internet, these strings are managed by the Do
main Name System (DNS). The DNS uses a system
of multi-level strings separated by dots ('.') to organiz
e domain names.
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Domain Name
 .com - Stands for company/commercial, but it can be used for any web sit
e.
 .net - Stands for network and is usually used for a network of sites.
 .org - Stands for organization and is supposed to be for non-profit bodies.
 .us, .in - They are based on your country names so that you can go for co
untry specific domain extensions,
 biz - A newer extension on the Internet and can be used to indicate that thi
s site is purely related to business,
 .info - Stands for information. This domain name extension can be very us
eful, and as a new comer it's doing well,
 .tv - Stands for Television and are more appropriate for TV channel sites.
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Domain Name
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Email Basics
 Getting to Know Email: email (electronic mail) is a way to send and receive me
ssages across the internet.
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Electronic Mail
 Email messages travel very quickly and inexpensively
 The delivery of messages from one part of a country to another may take minutes
 Once a message has been received, it can be saved, printed, edited, forwarded to an
other user, or deleted
 Email is becoming one of the most widely used services on the Internet:

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Email Characteristics
Email is becoming one of the most widely us
ed services on the Internet :
1. Fast
2. Can save messages for future reference.
3. Free of charge.

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How to get email account ?
 How to get just email?
 Get a free web-based email account through yahoo or Hotmail

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Email Address
An email address has two parts:
1. Username
2. Domain Name
Email Address Exampahmad@ju
st.edu.jo
le:

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Email Message’s Parts
An email message must have at least two parts:
1. Header
2. Body
3. Message Signature (optional)

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Email Message’s Parts
1. The Message Header contains information about the message: sender, receiver,
date and subject
 CC: Carbon Copy
 BCC: Blind Carbon Copy
2. The Message body contains the actual message being sent
3. Message Signature (optional) (see next slide
)

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Message Signature
 Sometimes, an email message contains a third part, called the signature
 It is optional, and usually identifies or provides information about the message’s send
er

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Which email Program to use?
1. On UNIX you may use Pine or Mailx
2. Netscape’s mail through Netscape Navigator

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Review
 CC : Carbon Copy
 BCC: Blind Carbon Copy
 Protocols: set of rules
 TCP/IP :Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)
 File Transfer Protocol [FTP] use to:
 Transfer data files to and from computers around the world?
 internet protocol address : IP address
 DNS: it is a name addressing system was developed, called domain name system (DNS
)
 URL: Uniform Resource Locator
 HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language

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1. Inbox
The inbox is where you'll view and manage emails you receive. Emails are listed with
the name of the sender, the subject of the message and the date received.
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2. Message Pane
When you select an email in the inbox, it will open in the Message pane. From here, y
ou can read the message and choose how to respond with a variety of commands.
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3. Compose Pane
You can click the Compose or New button from your inbox to open the Com
pose pane to create your own email message. From here, you'll need to enter t
he recipient's email address and a subject. You'll also have the option to upload
files (photos, documents, etc.) as attachments and add formatting to the messa
ge.
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