Energy storage devices (battery, capacitator): Large storage, low cost, Long life, high density, small storage, high cost, high power, high rate charge, long life

1. Renewable energy storage devices
Shin–KOBE electric machinery co,. Ltd.
２０１１．３

2. Business Activities 2
We are “HITACHI” group company.
Three Business Domains Sales Turnover in 2009
Storage Industrial
Batteries Battery,
Automotive
Storage Electric
Battery
Batteries Equip.
etc
42%
Electric
Electric
32% 90 B¥
Equipments
Machines
Plastic
Plastic
products
Products
26%

3. RE storage Business Strategy 3
We have 3 Storage Devices.
・Large storage Hybrid storage
・Low cost
For example
・Long life
ＬＬ Battery
・Storage &
Stabilization
・High density
・Small storage
Lithium-ion ・High cost
battery
・Storage &
wave smooting
・High power
Lithium-ion ・High rate charge
capacitor ・Long life

4. Compare of storage devices 4
Each devices have unique characteristic.
We propose “hybrid storage” system. Discharge time
10h １h 0.1h 36S
1000
3.6S
100
NaS Lithium-ion
battery
Energy density（Wh/kg）
LL battery 0.36S
10 Ni-MH
（Vitality）
L-cap
36ms
1 ＥＤＬＣ
0.1
Chemical capacitor
0.01
10 100 1K 10K 100K
Output density（W/kg）
（Momentary power）

5. Image of “Hybrid storage” 5
Demand power carb
Li-ion capacitor
support area
Demand
Li-ion battery
support area
Lead acid battery
support area
Time

6. Hybrid storage demonstration project 6
ＬＬ battery ＋ Capacitor ・Nishime (Akita, Japan)
・Wind turbine stabilization
・Now operation from Aug. 2007
ＬＬ battery ＋NaS battery ・Los Alamos (NM, USA/by NEDO)
・PV storage & Grid stabilization
・Order （Set up at 2011）
ＬＬ battery ＋ Li-ion battery ・Yokohama city (Japan/by NEDO)
・PV storage & EV charge
・Order （Set up at 2011）

7. How it works with LL type battery 7
Actual Data from Nishime Demo Project
Green line: Wind Turbine
Batteries absorbed a fluctuation in wind turbine output.
Discharge from batteries kept
output from dropping rapidly.
Red line: Combined output

8. How it works with LL battery & capacitor 8
Actual Data from Nishime Demo Project
The smooth degree of the output wave
pattern rises by a capacitor

9. １．ＬＬ Battery
２．Lithium ion Battery
３．Lithium ion Capacitor

10. Structure of our battery (LL-W type) 10
Item LL1500W-8
Voltage 8V
Single Battery 10HR capacity 1,500Ah
Wind power model LL-W
Single Battery Energy capacity 12kWh
Installation Horizontal
Height 473
Dimension Width 799
(mm) Depth 500
Weight (kg) 485
Expected life Accum total Discharge
3,150CAh and 17 years
(Battery temperature 25 ℃)
SOC range 30～ 90%
Charge Condition Per SKE’s instruction
Sealed with
Battery Construction Regulated Valve

11. Battery assemble 11
insert
3kWh battery
Series of 384 cells battery
3kWh×4ｾﾙ=12kWh battery unit
Total capacity＝1.1MWh
Back Two lines of
placement 12 rows placement

12. Large scale product 12
Capacity:1.1MWh Capacity：4.4MWh
DC voltage rank:1,000V DC voltage rank:1,000V
1.2m Maintenance space
7.8m
1.0m
12.0m 2.0m 12.0m 2.0m
Weight
Weight
188,000kg
47,000kg

13. Battery assemble in Container 13
1.1MWh
APL 45ft type
More then 1.0m

14. Single Battery Product Line-up 14
Battery type Wind Power Peak Shift （Energy Storege）
LL50 LL220 LL330 LL1000 LL1500 LL1000 LL1500
Battery Model LL1500W-8
12 24 24 12 8 S-12 S-8
Voltage V 8 12 24 24 12 8 12 8
Ah 1,500 50 220 330 1,000 1,500 1,000 1,500
Capacity
Wh 3,000 600 440 660 2,000 3,000 2,000 3,000
Output kWh 12.00 - 5.28 7.92 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
U Volume Liter 193 10 144 188 199 193 218 211
n Height mm 473 350 360 468 339 473 339 473
i Width mm 799 166 799 799 1,145 799 1,257 871
t Depth mm 512 175 502 502 512 512 512 512
Weinht kg 485 27 266 367 440 430 496 485
Expected Life
3,150・C (Ah) 4,500 Cycle
(at 25 ℃) 3,000 cycles (10 years)
(17 years) (15 years)
（*See Notes below）
Use Temperature
0-40 ℃
Range
（*） Expected Life for LL-W ： DOD30-90% at battery tempeature=25℃
Charging methods such as equalifying charge as per SKE’s instruction
（*） Expected Life for LL and LL-S ： DOD70% at battery tempeature=25℃
Charging methods such as equalifying charge as per SKE’s instruction
（*） In case temperature （charge/discharge/storage）in out of specified range．
Battery life and performace is negatively affected

15. System Schematics 15
Wind Farm Power before stabilization Power after stabilization
Wind
Cloud
Mega Solar
Charge／Discharge
into/out of Battery
Converter
1 bank charge discharge
LL
Batteries

16. Wind farm Demo 16
“Tapi Wind Farm” Demonstration Project under NEDO program 2001
＜Project Summary＞
・ Purpose=Stabilization
・ WTG＝ 300kW
・ Battery capacity＝ 1320kWh
(LL1000×3×220 cells)
・ Trial period=6 months

17. 15MW Wind farm in Shiura 17
Goshogawara Shiura Large Scale Wind Farm Mar. 2010
・ Site
Goshogawara Shiura, Aomori
・ Operator
Kuroshio Power
・In operation
Mar 2010
＜System summary＞
・ Purpose ＝ Stabilization
・ WTG ＝ 15.2MW (1.9MW×8)
・ Battery capacity ＝ 10.4MWｈ
(LL1500W×3456cells)
・ Battery Foot print＝ 30m×18m=540㎡
・Weight ＝ 420ｔ

18. 15MW Wind farm in Yusa 18
Yusa Large Scale Wind Farm Mar. 2010
・ Site
Yusa, Yamagata
・ Operator
Shounai Power
・Setting completion
Sep 2010
・In operation
Mar 2011
＜System summary＞
・ Purpose ＝ Stabilization
・ WTG ＝ 15.4MW (2.2MW×7)
・ Battery capacity ＝ 10.4MWｈ
(LL1500W×3456cells)
・ Battery Foot print＝ 30m×13m=390㎡
・Weight ＝ 420ｔ

19. Micro Grid 19
Gansu Prov. China (J-Power NEDO) Sept. 2004
Wind & Solar hybrid with DEG
＜Project summary＞
・Application＝Micro grid（Stabilization）
・WTG ＝ 99kW(11kW×9set)
・Solar＝ 100kW(10kW×10set)
・LL-battery＝ 576kWh(LL2000×144)

20. Solar Storage On Grid 20
Malaysia (Tokyo Power Co.～ NEDO) / Aug.2009
960kWh Batteries
ＰＶ＝１００ＫＷ

21. Home Solar Storage On Grid 21
Oota City Japan (NEDO Demo Project) / 2004～2007
（550 houses）
9.6kWh Batteries

22. Electric Vehicular Charge Station 22
Toyota City hall Mar.2010
Set up on 29 sites
9.6kWh Battery

23. Solar Storage Off Grid 23
NTT-DoCoMo Moville Phone Base Station With PV
ＰＣＳ
ＰＶ
Celler
Radio Machine
LL Battery

24. Solar Storage Off Grid 24
Developing country (PV for School Facilities)
ＰＶ＝８２５Ｗ
10.6kWh Batteries

25. １．ＬＬ Battery
２．Lithium ion Battery
３．Lithium ion Capacitor

26. Hybrid Train （JR East） 26
The world’s first hybrid train
（Li-Ion battery x Diesel engine）
already in service from July 2007,
a JR East line, Nagano, Japan.
Furthermore, ten railroad car begin
a run in December, 2010
Principle of Energy Saving
①Engine in operation with constant
speed and high efficiency. Ignition for
departure is not necessary (No gas
emission).
②Lithium battery for power assist
and power regeneration depending on
running condition.

27. Electric Excavator 27
Produced by Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
We substituted Excavator of the
diesel engine drive for battery drive.
・Exhaust gas-free
・Low noise
・Fuel costs saving ＺＸ３５Ｂ
・Suitable for work in the （Jun.2010 release）
closedown space

28. Regeneration System for Train in Substation 28
Kobe City Metro /System Product by Hitachi（NEDO Project）
ＰＣＳ
Lithium-ion Battery
Battery
Switch Board
Out Put：２ＭＷ
Battery：Lithium-ion Battery
Capacity：６８ｋＷｈ（680V100Ah）

29. Operation of Regeneration System for Train 29
Data of Operation

30. High Voltage DC Lithium-ion Battery System 30
Feature:
①Safety: Flame retardant electrolytic solution
BCU＋CC＋Switch
+ electrode
②Long-life: 10 years = Conventional LiB x 3
③High-capacity: 210Ah=Conventional LiB x 4
(Targeting additional scale up)
④Weight: 1/3 of lead battery
⑤Volume: 1/3 of lead battery
Application:
①Data center in urban area
②Base station for cell-phone
※Advantage in lightweight and compact
210Ah Cell 40kWh Battery System

31. Module for Lithium-ion Battery 31
Battery model：ＫＬ９０－８ Module
Battery Configuration 8 cells in line
Dimension（mm） L440 W290 H186
Weight（㎏） 30
Nominal capacity（Ah） 90
Nominal voltage（Ｖ） 30
Weight energy density（Wh/kg） 90
Volume energy density（Wh/L） 114
Output density（W/Kg） 270(DOD=50%)

32. Module for Lithium-ion Battery 32
Battery model：ＭＡ２ Module
Battery Configuration 48 cells in line
Dimension（mm） L611 W318 H103
Weight（㎏） 23
Nominal capacity（Ah） 5.5
Nominal voltage（Ｖ） 170
Weight energy density（Wh/kg） 41
Volume energy density（Wh/L） 47
Output density（W/Kg） 1,900(DOD=50%)

33. Combination of Stationary Type Li-ion Battery 33
For Emergency
LiB Controller Float Type LiB
Battery Cubicle
For Energy Storage For High Power
Type LiB Supply Type LiB

34. Specification for Use of Li-ion Battery 34
Energy Storage
Storage Capacity：32kWh（DC360V）
Output Capacity：100kW
High Power Supply （Ventilation）
Storage Capacity ：12kWh（DC340V）
1,800mm
Output Capacity ：200kW
Emergency
Storage Capacity ：38kWh（DC190V）
Output Capacity ：20A10hr
800mm
750mm

35. 35
１．ＬＬ Battery
２．Lithium ion Battery
３．Lithium ion Capacitor

36. Property of L-Cap 36
items design of L-Cap
Rated Voltage 3.8 – 2.2V
Mass 270g
Size φ40ｘ110L（136cc）
Output Power >5000W/L(2.5mΩ)
Initial L-Cap
Capacity >1000F(0.45Ah)・・*)
Property SLC-1000B
Energy Density >10Wh/L
High Capacity 0.5～2%
<Characteristics>
Temp. Change 60℃,3.8V,1000h
high voltage, high I/O
Property Temp. Range -15～80℃ long life, heat-stable
Voltage Retention 98% (60℃､1000h) good voltage retention
＊） 1000F L-Cap discharges 1.8 to 2.4 times easy to control
larger energy than 1000F EDLC.

37. Example of modules 37
cell with bus bar 12 straight
72 straight 8 straight

38. Property of L-Cap Discharge 38
16
15
voltage (V, 4 straight)
14
10A
13
50A
12 100A
200A
11
300A
10
9
8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
time (s)
Fig. Voltage vs. discharge time
Discharge is easy to control.

39. Property of L-Cap Charge 39
16
15
voltage (V, 4 straight)
14 10A
13 50A
100A
12 200A
11 300A
10
9
8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
time (s)
Fig. Voltage vs. charge time.
Charge is also easy to control.

40. Property of L-Cap Power Density 40
12
25℃ L-Cap
L-Cap
Output Energy Density (Wh/L)
10 40Φ x 110L
3.8V－2.2V
DCR(25℃)
8 2.3mΩ
Capacity 1012F
4 times larger
6
EDLC
4
7 times larger
40φx135L
EDLC（2.5V-1.5V） DCR(25℃)
2 2.1mΩ
Capacity 850F
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Output Power Density (W/L)
Fig. Comparison of output energy vs. output power
high power, high energy

41. Property of L-Cap Durability 41
0
【Test Method】
Cell was maintained 3.8V at 60℃ for
Capacity Change (%) -2 a certain period of time. Afterwards
the Capacity was measured at 25℃.
-4
(200 days)
-6 EDLC L-Cap
2.5V 3.8V
-8
-10
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Time (h)
Fig. Comparison of capacity change vs. time
long float charge life

42. Application Test Voltage Sag Mitigation Device 42
2MW Voltage Sag Mitigation Device
Lead Acid battery type
2350mm
compensation : 10seconds
life : 7～9 years
[size]
1/4 of
4800mm 2400mm
EDLC type
2350mm
EDLC type L-Cap type
2350mm
1 second 1 second
EDLC life : 15
life : 15
years years
cost : 1/2
2400mm
2400mm 2400mm 600mm

43. Installation to automatic fork lift 43
replacement for
Lead Acid battery
16S x 12P (192cells) 60kg
[note]
Lead Acid battery was 500kg
charger

44. Contact With
Kazuhiro Adachi
Shin-KOBE Electric Machinery Co,. Ltd.
St. Lucas building,8-1,AkashiCho, Chuuo-Ku, Tokyo Japan
E-Mail: k.adachi@shinkobe-denki.co.jp
Tel:+81 3 6811 2270
Fax:+81 3 5565 5772