1. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES CONDITIONAL SENTENCES CONDITION CLAUSE RESULT CLAUSE If you study hard ,* you'll pass your exams. or if you study hard. You'll pass your exams * notice the use of commas

2. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES LINKING CONDITIONAL CLAUSES : Conjunctions If :We can join the two parts with If and other conjunctions too. Unless ( =if not, except if): i.e. We'll miss the buss unless we hurry = if wedon't hurry on condition (that) as long as so long as provided (that) providing (that) They are more formal and suggest an element of only if i.e. I will do this only if you do that I will do this on condition that /as long as/ provided (that).... you do that

3. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES CONDITIONAL SENTENCES REAL CONDITIONALS UNREAL CONDITIONALS Refer to real situations and events Refer to imaginary, untrue situations, hypothesis, speculations or to unlikely or impossible situations

4. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES “imaginary” situations “real” situations i.e. If it rains, you can stay here If you want to go home, I'll give you a lift If we met in the café, we always talked for hous Time Reference REAL CONDITIONALS UNREAL CONDITIONALS Normal verb tenses Past/ Backshifted tenses Tense Present Present Future Future Past Past Time Reference Tense Present Past Future Past Past Perfect i.e. If I were president, I wouldn't sweep the streets. ( =But I'm not) If you had arrived earlier, we would have gone shopping. ( =But you didn't arrive earlier)

5. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Condition Clause i.e. If you eat too much, you get fat If you drink, don't drive If you study hard, you will pass the exam If you have finished, we could go now If they’re watching TV, they may not/won’t hear you REAL CONDITIONALS Result Clause If/unless...+ Present *, * (Simple, Continuous, Perfect) Present Future (will, going to..) Modals (will, may, might, must...) Imperative(for advice and instructions) Traditionally Zero Conditional Traditionally 1st Conditional

6. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Condition Clause UNREAL CONDITIONALS Result Clause i.e. If we bought this house, we would have to remodel the kitchen If I had more time, I’d help you If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exams If you had asked me, I’d have helped you Note : was/were are both used as the past form of be: If she was/were here would could + infinitive (traditionally 2nd Cond) might ______________________ would could +have +past participle (traditionally 3 rd Cond.) might Present If/unless...+ Past , Future ------------------------------------------------- Past If/unless...+ Past Perfect ,

7. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES MIXED CONDITIONALS A present situation can have a past result, and a past situation can have a present result. Past result Present situation Present result Past situation If I had more money, I wouldn’t have walked If I weren’t so busy, I could have taken off a few days last week If she had tried harder, she wouldn’t be where she is today If you hadn’t wasted so much money, we’d be able to afford a better holiday