Scheduled Tribes in India: As revealed in Census 2011
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This report highlights the data and demographics of scheduled tribes (ST) in 30 states and union territories of India, as documented in Census 2011. The report makes comparisons from 1961 by showing population trends as well as decadal growth rate. It also focuses on the livelihoods of people from scheduled castes and tribes (SC/ST) in rural as well as urban India. Presently, 705 ethnic groups are notified as STs in the country. In the decade before Census 2011, there were some changes in the lists of STs in states and union territories, and with the addition or deletion of certain tribes, some areas show either an increase or a decline in the numbers.
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Scheduled Tribes in India: As revealed in Census 2011
- 1. CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 Dr. C. CHANDRAMOULIDr. C. CHANDRAMOULIDr. C. CHANDRAMOULIDr. C. CHANDRAMOULI REGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIAREGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIAREGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIAREGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIA MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRSMINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRSMINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRSMINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS 03 May 201303 May 201303 May 201303 May 2013 As revealed in Census 2011As revealed in Census 2011As revealed in Census 2011As revealed in Census 2011
- 2. • ArticleArticleArticleArticle –––– 342:342:342:342: • Provides for specification of tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which are deemed to be for the purposes of the Constitution the Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union Territory. • In pursuance of these provisions, the list of Scheduled Tribes are notified for each State or Union Territory and are valid only within the jurisdiction of that State or Union Territory and not outside.
- 3. • Scheduled Tribes are notified in 30 States/UTs • Number of individual ethnic groups, etc. notified as Scheduled Tribes is 705 • There has been some changes in the List of Scheduled Tribes in States/ UTs during the last decade
- 7. 80 100 120 68 84 104 62.8 77.3 93.8 ¡ ¢£ ¤¥ £¦¦£ § ¤ ¡¨ Scheduled Tribes (in millions) by residenceScheduled Tribes (in millions) by residenceScheduled Tribes (in millions) by residenceScheduled Tribes (in millions) by residence: 1961: 1961: 1961: 1961----2011201120112011 (in millions) 0 20 40 60 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 30 38 52 29.4 36.7 48.4 1 1 3 5 7 11 Total Rural Urban © ¦ £ ¤ ! #
- 11. Madhya Pradesh 14.7 Maharashtra 10.1 West Bengal Karnataka 4.1 Assam 3.7 Meghalaya 2.5 Rest 11.6 (In %) Odisha 9.2 Rajasthan 8.9 Gujarat 8.6 Jharkhand 8.3 Chhattisgarh 7.5 Andhra Pradesh 5.7 West Bengal 5.1 Shows the states’ share of ST population out of India’s ST population
- 12. Number of States/UTsNumber of States/UTsNumber of States/UTsNumber of States/UTs No listed ST in Census 2001 and Census 2011 5555 (Punjab, Chandigarh, Haryana, NCT of Delhi, Puducherry) Change within ±0.2 percent points 7777 (Uttarakhand, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Assam, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu) Decrease by more 5555 (Nagaland, Chhattisgarh, Daman Diu, DDecrease by more than 0.2% percent points 5555 (Nagaland, Chhattisgarh, Daman Diu, D N Haveli, A N Islands) Increase by more than 1 percent points 4444 States/UTs (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa) Increase by 0.2 to 1 percent points 14141414 States/UTs (all except the above)
- 13. State/UTState/UTState/UTState/UT % to total% to total% to total% to total populationpopulationpopulationpopulation Additions in the listAdditions in the listAdditions in the listAdditions in the list after Census 2001after Census 2001after Census 2001after Census 2001 2001200120012001 2011201120112011 Himachal Pradesh 4.0 5.7 9 Beta, Beda 10 Domba, Gara, Zoba Area restriction removedArea restriction removedArea restriction removedArea restriction removed for Gaddi and Gujjar Sikkim 20.6 33.8 3 Limboo 4 Tamang4 Tamang Arunachal Pradesh 64.2 68.8 All tribes of the State are included in the list. After Census 2001, more specific names like Idu, Taroan, Hrusso, Tagin, Khamba and Adi have been mentioned in this list Goa 0.0 10.2 6 Kunbi 7 Gawda 8 Velip
- 14. State/UTState/UTState/UTState/UT % to total% to total% to total% to total populationpopulationpopulationpopulation Additions in the listAdditions in the listAdditions in the listAdditions in the list after Census 2001after Census 2001after Census 2001after Census 2001 2001200120012001 2011201120112011 Jammu Kashmir 10.9 11.9 No change Rajasthan 12.6 13.5 No change Uttar Pradesh 0.1 0.6 Change from SC to ST for different names in specified districts DetailsDetailsDetailsDetails 0.1 0.6 in specified districts Manipur 34.2 35.1 30 Poumai naga 31 Tarao 32 Kharam 33 Any Kuki tribes Tripura 31.1 31.8 Sub-tribe names under: 6 Bengshel, Dub, Kaipeng, Kalai, Karbong, Lengui, Mussum, Rupini, Sukuchep, Thangchep 14 Murashing DetailsDetailsDetailsDetails
- 15. State/UTState/UTState/UTState/UT % to total% to total% to total% to total populationpopulationpopulationpopulation Additions in the listAdditions in the listAdditions in the listAdditions in the list after Census 2001after Census 2001after Census 2001after Census 2001 2001200120012001 2011201120112011 Odisha ¡ ¢ ¡ £ Addition of names in many listed tribes Madhya Pradesh ¤ ¡ ¥ ¢¡ ¢ Change in area restriction for some of the tribes DetailsDetailsDetailsDetails
- 16. State/UTState/UTState/UTState/UT % to total% to total% to total% to total populationpopulationpopulationpopulation Possible reasonPossible reasonPossible reasonPossible reason 2001200120012001 2011201120112011 Nagaland £ ¡ ¢ £¡ ¡ ¢ Migration from outside State Chhattisgarh ¥ ¢¡ £ ¥¤ ¡ ¡ Reduction in line with previous Census (reduced by 0.7 points between Census(reduced by 0.7 points between Census 1991 and Census 2001) Daman Diu £ ¡ £ ¡ ¡ ¥ Migration from outside State D N Haveli ¡ ¡ ¢ ¡ ¤ Migration from outside State A N Islands £ ¡ ¥ £ ¡ ¢ Tsunami
- 18. Total Households Total SC ST Gen. Total 72.6 68.4 81.6 Percentage of Households : 2011 (in millions) Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban 17.9 19.6 14.3 9.5 12.0 4.0 SC ST Gen.
- 19. 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 35.7 58.2 40.6 53.0 42.2 49.7 43.0 48.9 54.2 41.0 57.2 38.2 0.0 10.0 20.0 Good Livable Dilapidated Good Livable Dilapidated 2001 2011 6.0 6.4 8.1 8.1 4.8 4.5 ST SC Others
- 20. 30 35 40 45 50 44 33 47 31 34 32 0 5 10 15 20 25 No exclusive room One room Two rooms Three rooms Four rooms Five rooms Six rooms and above 4 11 5 1 1 5 10 4 1 1 4 16 9 3 3 STs SCs Other
- 21. 43.5 33.5 41.3 39.6 24.4 39.2 46.6 31.2 2011 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Decadal Change (2011-2001) (HH in %) Tap Well Hand pump Tube well/ Borehole All others 11.0 8.5 3.5 8.3 7.7 3.2 24.4 21.1 7.8 7.5 10.4 8.8 3.0 Total SC ST Gen. -8.0 -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 Tap Well Hand pump Tube well/ Borehole All others Total SC ST Gen.
- 22. Distribution of Households by Source of Drinking Water – Tap Scheduled Tribes2001 2011
- 23. (HH in %) 46.6 35.8 35.4 43.6 46.7 33.6 52.8 32.5 2011 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Decadal Change (2011-2001) Within Premises Near Premises Away 17.6 21.0 19.7 14.6 Total SC ST Gen. -10.0 -8.0 -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 Within Premises Near Premises Away Total SC ST Gen.
- 24. Main source of lighting 67% households use electricity (SC – 59%; ST- 52%) Increase of 11pt over 2001 (SC – 15 pt; ST- 15 pt) 31% of households use Kerosene (SC – 40%; ST- 46%) Decline of 12 pt over 2001 (SC – 15 pt; ST- 16 pt)
- 25. 67.2 59.0 39.5 51.7 45.6 71.3 2011 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 11.4 14.7 15.2 9.9 Decadal Change (2011-2001) Electricity Kerosene 31.4 39.5 27.6 Total SC ST Gen. -20.0 -15.0 -10.0 -5.0 0.0 5.0 Electricity Kerosene -11.9 -15.2 -16.3 -10.3 Total SC ST Gen.
- 26. Households using Electricity as Source of Lighting Scheduled Tribes 20112001
- 27. Bathing facility: 58% households have bathing facility (SC – 48%;ST – 31%) Increase of 22 pts over 2001 ( SC -25 pts; ST – 16 pts)
- 28. 42.0 41.6 52.5 68.6 48.8 35.3 2011 22.3 25.2 22.2 Decadal Change (2011-2001) (HH in %) Bathroom Enclosure without roof Bathing Facility - Not available 16.4 27.7 19.8 17.3 14.1 15.9 35.3 Total SC ST Gen. Bathing Facility - Available 16.3 Total SC ST Gen.
- 29. 51% households have drainage facility (SC – 47%;ST – 23%) 18% households have closed drainage (SC – 11%;ST – 6%) and 33% households have open drainage (SC- 35% ST- 17%) 5 pt decline in households having no drainage over 2001 (SC-45 pt decline in households having no drainage over 2001 (SC-4 pt; ST-1 pt) Rural-Urban difference in no drainage increased by 1 pt from 44 pt in 2001 to 45 pts in 2011
- 30. 48.9 53.4 77.3 44.0 2011 6.0 8.0 5.6 4.2 6.5 Decadal Change (2011-2001) (HH in %) Closed drainage Open drainage No drainage 18.1 33.0 11.3 35.3 6.1 16.7 21.4 34.6 44.0 Total SC ST Gen. -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 Closed drainage Open drainage No drainage -0.9 -4.7 4.2 -0.5 -3.7 1.6 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -5.4 Total SC ST Gen.
- 31. Latrine facility within premises: 47% households have latrine facility (SC – 34%;ST – 23%) About 37% households have water closet (SC – 24%;ST – 15%) 9% households have pit latrine 8.0 10.0 12.0 10.5 10.2 5.6 11.0 Decadal Change (2011-2001) (SC – 9%;ST – 7%) 1% households have other latrine (SC – 1 %;ST – 1 %) 11 pt decline in households having no latrine (SC–10 pt;ST–6 pt) (R–9 pt;U –8 pt) 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 Latrine Facility - Available Total SC ST Gen.
- 32. 36.4 53.1 66.1 77.4 42.3 46.7 2011 74.7 % HH having no latrine facilities within premises, 2011 (HH in %) Water Closet Pit Latrine Other Latrine No Latrine 36.4 9.4 1.1 23.9 9.2 0.7 15.3 6.7 0.6 9.8 1.2 Total SC ST Gen. Total SC ST Gen. 3.2 4.1 2.7 3.1 49.8 62.1 74.7 43.6 Public Latrine Open
- 33. Households having No Latrine Facility Scheduled Tribes 20112001
- 34. 55.8 31.5 43.0 40.6 48.3 39.5 59.9 28.3 Availability of kitchen, 2011, India (HH in %) Has Kitchen Does not have kitchen Has Kitchen Does not have kitchen Cooking inside house: Cooking outside house: No Cooking 5.5 6.8 0.3 6.1 10.0 0.3 5.4 6.6 0.2 5.4 6.1 0.4 Total SC ST Gen.
- 35. Fuel Used for Cooking 66% households use firewood/crop residue, cow dung cake (SC –77%;ST – 87%) 29% households use LPG/PNG (SC – 17%;ST – 9%) Increase of 11 pts in use of LPG/PNG (SC – 9 pt; ST – 4 pt)
- 36. 49.0 54.9 78.4 43.7 2011 (HH in %) Fire-wood Crop residue Cowdung cake LPG/PNG All others 8.9 7.9 28.5 5.3 11.3 11.2 16.9 5.4 6.2 2.6 9.3 3.3 8.6 7.8 33.9 5.6 Total SC ST Gen.
- 37. 67.2 86.2 31.9 79.6 92.1 47.9 89.0 96.2 46.7 61.5 82.8 28.5 Percentage of Households using polluting fuels for cooking within the house - 2011 (HH in %) Total Rural Urban 28.5 Total SC ST Gen. Fire-wood, Crop residue, Cowdung cake, Coal,Lignite,Charcoal and Kerosene have been considered as polluting fuels for the purpose of this presentation.
- 38. (HH in %) 21.0 14.3 35.2 12.0 23.2 25.4 24.8 17.5 37.8 Percentage of Households posessing Scooter/Moter cycle: 2011 Total Rural Urban 14.3 12.0 8.1 9.0 6.4 Total SC ST Gen.
- 39. (HH in %) 9.7 6.2 5.7 10.9 Percentage of Households posessing Car/Jeep/Van: 2011 Total Rural Urban 4.7 2.3 1.8 1.1 4.0 1.6 0.9 5.7 2.8 Total SC ST Gen.
- 40. (HH in %) 44.8 46.2 41.9 45.1 45.6 43.3 36.4 36.2 37.6 45.9 48.1 41.9 Percentage of Households posessing bicycle: 2011 Total Rural Urban Total SC ST Gen.
- 41. (HH in %) 19.9 17.3 25.3 15.8 14.5 19.7 14.2 13.0 21.9 21.6 18.9 26.5 Percentage of Households posessing Radio/Transistor: 2011 Total Rural Urban Total SC ST Gen.
- 42. (HH in %) 57.2 51.1 70.3 53.1 47.0 70.9 34.8 29.1 71.0 61.1 56.1 70.1 Percentage of Households posessing telephone: 2011 Total Rural Urban 29.1 Total SC ST Gen.
- 43. (HH in %) 47.2 33.4 76.7 39.1 29.1 68.5 21.9 64.2 52.5 37.8 78.8 Percentage of Households posessing television: 2011 Total Rural Urban 29.1 21.9 15.2 Total SC ST Gen.
- 44. (HH in %) 9.5 18.7 11.3 14.2 10.8 20.2 Percentage of Households posessing Computer/Laptop: 2011 Total Rural Urban 9.5 5.2 6.5 4.8 5.2 3.8 5.5 Total SC ST Gen.
- 45. (HH in %) 22.9 22.6 26.4 37.3 41.1 Percentage of Households posessing None of the specified assets: 2011 Total Rural Urban 17.8 22.9 7.0 22.6 26.4 11.6 13.5 14.1 18.7 5.9 Total SC ST Gen.
- 46. (HH in %) 58.7 54.4 67.8 50.9 49.2 55.9 45.0 42.8 58.8 62.4 58.0 70.3 Percentage of Households availing banking services: 2011 Total Rural Urban Total SC ST Gen.
- 48. Additions in ST names due to shifting from SC to ST in UttarAdditions in ST names due to shifting from SC to ST in UttarAdditions in ST names due to shifting from SC to ST in UttarAdditions in ST names due to shifting from SC to ST in Uttar PradeshPradeshPradeshPradesh 6. Gond, Dhuria, Nayak, Ojha, Pathari, Raj Gond (districts: Mehrajganj, Sidharth Nagar, Basti, Gorakhpur, Deoria, Mau, Azamgarh, Jonpur, Balia, Gazip ur, Varanasi, Mirzapur and Sonbhadra) 7. Kharwar, Khairwar (district: Deoria, Balia, Ghazipur, Varanasi and Sonbhadra) 8. Saharya (district: Lalitpur) 9. Parahiya (district: Sonbhadra)9. Parahiya (district: Sonbhadra) 10. Baiga (district: Sonbhadra) 11. Pankha, Panika (district: Sonbhadra and Mirzapur) 12. Agariya (district: Sonbhadra) 13. Patari (district: Sonbhadra) 14. Chero (district: Sonbhadra and Varanasi) 15. Bhuiya, Bhuinya (district: Sonbhadra)
- 49. Additions in ST names in OdishaAdditions in ST names in OdishaAdditions in ST names in OdishaAdditions in ST names in Odisha
- 50. Change in area restriction in Madhya PradeshChange in area restriction in Madhya PradeshChange in area restriction in Madhya PradeshChange in area restriction in Madhya Pradesh 34 Panika [ in Umaria, and (ii) Sevda and Datia tehsils of Datia district)] 37 Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, Phans Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia [in (i) Chhindwara, Mandla, Dindori and Seoni districts, (ii) Baihar tehsil of Balaghat district, (iii) Betul, Bhainsdehi and Shahpur tahsils of Betul district, (iv) Patan tahsil and Sihora and Majholi blocks of Jabalpur disitrict, (v) Katni (Murwara) and Vijaya Raghogarh tahsils and Bahoriband and Dhemerkheda blocks of Katni district, (vi) Hoshangabad, Babai, Sohagpur, Pipariya and Bankhedi tahsils and Kesla block of Hoshangabad district, (vii) Narsinghpur district, and (viii) Harsud tahsil of Khandwa district]d