Understanding basic anatomy is essential to proper proportion and perspective.

1. HEADS, HANDS & FEET

2. Note heaviness and roundness of skull

4. Neck muscles attach behind
ears all the way to clavicles

5. Note deepness of eye sockets and strong protrusion of cheekbones

7. FACIAL FEATURES:
Eyes about halfway down head
Bottom half divided in half again at bottom of nose
Lower one-quarter divided in half again at center of mouth

8. Large round skull evident with view fromabove

9. Note large trapezoidal shape of meta carpals

10. Each finger bends

12. Foreshortened hand is flat triangular shape with overlapping oval protrusions making ip fingers

13. Andrea Del Sarto

14. Look at prominence of heel & ankle bones

15. Note how ankle sits straight into
foot bones;
foreshortened foot shows
protrusion of ankle

17. Note how heel is visible behind the long wedge of the foot; note ankle bone

18. Michelangelo

19. Albrecht Durer