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【RecSys2013勉強会】
No. 8-3:

Using Maximum Coverage to Optimize
Recommendation Systems in E-Commerce
by M. Hammar, R. Karlsson and B. Nilsson

担当: 脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)

1

No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)
研究背景


Product Associated Recommendations(PARs)は、売れ筋
ランキング(Best Seller List)との重複しやすいため、PARs
で補助することは難しい



Maximum Coverage Listの場合、PARsと組み合わせるこ
とで、人気のある商品をカバーする確率を最大化するこ
とができる
Best Seller List (B-list)

Maximum Coverage List (M-list)

リスト内の商品の購買経験者

リスト内の商品の購買経験者

購入経験者は一部のユーザになりやすい

リスト内購入経験者数を最大化させる

2

No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)
アルゴリズム


Maximum k-Coverageを用いる。ただし、NP問題である
⇒greedy max coverageで近似解を求める



少なくともMaximum k-Coverageの63%はカバーできる
今回の対象データでは、greedy max coverage(近似解)で、
Maximum k-Coverage(理論値)の99%カバーできている




対象データについては後述

Ageing(ageing model)



B-list、M-list共に利用するデータの鮮度が重要
直近から任意の購買セッション数(window size)遡り、list作成
用のデータとする


3

window sizeは、評価時のパラメータとしている
No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)
Data A(book store)での評価結果




M-listは、B-list及び実際のECサイトで導入され
ているA-listより高い購買数を示している
売上点数では、M-list(list+PARs)はB-listに対し
て3%増。A-listに対しては6%増と改善している
M-list window size=6,500
maximum product points = 4,680

点線はPARsの結果

4

M-list:window内のMaximum Coverage list
B-list:window内での購買点数ランキング
A-list:前日の購買点数ランキング(基準)
C-list:翌日の購買点数ランキング(上限)
全リストとも10商品まで。

C-list

A-list

B-list

論文中のFigure.1の引用

評価対象

ListとPARsの合計でも、M-listの
方が高い購買数を出している

論文中のFigure.3の引用

No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)
Data B(hardware store)での評価結果



M-listは、List単体だとB-listより効果が低い
売上点数では、M-list(list+PARs)はB-listに対し
て8%増と改善している

評価対象
M-list:window内のMaximum Coverage list
B-list:window内での購買点数ランキング
全リストとも10商品まで。
※A-listとC-listはData Bのサイトには存在し
ない。

B-list

M-list

List単体では、B-Listの
方が効果が低い

点線はPARsの結果

ListとPARsの合計では、
M-listの方が高い購買数を出している
論文中のFigure.1の引用

5

論文中のFigure.3の引用

No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)
List内の商品の多様性


ECサイトが持つ商品のトップカテゴリを元に、List内の商
品の多様性を算出


Jaccard距離を利用して定義した指標D(L)を用いる



0→List内の商品のトップカテゴリが全て同じ(多様性が無い)
1→List内の商品のトップカテゴリが全て異なる(多様性が高い)

Data A
 平均はM-listの方が多様性
が僅かに高いが、あまり差
はない
 Data B
 全体的にM-listの方が多様
性が高い

Data A



M-list

Data B

B-list

B-list

Average

0.599

0.588

0.604

0.506

Standard deviation

0.033

0.065

0.021

0.038

Minimum

0.556

0.447

0.589

0.463

Lower quartile

0.586

0.571

0.589

0.494

Median

0.594

0.594

0.600

0.515

Upper quartile

0.617

0.625

0.621

0.526

Maximum

0.640

0.664

0.631

0.558

論文中のTable 3の引用

6

M-list

No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)
レビュー


新規性・独創性[2/5]




PARs(恐らく協調フィルタリングを指していると思われる)が、
購買ランキングとの類似性と高い状況を、Listの変更によって
改善使用としているが、ハイブリッドレコメンドの既往研究事
例が散見される以上、新規性・独創性があると言い難い

有効性・重要性[2/5]



7

近似法であるgreedy max coverageによって、十分に理論値に
近い結果を得られることが示せた点は有益であると思われる
しかし、book storeにおいては既にサイトに導入されている売
上ランキングと余り差はなく、hardware storeにおいてはlist単
体では売上ランキングより効果が低い。評価結果からは、売
り上げランキングと協調フィルタリングなどのレコメンドで十分
な結果が得られるように思える
No. S8-3: 担当:脇山 宗也(リクルートテクノロジーズ)

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[Rec sys2013勉強会]using maximum coverage to optimize recommendation systems in e commerce