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September 26, 2011<br />Parts of Speech 2<br />Making a Point: Topic Sentences<br />

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Housekeeping<br />Website: <br />Dominic, Raymart, Manouchehr, Iman<br />Books: <br />Dominic, Raymart, Ysaura, Mohammed, Manouchehr, Omid, Arezoo<br />Green Box:<br />Marked Work<br />Handouts<br />

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Parts of Speech Review #2<br />

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Articles<br />Articles are a type of adjective that appear before nouns: <br /> the (definite) <br />a, an (indefinite)<br />Ex: Please give me the book. <br /> (Which book? That specific book over there.)<br />Ex: Please give me a book. <br /> (Which book? Any book, I don’t care!)<br />

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Pronouns<br />Pronouns take the place of a noun to avoid repetition and/or add variety:<br />Ex: Sally likes to ride Sally’s bicycle.<br />Sally likes to ride her bicycle.<br />She likes to ride her bicycle.<br />However, careless use can cause confusion.<br />Ex: Sally likes to ride Shari’s bicycle.<br />She likes to ride her bicycle.<br />

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Prepositions<br />Prepositions are words that specify position, direction, or time:<br />She looked around the room.<br />I hid behind the door.<br />He slept during class.<br />She walked toward the door.<br />

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Conjunctions<br />Conjunctions are joining words:<br />and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet<br />They help form compound subjects and verbs:<br />Amir and Jack ran and jumped.<br />They help join independent clauses:<br />Amir wrote the paper, and Jack presented it.<br />

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Interjections<br />Interjections are words or phrases that show strong emotions. <br />Ow! Wow! Oh, no! Ssh! Yuck! Hey!<br />

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Challenge<br />Make a sentence that contains all 9 parts of speech and is grammatically correct.<br />noun<br />verb<br />adjective<br />adverb<br />article<br />pronoun<br />preposition<br />conjunction<br />interjection<br />

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Example<br />Wow! That old woman sings sweetly and<br />Int. adj. adj. noun verb adv. conj.<br /> dances frenetically around the room.<br /> v. adv. prep. art. noun<br />

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Student Sentences<br />Smart Jack was going towards the cinema and he quietly said, “Wow!” because he had seen a big cat.<br />I saw a lion was playing with a little sheep very calmly instead of eating it and I said “Wow! That is impossible.”<br />Well, Dominic, you have to actually write the small paragraph that she asked us for just now.<br />

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Effective Writing<br />Good writing has <br />unity (a single focus)<br />support (details and examples)<br />coherance (clear and logical)<br />sentence skills (grammatically correct)<br />

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Review of Paragraph Structure<br />Start with a topic sentence that clearly defines the main point of your paragraph (unity)<br />Give three reasons to support your point; (support)<br />Provide specific details or examples for each reason (support)<br />Use transition signals to show the relationship between ideas (coherance)<br />

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Begin with a Point, Page 47<br />To understand this idea of “unity” or “focus,” let’s look at some examples in our text.<br />

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Begin with a Point, Page 47<br />Complete the following statement:<br />Paragraph _____ is effective because it makes a clear, single point, in the first sentence and goes on in the remaining sentence to support that point.<br />Discuss your choice with a classmate. <br />

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Topic Sentences<br />should be the first sentence in the paragraph<br />contain the main point of a paragraph<br />give focus to the paragraph (unity)<br />are a promise to the reader about what the paragraph will be about<br />

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Effective Topic Sentences should<br />state one main idea or opinion that could be supported with specific evidence<br />Ex: I hate my Ford Escort.<br />

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Effective Topic Sentences have<br />two main parts<br />the limited topic<br />the writer’s attitude about the topic<br />Ex: I hate my Ford Escort.<br />Ex: My girlfriendis very aggressive.<br />Ex: Votingshould be required by law in Canada.<br />

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Topic Sentences should not<br />“announce” the topic<br />Ex: I want to talk about my Ford Escort.<br />

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Topic Sentences should not<br />be too broad<br />Ex: Many people have problems with their cars.<br />

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Topic Sentences should not<br />be too narrow<br />Ex: My car is a Ford Escort.<br />

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Activity 10, p. 65<br />Read sentences 1-5.<br />Identify (on your own paper) the topic and the idea about the topic (expressed in key words)<br />

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Activity 10, p. 65<br />Billboards should be abolished.<br />My boss is an ambitious man.<br />3. Politicians are often self-serving.<br />4. The apartment needed repairs.<br />5. Television commercials are often insulting.<br />I hate my ford escort.<br />

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Activity 12, p. 68<br />Read each group of supporting details and then try to write a topic sentence for them. <br />(Ask yourself what general topic they have in common and what idea or view about that topic they seem to support.)<br />Do as many as you can in the next 10 minutes. Do not worry if you do not have time to do them all.<br />

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Activity 12, p. 68<br />(Some/our) neighbours don’t like to communicate with others.<br />I don’t like my neighbours.<br />My new neighbours have an unfriendly attitude.<br />2. The dance I went to was a disaster.<br />Last night I hosted a messed up dancing party.<br />An event that I attended was a disaster.<br />3.I would not go to the restaurant that I went to last night ever again.<br />That greek restaurant has a problem with their management.<br />The restaurant we went to was terrible.<br />The service we had at that restaurant last night was disappointing.<br />

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Activity 12, p. 68<br />4. My unforgettable negative experiences during my elementary grades.<br />I had always struggled with learning English.<br />My childhood til now is a memoryof poor memories about school/English.<br />English has always been my worst subject.<br />5. The movie I went to wasn’t worth my money.<br />The stupid movie stole my time. <br />The movie had a bad production.<br />The film is rather a B movie/low budget.<br />

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Homework<br />Review Online lessons on Parts of Speech - be prepared for a brief quiz on Monday!<br />"All Grown Up and Still in Tow” for this Wednesday (next class)<br />Re-read the article as many times as you need to to understand it<br />Vocabulary paragraph for “All Grown Up . . .” (assigned last Wednesday)<br />