Future of engineering technology and the impact it will have on the maintenance industry in terms of IoT, AR, VR, and Automation.

1. 1
Future of Engineering and
Disruption of Maintenance
Chris Kluis, MBA, MSE
Mintek Mobile Data Solutions
Booth 1316

2. Agenda
2
Topics
Past and Present
Evolution of the Computer
ML, AI, AR, and IoT
Future of Engineering

3. 3
Past and Present

4. 4
2.6 million
years old
Author: Jose-Manuel Benito Alvarez
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oldowan_tradition_chopper.jpg
Oldowan Tool from
Tanzania

5. The Ages
5
Stone
2.6 Million
Bronze
3,000 BC
Iron
1,000 BC
http://www.essential-humanities.net/history-overview/stone-
bronze-iron-ages/

6. The Cugnot
Steam Trolley
6
Nicholas-Joseph Cugnot
2nd version created in 1771
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile

7. The First Marcus
Cart, 1870
7
First gasoline powered combustion engine used
on a pushcart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile

8. First mass-producedcar- Model T 1908-1927
8
Ford engine produced 20hp15,000,000 were sold
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_T

9. Model T Ford cost
$850 in 1908
equaling
$21,574.38 in 2017
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Ford_factory_LaBoca.jpg

10. 2017 Ford Mustang
10
47 years later…
• Mustang costs: $25,185 (low-end)
• 18-27 mpg (increased gas mileage 35-100%)
• 300 horsepower (increased approx. 250%)
• Air-conditioning, anti-lock brakes, stability control,
front, side, overhead, and knee airbags, security
system, and 5-star crash rating
https://www.autoblog.com/buy/2017-
Ford-Mustang/safety-features/
1970 Mustang
Cost: $2,721 ($17,160)
120 horsepower
7-20 mpg

11. “If GM had kept up with technology
like the computer industry has, we
would all be driving $25 cars that
got 1,000 MPG.”
- Bill Gates
http://www.wussu.com/humour/gm.htm

12. 12
The Future is Now

13. Model S P100D
13
MSRP: $140,000
Miles: 315 mi, battery only
MPGe: 92 city/105 highway
Horsepower: 691
http://www.motortrend.com/cars/tesla/model-
s/2017/2017-tesla-model-s-p100d-first-test-review/

14. 14
Model 3
MSRP: $35,000+
Miles: 220 mi, battery only
Horsepower: 300
https://www.digitaltrends.com/cars/tesla-model-3-
performance-specs-news-rumors

15. U.S vehicle miles driven vs. fatality rate
15
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
1926 1936 1946 1956 1966 1976 1986 1996 2006 2016
Vehicle miles (tens of billions) Annual deaths per billion miles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_safety_in_the_United_State
s#/media/File:USA_annual_VMT_vs_deaths_per_VMT.png

16. Waymo
16
Google Self—Driving Car
•100,000 miles without an
accident
•Over 1.7 million miles driven
and only 11 accidents
•All accidents were caused by
humans
https://medium.com/basic-income/self-driving-trucks-are-going-
to-hit-us-like-a-human-driven-truck-b8507d9c5961
Fun Fact
Google’s self-driving car pulled over in 2015
in California for driving too slowly - 24 mph in
35 mph zone; cop was unable to ticket the
car.

17. 17
Evolution of the Computer

18. First Computers
18
First Mechanical
Computer
First Electronic Digital
Computer
First Programmable
Computer
Charles Babbage
1822
John Atanasoff
1903
Konrad Zuse
1936
https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000984.htm

19. Cray-1
1976-1982
19
• Speed: 160 megaflops
• Cost: $8,860,000
• Cost per Teraflop: $58,064,896,000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray-1

20. The Cray Y-MP
1988-1989
20
• Speed: 2.144-2.667 gigaflops
• Cost: $20,000,000
• Cost per Teraflop: $7,679,040,119
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Y-MP
Fun Fact
20 years later, the Cray Y-MP that would
have cost you $20 million would barely be
able to run Windows Vista.

21. Earth Simulator
2002-2004
21
• Speed: 35.86 teraflops
• Cost: $540,716,400
• Cost per Teraflop: $15,078,538
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Simulator
Supercomputer, 2017
35.86 teraflops
Cost: $3,122

22. Xbox One X
2017
22
• Speed: 6 teraflops
• Cost: $499
• Cost per Teraflop: $83
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_One#/media/File:Microsoft-Xbox-
One-S-Console-FL.jpg

23. 23
Comparing Technology
Equivalents
iPhone 8, 2017
$699
850 Mhz
Cray-1, 1976
$8,860,000
244 Mhz
https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000984.htm

24. Average Historic Price of Ram
24
1985-2015
$859,375.00
$103,880.00
$30,875.00
$1,107.00 $189.00 $12.37 $5.50 $4.94 $4.37
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
900000
1000000
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2013 2014 2015
Average cost per gigabyte
http://www.statisticbrain.com/average-historic-price-of-ram/

25. Machine Learning (ML) and
Artificial Intelligence (AI)

26. Artificial Intelligence
26
How Does AI Benefit You?
• Google - Search
• Alexa and Siri - Personal assistants
• Tesla - Self-driving cars
• Netflix – Movie recommendations
• Nest - Smart thermostat
Artificial Intelligence - The theory and development of
computer systems able to perform tasks that normally
require human intelligence.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertadams/2017/01/10/10-powerful-
examples-of-artificial-intelligence-in-use-today/2/#27e49aac3c8b

27. 27
A.I. engineers paid
$345,000 each to
replace thousands of
jobs with robots
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/22/technology/artificial-
intelligence-experts-salaries.html?_r=0
Google acquired A.I. Lab DeepMind
for $650 million in 2014

28. AI can predict heart attacks
more accurately than doctors
28
American Heart Association’s 8-point
checklist accurately detects patients heart risk
by 72.8%
Algorithms outperformed the 8-point checklist
by 7.6% and raising 1.6% fewer false alarms
AI system could’ve saved 355 extra lives in a
12-month period out of the 83,000 patient
records.
1
2
3
https://www.engadget.com/2017/04/16/ai-can-predict-heart-attacks-
more-accurately-than-doctors/
20 million people die each year
due to cardiovascular disease

29. 29
Google’s Deep
Learning AI project
diagnoses cancer
with 89% accuracy
vs. 73% by human
doctor
http://www.ibtimes.sg/googles-deep-learning-ai-project-diagnoses-
cancer-faster-pathologists-8092

30. JPMorgan Automation
Software
30
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-02-28/jpmorgan-
marshals-an-army-of-developers-to-automate-high-finance
COIN interprets loan agreements in
seconds what took lawyers 360,000
hours
Bank created its own cloud-computing
software making 20,000 developers
more productive
Bots are expected to handle 1.7 million
access requests in 2017, doing the work
of 140 people
1
2
3
COIN, Learning Machine Software for
JPMorgan Chase and Co.

31. How AI Could Transform
MaintenanceIndustry
31
• Asset managers using predictive analytics
to determine warning system of assets
• Automate inspectiondata and checklists for
assets
• Automaticallygenerate work orders before
broken assets
• Aids in knowledge transfer for new hires
https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/08/cognitiv-is-using-ai-for-
contract-analysis-and-tracking/?ncid=rss

32. Industries Losing to AI
32

33. 33
Farming

34. 34
http://investeddevelopment.com/2013/06/the-impact-
of-technology-in-agriculture/
0
5
10
15
20
25
$0.00
$2,000.00
$4,000.00
$6,000.00
$8,000.00
$10,000.00
$12,000.00
$14,000.00
$16,000.00
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Employment in Agriculture vs. GDP Growth in U.S.
GDP in Billions of Current USD Agriculture Employment (percentage of total employment)

35. 35
May 6, 2015, the first self-driving truck hit the
American road in Nevada
1
2
Daimler Freightliner Truck- First self-driving truck
3
4
Trucks will be decade-long testing phase, over
A million miles before being deemed fit for function
Robot trucks don’t need salaries
Complete autonomous capability will be here by
2022 and mass market penetration by 2026
https://medium.com/basic-income/self-driving-trucks-are-going-to-hit-
us-like-a-human-driven-truck-b8507d9c5961

36. 36
Title with all capitals over
image background
Lettuceweeding-
Cost of robots
matches human labor
3.2 million farmers,
ranchers, and
agricultural managers
in U.S.
https://qz.com/726667/cheap-robots-are-coming-for-our-farm-jobs-by-
taking-the-most-brutal-tasks-first/ux Research

37. Farmers turn to AI to
grow better crops
37
• It took 8,000 employees to do what AI
could in 1 week
• NatureSweets weekly harvests have grown
2 to 4%
• CIO believes AI will eventually improve his
greenhouses tomato yields by 20%
NatureSweet, tomato company using AI to better
control pests and diseases in greenhouses.
http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/technology/future/farming-ai-
tomatoes/index.html

38. 38
Manufacturing

39. 20 million
worked in factories
assembling consumer products in 1980
Americans
https://medium.freecodecamp.org/we-cant-bring-back-the-
old-manufacturing-jobs-12214a0ab057

40. 40
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
$-
$200.00
$400.00
$600.00
$800.00
$1,000.00
$1,200.00
$1,400.00
$1,600.00
$1,800.00
$2,000.00
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Thousands
BillionsDollars
Manufacturing Output vs. Employment
1947-2011
Manufacturing Output (left) Manufacturing Employment (right)
BEA, BLS
https://medium.freecodecamp.org/we-cant-bring-back-the-old-
manufacturing-jobs-12214a0ab057

41. 41Scott Santens – scottsantens.com
https://medium.com/basic-income/the-real-story-of-
automation-beginning-with-one-simple-chart-8b95f9bad71b

42. Automated Factory in China
42
Changying Precision Technology Company
60 robot arms working 10 production lines
3 humans monitor robots
Before robots arrived, the factory needed
650 human workers now it needs 30
Defect rate dropped by 400%
1
2
3
4
https://medium.freecodecamp.org/we-cant-bring-
back-the-old-manufacturing-jobs-12214a0ab057

43. 2,4001 Robot vs. 200 People
8 hours
43
https://twitter.com/HumanVsMachine/status/88
1174606027030529

44. 44
RightPick collects
items at a rate of
500-600/HR-same
speed as a human
https://qz.com/952240/righthand-robotics-has-automated-a-new-
type-of-warehouse-work-that-could-help-amazon-amzn/
RightHand robotics, automates the process of
recognizing and picking up items from boxes

45. 45
Truck Drivers

46. Most Common Jobs in 2014
46
Software Developer
Truck Driver
Farmer
Other
NPR, https://medium.com/basic-income/self-driving-trucks-are-
going-to-hit-us-like-a-human-driven-truck-b8507d9c5961

47. 21%
Demand for
Trucks in 2020
47
https://medium.com/basic-income/self-driving-trucks-are-going-
to-hit-us-like-a-human-driven-truck-b8507d9c5961

48. 48
38%U.S. jobs taken over by
robots within 15 years
http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-pwc-robotics-
jobs-20170324-story.html

49. Technology in AR and VR
49

50. Magic Sudoku with AR
Magic sudoku app solves sudoku puzzles with
machine learning and augmented reality.
Brad Dwyer, magicsudoku.com
https://twitter.com/hashtag/madewitharkit?src=hash

51. Infrared thermographyfor
mechanical applications
51
Electrical Systems - Faulty electrical connections
and overloaded circuits
Mechanical Equipment - Abnormal warm motors
or bearing failures
Building Applications - Missing insulation,
infiltration, or moisture damage
Fluid Systems -Line blockages, tank levels, or
pipe temperatures
1
2
3
4
Thermovision image heating plant chimney
http://www.reliableplant.com/Read/20181/infrared-
thermography-mechanical

52. 52
Title with all capitals over
image background
Computer Vision
Industrial AR applications-
Visual inertial odometry and
AR mapping technology
DAQRI
Visual Operating System-
4D viewer and remote
expert features
Daqri AR Platform Technology
https://daqri.com/technology/ar-platform/

53. UpSkill - Connectingyour Workforce throughAR
53
Receive tasks guidance through
real-time content
Track task progress, complete
orders, checklists and send media
Capture and share knowledge
for training purposes
https://upskill.io/skylight/skylight-overview/

54. 54

55. 50 billion
machines
will be connected
http://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/industrial
-internet-at-General-Electric.pdf
on the internet by 2020

56. Vibration Analysis
56
Vibration analysis used to improve internal
processes and monitor the total help of facilities.
Acme used vibration analysis on thousands of
their machines in their manufacturing facility and
most efficient on their rotating equipment.
Acme Industrial
Acme engineers will attach
accelerometers to each of the machines
sending vibration data to the Cloud.
56
https://www.losant.com/blog/using-iot-and-machine-learning-
for-industrial-predictive-maintenance

57. GuestroomAutomation
57
Starwood hotels implementing smart
home make the customer feel
comfortable and also increasing
energy savings for their hotels.
’Daylight Harvesting’ – Save energy by
automatically adjusting the lighting
based on natural light detected in the
room.
https://www.hotel-online.com/press_releases/release/7-trends-
for-the-internet-of-things-in-hospitality

58. Source: Terrence O’Hanlon reliabilityweb.com
https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6
329363657956302848/

59. If you are tracking 16 meters
manually with a labor cost of
$16/hour:
59
1 check per day $3,840
1 per hour $92,160
1 per minute* $2,242,560
1 per second IMPOSSIBLE
*Dedicated employee sitting in front of meter
https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/08/cognitiv-is-using-ai-for-
contract-analysis-and-tracking/?ncid=rss

60. 60
Manufacturers making IIoT work for them
1
2
Airbus – Airline that has a factory worker on the
ground using a tablet to assess tasks and sends that
information to a robotic tool to complete it.
3
4
Siemens – Builds automated machines for BMW in
Germany and their factory is 75% automated with
1,150 employees watching the machines.
MAN – A technology that tracks a truck’s raw
data in real-time and translates the report to
consumers.
CGI –Predictive maintenance solution for elevators
connecting sensors and systems within elevators
to monitor temperature and shaft adjustment.
60
https://internetofbusiness.com/9-examples-
manufacturers-iiot/

61. 61
Drones

62. Drones and Engineering-Aerones IndustrialDrones
62
Optimize Project and
Maintenance Costs
Reduce Worker’s
Exposure
Real-Time Information
for Companies
https://www.aerones.com/eng/news/?text_id=10

63. Drone changing a
lightbulb
Viral video in 2016 of drone changing
lightbulb - Baczynski
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0zI56bel1fM
https://www.cnet.com/news/drone-attempt-to-
change-light-bulb/
Successfully changed lightbulb in 2017 -
Baczynski
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VrxNehQeUgQ

64. 64
How to Future Proof Your Job

65. 65
Appendix
Recommended reading:
Ø Scott Suntans: The Real Story of Automation
Ø Kevin Drum: You Will Lose Your Job to a Robot
Ø Darrell Etherington: GM’s Cruise sets special self-driving event
Ø Tristan Greene: Google’s DeepMind breakthroughs at a terrifying pace
Ø Fabricio Teixeira: How AI will impact your routine as a designer