3. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY
• ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY MACHINE
• RENAL FAILURE
• CAUSE OF RENAL FAILURE
• SYMPTOMS OF RENAL FAILURE
• DIET FOR RENAL PATIENT
• NECESSARY FOR DIALYSIS
• CENSUS
• CONCLUSION
4. Artificial Kidney
The haemo dialyzer or artificial kidney is a
machine used to filter the blood of a person
whose kidneys are damaged.
Consists :- cellophane tube dialyzing fluid.
Used :-kidneys are struggling to function,
and kidneys have reached the state of
acute failure. And it also uses a semi-permeable
membrane.
Function:- Most important functions of the
kidneys is the filtering of unwanted
chemicals and excess water from our blood.
5. ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY PROCESS
Haemodialysis :
The separation of small molecules
from large molecules by semi
permeable membrane.
Uses:- To remove excess water and
salt, and balance the other electrolytes
in the body, and to remove waste
products of metabolism.
.
6. PROCEDURE OF HAEMODIALYSIS
Haemo dialysis Machine is also called Artificial
Kidney. During haemo dialysis the patients
artery is connected with haemo dialysis
machine. Then blood is passed through a
cellophane tube immersed in a dialysis fluid.
Heparin is used as anticoagulant . Then blood
remove the toxic waste product and restores
the normal electrolyte conc. In the plasma. The
dialysed blood return back to the patient body
through a peripheral vein. This process is
usually last about 3_4 hours each week.
7. RENAL FAILURE
Renal failure (also kidney
failure or renal insufficiency) is
a medical condition in which
the kidneys fail to adequately
filter waste products from the
blood.
8. CAUSE OF RENAL FAILURE
•Diabetes
•Hypertension
•Inflammation of the kidney
•Malaria
•Polycystic kidney disease
• Jaundice
•Over consumption of some medications
•Crush syndrome (accidental causes)
• Uraemia
9. •SYMPTOMS OF RENAL FAILURE
Shortness of breath
Blood in urine
Protein in urine
Anaemia
Fatigue
Abnormal heart rhythms
Muscle paralysis
Pain in the back
10. Diet For Renal Patient
Fluid & Fluid Control: Drink only when
thirsty(Too much fluid may cause swelling,
shortness of breath, or high blood
pressure).
Lower phosphorus food : (Broccoli,Non-dairy
milk)
Low-potassium foods: (Fruits Vegetables
Other Food)
11. Protein :(We need both high quality
and low quality) Protein is needed to
maintain muscles, building resistance
to infections, repair and replace body
tissue. Eating less protein may be
helpful in reducing our blood urea
levels.
Sodium:Sodium is needed (controlling
muscle contractions, balancing fluids,
and controlling blood pressure).
12. NECESSARY OF DIALYASIS
Approximately 1,500 liters of blood are
filtered by a healthy person's kidneys each
day. If waste products are not removed
from our kidneys. People whose kidneys
either do not work properly build up of
waste in their blood. Without dialysis the
amount of waste products in the blood
would increase and eventually reach
levels that would cause coma and
death.Dialysis is also used to rapidly
remove toxins or drugs from the blood.
13. .
CENSUS
At present in India, of the 1.5 lakh
new patients who suffer from end-stage
renal failure annually, only
3,500 get kidney transplants and
6,000-10,000 undergo dialysis.
14.
15. CONCLUSION
The use of the artificial kidney is
entirely safe, and when used as an
adjunct to the dietary regime of patients
with acute reversible renal failure it can
be life-saving in some instances. The
patients who fall into the moderate
group usually require a dialysis 7–10
days after the onset of renal failure.
