History Day @ Your Library 2010

1. Copyright or Copyleft:
Creative Commons Resources
for Research and Teaching

2. CopyrightCopyright
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution
Noncommercial Share Alike 3.0 License.

3. United States Congress, Article 1, section 8United States Congress, Article 1, section 8
clause 8:clause 8:
Congress shall have power:
To promote the progress of science and
useful arts, by securing for limited times
to authors and inventors the exclusive
right to their respective writings and
discoveries

4. Copyright LawCopyright Law
Copyright law protects creative works or works of
authorship.
This includes books, newspapers and other writings, music, art,
photography, films, choreography, architecture, computer
software and maps.
Copyright law grants exclusive rights to the copyright
owner, including:
Reproduction rights, distribution rights, right to creative
adaptations or derivative works, performance and display
rights.

5. Copyright law does not protectCopyright law does not protect
•Facts
•Ideas – a work must be fixed in a “tangible medium
of expression”
•Things which are in the public domain, either
because the copyright has expired or because it was
dedicated to the public domain
•Works created by US government employees, blank
forms, laws and court decisions, recipes, words and
most short phrases, and “common property” works
such as calendars.

6. Obtaining copyright protectionObtaining copyright protection
Registration is not required, but:
– You’ll need to register your work before
being able to enforce your claims in a
court of law.
– If you have registered your work within
the first 3 months of publishing, and you
win a lawsuit, you may ask for your legal
fees to be covered by the other party.
How to register your work
– Request a registration form from the
Copyright Office, housed in the Library
of Congress. Their website is
http://www.loc.gov/copyright
– Return the form with the required filing
fee and requested copies of the work. In
12-16 weeks you should receive a
certificate of registration.

7. Copyright noticeCopyright notice
Additionally, though not required, it is a good idea to
put a notice of copyright on your work.
The notice contains either ©, or the word
Copyright, or both, followed by the year of
publication and the copyright owner. It might look
something like this:
Copyright 2007 Jennifer DeJonghe
If the notice is visible on the work, a defendant may
not use an “innocent infringement” defense.

8. Why have copyright?Why have copyright?
Copyright law is designed to
advance the progress of knowledge
by protecting an author’s ability to
profit from their creativity
Too little copyright protection
could encourage “piracy” which
may discourage artistic creation and
would hinder the growth of
knowledge
–Too much copyright protection
could also freeze new authorship
and hinder the growth of
knowledge. Or it would put
new knowledge only in the hands
of the rich

9. Selling or transferring the rights to yourSelling or transferring the rights to your
workwork

10. The “Fair Use” exception to copyrightThe “Fair Use” exception to copyright
protectionprotection
(section 107 of copyright code)(section 107 of copyright code)
Designed to encourage the
advancement of knowledge and
free flow of ideas
Allows use of copyrighted material
without permission for
educational and research
purposes, news reporting and
criticism in certain conditions
and if the value of the copyrighted
work is not diminished.

11. The following factors are considered when FairThe following factors are considered when Fair
Use is claimed:Use is claimed:
1. The purpose and character of the use. The more
“transformative” the work is, the more justified
the fair use claim.
2. The type of work involved. More protection is
given to works of fancy, and less to works of
research and factual works.
3. The amount and importance of the material used
– whether the material used reflects the “heart”
of the work.
4. The effect of use on potential market.

12. Teach Act of 2002
(Technology, Education and Copyright
Harmonization Act)

13. The Value of the Public
Domain
•When copyright
protection on a work
expires it becomes part of
the public domain.
•Many great works are
now in the public domain,
and you can adapt them,
perform, use them in your
film score etc. without
paying for rights.

14. Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA) ofCopyright Term Extension Act (CTEA) of
19981998
Also known as the Sony Bono law or the Mickey
Mouse Protection Act
Extended copyright protection by 20 years. Is now life
of the author plus 70 years and for works of
corporate authorship to 120 years after creation or
95 years after publication, whichever endpoint is
earlier
To determine when something goes into the public
domain, you can use a chart here:
http://www.copyright.cornell.edu/public_domain/

15. The Digital Millennium Copyright ActThe Digital Millennium Copyright Act
(DMCA) of 1998(DMCA) of 1998
The DCMA Increases copyright protection for
works transmitted over the internet.
If a copyright owner finds that their work is being used without
their permission and compensation, the website, the ISP, search
engines etc. can all be served with DMCA takedown notices.
Search Engines, ISPs etc. are protected from liability, as long as they
comply with the takedown requests.
The DCMA Criminalizes
efforts to circumvent DRM
technology.
DRM is technology that is used
to protect copyrighted material
online. It is used by iTunes,

16. Criticism of the DMCACriticism of the DMCA
Some believe that it is too easy to make copyright
challenges, and too difficult to fight a takedown
notice.
Software research and cryptography may be stifled and
DRM software may be uncompetititive due to the
protections.
The DMCA undermines the “First Sale” doctrine of the
US copyright act, which allows you to do what you
choose with a purchased item – such as sell, copy, or
print it.

17. Copyleft
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Copyleft.svg

18. http://creativecommons.org/

19. License Conditions
http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses

20. Licenses
Attribution
Attribution Share Alike
Attribution No Derivatives
Attribution Non-Commercial
Attribution Non-Commercial
Share Alike
Attribution Non-Commercial
No Derivatives
http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses

21. http://search.creativecommons.org/

22. Searching
for Creative
Commons
Resources
http://www.flickr.com/photos/k8s/358282497

23. Images
Karin http://www.flickr.com/photos/nirak/2282406809/

24. Compfight
http://compfight.com/

25. Flickr: The Commons
http://www.flickr.com/commons

26. http://www.flickr.com/photos/k8s/5100743175
Multimedia
Resources

27. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
Wikimedia Commons

28. ccMixter
http://dig.ccmixter.or

29. http://www.archive.org/details/o
pensource_movies
Community Video

30. Books
http://www.flic
kr.com/photos/k
8s/4274927405/

31. http://wiki.creativecommo
ns.org/Books

32. http://craphou
nd.com/littlebr
other/downloa
d/

33. http://www.zotero.org/
http://www.easybi
b.com/
Citation
Management
Tools

34. http://www.flickr.com/photos/nikonvscanon/472167639