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Intro to MELNHE
Elser et al. (2007) Ecology Letters
Intro to MELNHE
• Co-limitation: adding 2
resources together
increases productivity
more so than adding
either alone
• Lots of interest; limited
mechanistic
understanding
• MELNHE study
conceived to examine
co-limitation in more
detail
Thirteen forest stands:
• 3 sites: Hubbard Brook (HB), Jeffers Brook (JB),
Bartlett (BEF)
• 3 ages: young (~30 yrs), mid (~45 yrs), and mature
(>100 yrs)
• Color-coded
General question:
• Is forest productivity co-limited by N and P?
So far (among many results):
• Tree growth limited primarily by P (2011-2015;
Goswami et al. 2018)
• No obvious co-limitation detected
N:
30 kg/ha/yr
P:
10 kg/ha/yr
N+P
Control
One forest stand: four 50
x 50 m treatment plots
NxP fertilization initiated in 2011
Testing limitation
control nutrient addition
Limitation is inferred if added
nutrient increases growth
What about belowground?
Testing limitation of root growth
control nutrient addition
Limitation is inferred if added
nutrient increases growth
What about belowground?
(1) Direct nutrient limitation of root
growth
Testing limitation of root growth
control nutrient addition
Limitation is inferred if added
nutrient increases growth
What about belowground?
(1) Direct nutrient limitation of root
growth
(2) Allocation response to
aboveground limitation
- alleviating aboveground
limitation reduces growth
Testing limitation of root growth
control
nutrient-rich
patch (hotspot)
Limitation is inferred if added
nutrient increases growth
What about belowground?
(1) Direct nutrient limitation of root
growth
(2) Allocation response to
aboveground limitation
- alleviating aboveground
limitation reduces growth
- foraging response to nutrient
heterogeneity
Testing limitation of root growth
Question:
Is root growth controlled by
(1) belowground nutrient limitation, or
(2) allocation in response to aboveground
limitation?
(Shan et al. in review)
Used root ingrowth cores in 3 mature
forest stands, 2014.
Root growth: 3 mature stands
Fine root growth was
greater in response to N
addition (direct nutrient
limitation)
No response to P addition
(Shan et al. in review)
*
Root growth: 3 mature stands
Fine roots foraged for P
(allocation response to
aboveground limitation)
Phosphorus hotspot
Control soil
(Shan et al. in review)
Fine root ingrowth length (cm/core)
Conclusions
Fine roots forage for P but
their growth is limited by N
Whole-tree growth may be
co-limited by N and P
Does N limit P acquisition?
Acknowledgements:
Funding from LTER, NSF,
USDA; support from HBEF,
BEF; participation of many
students
P limitation
N limitation

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Could co-limitation be caused by different nutrients limiting shoots and roots? Melany Fisk

  • 2. Elser et al. (2007) Ecology Letters Intro to MELNHE • Co-limitation: adding 2 resources together increases productivity more so than adding either alone • Lots of interest; limited mechanistic understanding • MELNHE study conceived to examine co-limitation in more detail
  • 3. Thirteen forest stands: • 3 sites: Hubbard Brook (HB), Jeffers Brook (JB), Bartlett (BEF) • 3 ages: young (~30 yrs), mid (~45 yrs), and mature (>100 yrs) • Color-coded General question: • Is forest productivity co-limited by N and P? So far (among many results): • Tree growth limited primarily by P (2011-2015; Goswami et al. 2018) • No obvious co-limitation detected N: 30 kg/ha/yr P: 10 kg/ha/yr N+P Control One forest stand: four 50 x 50 m treatment plots NxP fertilization initiated in 2011
  • 4. Testing limitation control nutrient addition Limitation is inferred if added nutrient increases growth What about belowground?
  • 5. Testing limitation of root growth control nutrient addition Limitation is inferred if added nutrient increases growth What about belowground? (1) Direct nutrient limitation of root growth
  • 6. Testing limitation of root growth control nutrient addition Limitation is inferred if added nutrient increases growth What about belowground? (1) Direct nutrient limitation of root growth (2) Allocation response to aboveground limitation - alleviating aboveground limitation reduces growth
  • 7. Testing limitation of root growth control nutrient-rich patch (hotspot) Limitation is inferred if added nutrient increases growth What about belowground? (1) Direct nutrient limitation of root growth (2) Allocation response to aboveground limitation - alleviating aboveground limitation reduces growth - foraging response to nutrient heterogeneity
  • 8. Testing limitation of root growth Question: Is root growth controlled by (1) belowground nutrient limitation, or (2) allocation in response to aboveground limitation? (Shan et al. in review) Used root ingrowth cores in 3 mature forest stands, 2014.
  • 9. Root growth: 3 mature stands Fine root growth was greater in response to N addition (direct nutrient limitation) No response to P addition (Shan et al. in review) *
  • 10. Root growth: 3 mature stands Fine roots foraged for P (allocation response to aboveground limitation) Phosphorus hotspot Control soil (Shan et al. in review) Fine root ingrowth length (cm/core)
  • 11. Conclusions Fine roots forage for P but their growth is limited by N Whole-tree growth may be co-limited by N and P Does N limit P acquisition? Acknowledgements: Funding from LTER, NSF, USDA; support from HBEF, BEF; participation of many students P limitation N limitation