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Chemistry
                       Chapter 2 - Section 1
                                       Chemical
                                      Formulas &
                                       Equations




                                              
Monday, July 9, 2012
Physical or Chemical?




Monday, July 9, 2012
Physical or Chemical?




Monday, July 9, 2012
Physical or Chemical?

                              Yeast
                                +
                        Hydrogen Peroxide
                                =
                             ???????

Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Reaction?




Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Reaction?

                               A process that
                                 produces a
                              chemical change




Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Equations




Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Equations




Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Equations




        Substances that
        exist before the
        reaction begins
Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Equations




        Substances that          Substances that
        exist before the         form as a result
        reaction begins          of the reaction
Monday, July 9, 2012
Describe What is Happening




Monday, July 9, 2012
Describe What is Happening

                           I use a
                          chemical
                        equation to
                          know the
                         reactants,
                       products and
                       proportions
                           of each
                         substance.
Monday, July 9, 2012
Describe What is Happening




Monday, July 9, 2012
Describe What is Happening


                         My Chemical
                       Equation can use
                            words,
                       chemical names,
                         or formulas.



Monday, July 9, 2012
Using Words

    Baking Soda + Vinegar -->
                     Gas + White Solid

    Charcoal + Oxygen -->
                     Ash + Gas + Heat



Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Names


 Acidic Acid + Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate -->

                   Sodium Acetate + Water + Carbon Dioxide




Monday, July 9, 2012
Chemical Formula’s
 CH3COOH + NaHCO3 --> CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
            Acetic       Sodium      Sodium    Water   Carbon
            Acid         Hydrogen    Acetate           Dioxide
                         Carbonate




Monday, July 9, 2012
Arrows and Subscript




Monday, July 9, 2012
It’s All a Balancing Act




Monday, July 9, 2012
Conserve That Mass




Monday, July 9, 2012
Conserve That Mass

      The mass of the products must be
      the same as the mass of the
      reactants in the chemical reaction.




Monday, July 9, 2012
Conserve That Mass

      The mass of the products must be
      the same as the mass of the
      reactants in the chemical reaction.

      Atoms are never lost of created in
      a chemical reaction; however they
      do change partners.

Monday, July 9, 2012
Conserve That Mass




Monday, July 9, 2012
Let’s Try

                          Tarnishing silver....

                       Ag + H2S --> Ag2S + H2
                                Hydrogen   Silver
                       Silver   sulfide              Hydrogen
                                           Sulfide




Monday, July 9, 2012
Let’s Try




Monday, July 9, 2012
Let’s Try

                       Na + AlCl3 --> NaCl + Al
                       KBr + Cl2 --> KCl + Br2
                         H2O2 --> H20 + O2




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy in a Chemical
                            Equation




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy in a Chemical
                            Equation
        Energy is often released or absorbed
         during a chemical reaction.




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released

        Where does this energy come from?




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released

        Where does this energy come from?
        You have to think about the chemical
         bonds of the reactants and the
         products, in order to answer this
         question.




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released

        When energy is released, the products
         are more stable, and their bonds have
         less energy than those of the
         reactants.




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released

        When energy is released, the products
         are more stable, and their bonds have
         less energy than those of the
         reactants.
        The extra energy is released in
         different forms: light, sound, thermal
         energy.


Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Absorbed




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Absorbed

               When energy is absorbed, the
                reactants are more stable, and their
                bonds have less energy than those
                of the products.




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Absorbed

               When energy is absorbed, the
                reactants are more stable, and their
                bonds have less energy than those
                of the products.
               The extra energy needed to form
                the products can be supplied in the
                form of electricity, light, sound,
                thermal energy.

Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released
                       2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O + energy




Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released
                       2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O + energy



                       2H2O + energy --> 2H2 + O2



Monday, July 9, 2012
Energy Released
                       2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O + energy

                          Energy Absorbed
                       2H2O + energy --> 2H2 + O2



Monday, July 9, 2012
When thermal energy is
                 gained or lost, special
                   terms are used….




Monday, July 9, 2012
When thermal energy is
                 gained or lost, special
                   terms are used….




Monday, July 9, 2012
When thermal energy is
                 gained or lost, special
                   terms are used….




Monday, July 9, 2012
When thermal energy is
                 gained or lost, special
                   terms are used….




                       Absorb    Release
                       thermal   thermal
                       energy    energy
Monday, July 9, 2012
Endothermic or Exothermic
         Absorb or Release
         Quickly or Slowly




Monday, July 9, 2012
Adding ENERGY to the
                            equation




Monday, July 9, 2012
Finished!




Monday, July 9, 2012

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Chemistry 2.1