Scientific method and si units UPDATED

Scientific Method,[object Object]

Scientific Method,[object Object],Systematic approach used in scientific studies,[object Object],A logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing a hypothesis, and formulating theories that are supported by data,[object Object]

Scientific Method,[object Object],[object Object]

“Method” means there is a consistent and reproducible way of doing something

If you need to determine a solution then you must havea problem.,[object Object]

DataMake observations and state the problem,[object Object],2. Gather information about the problem,[object Object],3. Form a hypothesis,[object Object],Suggested solution to the problem,[object Object],[object Object],4. Design/conduct an experiment,[object Object],5. Gather/analyze data,[object Object],information from an experiment,[object Object],6. Form conclusion based on data and determine whether hypothesis was correct or incorrect with support data,[object Object]

Steps of the Scientific Method,[object Object],• Observation,[object Object],• Problem Statement ,[object Object],• Hypothesis Statement,[object Object],• Experiment / Data Collection,[object Object],• Conclusion Statement,[object Object]

Steps of the Scientific Method,[object Object]

Types of Observation,[object Object],Qualitative Data and observations (QL),[object Object],Color, shape, odor, or other physical characteristics,[object Object],Quantitative Data and observations (QN),[object Object],Numerical information such as temperature, pressure, volume, the quantity of a chemical formed,[object Object]

Make Observations!,[object Object],Qualitative Observations,[object Object],Color,[object Object],Smell,[object Object],Texture,[object Object],Shape,[object Object],Anything regarding the Appearance,[object Object],Quantitative Observations,[object Object],Length,[object Object],Volume,[object Object],Mass,[object Object],Temperature,[object Object],Speed,[object Object],Density,[object Object],Any type of measurement,[object Object]

Scientific method and si units UPDATED

Variable,[object Object],What does variable mean?,[object Object],To change…,[object Object]

Variables,[object Object],Independent Variable (IV),[object Object],aka manipulated variable,[object Object],Only ONE!!!,[object Object],The one the INDividual (YOU) physically change/manipulate,[object Object],Dependent Variable (DV),[object Object],aka the responding variable,[object Object],Only ONE!!!,[object Object],The one that changes (or you hope will change) when you change the IV,[object Object],The one you are collecting data about/measuring,[object Object],Constant Variables,[object Object],MANY of these,[object Object],All the things you want to keep the SAME (do NOT change),[object Object]

Variables,[object Object],You should be able to identify the IV and DV from your PS!!!!,[object Object]

Formula: ,[object Object],If…(state what will be done to the IV), then…(state what is predicted to happen to the DV),[object Object]

CLASS WORKName That Variable!Control (1):Constants(2) :Independent (1): Dependent (1):Hypotheses (1):,[object Object],1. An experiment that tests how quickly different temperatures will dissolve sugar cubes. ,[object Object],2. An experiment that explores how different colors of light impact plant growth. ,[object Object],3. How does the temperature of a chemical reaction change over time? ,[object Object]

Experiment,[object Object],a planned way to test a hypothesis and find out the answer to the problem statement.,[object Object],a way to collect data and determine the value of the DV.,[object Object],compares the IV to the DV.,[object Object],can only test one DV at a time and change one IV at a time,[object Object]

Experiment,[object Object],Variables ,[object Object],Materials and Procedures,[object Object],Data and Results Section,[object Object],Include observations (QL and QN),[object Object],Pictures/tables/graphs/calculations ,[object Object]

Why Do We Use Graphs? ,[object Object],Graphs help us visualize numerical data.,[object Object],•There are several different types of graphs:,[object Object],Bargraphs: compare multiple objects,[object Object],Piegraphs: shows relationships of parts to a whole,[object Object],Linegraphs: show the relationship between 2 variable,[object Object]

Types of Relationships (between variables),[object Object],Direct: as x increases y increases,[object Object],Indirect: as x increases y decreases,[object Object],Constant: as x increases y remains the same,[object Object]

Problem,[object Object],A suggested solution to the problem Gathering,[object Object]

Conclusion Statement ,[object Object],Do NOT use 1st person ,[object Object],Me, my, I, we, our, etc…,[object Object],VERY Objective,[object Object], a summarization that presents the findings of the experiment, what the data shows, and states if the hypothesis was correct (supported) or incorrect (negated),[object Object],Restate PS,[object Object],Restate HYP,[object Object],Summarize M&P,[object Object],Analyze and explain data/results (tables, observations, pictures),[object Object],State whether HYP was correct or not and EXPLAIN why,[object Object],Explain possible errors,[object Object],Explain ways to improve experiment/research,[object Object],Explain APPLICATION to biology and society ,[object Object]

After we accept a hypothesis, experiment, and draw a conclusion…,[object Object],Many conclusions that support each other make up a THEORY,[object Object],Explanation supported by many, many conclusions,[object Object],Many conclusions that support each other over a period of time,[object Object],Atomic Theory,[object Object],Theory of Relativity,[object Object],CAN be DISPROVEN,[object Object],“The world is flat”,[object Object],SCIENTIFIC LAW,[object Object],A relationship in nature that is supported by many, many experiments,[object Object],No exceptions,[object Object],Law of Gravity,[object Object]

At least 3 trials..,[object Object],Accuracy,[object Object],How close to a measured value a measurement is,[object Object],capable of providing a correct reading or measurement,[object Object],'correct',[object Object],A measurement is accurate if it correctly reflects the size of the thing being measured.,[object Object],Precision,[object Object],Ability to get the same value more than once (regardless of it is the right value or not),[object Object],exact, as in performance, execution, or amount,[object Object],repeatable, reliable, getting the same measurement each time,[object Object]

This is a precise pattern, but not accurate. The darts are clustered together but did not hit the intended mark. ,[object Object],This pattern is both precise and accurate. The darts are tightly clustered and their average position is the center of the bull's eye. ,[object Object],This is a randomlike pattern, neither precise nor accurate. The darts are not clustered together and are not near the bull's eye. ,[object Object],This is an accurate pattern, but not precise. The darts are not clustered, but their 'average' position is the center of the bull's eye. ,[object Object]

SI Units,[object Object],In science, we need to speak the same language,[object Object],1795,[object Object],French scientists develop metric system,[object Object],1960,[object Object],International committee meets to update the system and names it the “SystemeInternationaled’Unites” aka SI ,[object Object]

SI Base Units,[object Object],Seven SI base units,[object Object],Base unit,[object Object],A defined unit in a system of measurement that is based on an object or event in the physical world,[object Object]

Tools of the Trade,[object Object],Mass Scale that measures GRAMS not POUNDS,[object Object],Pounds are used to measure the force of gravity on your mass…we want to measure the amount of STUFF (Matter) in a thing,[object Object],Temperature thermometer measures the kinetic energy (KE) /movement of particles,[object Object],Faster moving particle=more (KE)=higher temp (HOT),[object Object],Slower moving particles=less (KE)=cooler temp (COLD),[object Object],Volume amount of space object takes up…,[object Object],ruler, measuring tape, etc to measure meters3 (l x w x h),[object Object],OR graduated cylinder to measure LITERS,[object Object],Measure volume at the MENISCUS (curve or dip in the water),[object Object]

SI Derived Units,[object Object],Not all quantities can be measured with base units,[object Object],More than one base unit can be used,[object Object],Speed limit is measure in….,[object Object],MPH,[object Object],Miles per hour,[object Object],Which is a combo of what base units?,[object Object],Length and time,[object Object]

Common derived units we will use,[object Object],Speed,[object Object],Base unit of length and base unit of time,[object Object],Meters/second,[object Object],Volume,[object Object],3 base units of length,[object Object],Length x length x length,[object Object],1 cm3= 1 mL,[object Object],Density,[object Object],Mass/volume,[object Object],Ratio that compares mass of an object to its volume,[object Object],g/cm3 or g/mL,[object Object]

Density,[object Object],Density=mass divided by the volume,[object Object],D=m/V,[object Object],Gram/L or grams/m3,[object Object],How do we figure out volume of odd shaped objects…say a paper clip?,[object Object],Water Displacement,[object Object],What happens when you fill up the bath tub to the rim and then get in?,[object Object]

Archimedes Principle,[object Object],Measure known amount of water in graduated cylinder and record VOLUME (mL),[object Object],This is initial volume (Vi),[object Object],Drop in odd shaped object (paper clip),[object Object],Record the NEW volume of water,[object Object],This is final vlume (Vf),[object Object],Subtract Vi from Vf to get volume of object (Vo),[object Object],Vo = Vf- Vi,[object Object],Get the mass of the paper clip form the scale,[object Object],Plug the mass (g) and volume (L) into density formula to figure out the density of the paper clip,[object Object]

Class Work!,[object Object],Suppose a sample of aluminum is placed in a 25 mL- graduated cylinder containing 10.5 mL of water. The level of water rises to 13.5 mL. Mass is 25 g. What is the density of the aluminum sample?,[object Object],What is the volume of a sample that has a mass of 150 g and a density of 5 g/mL?,[object Object]

Prefixes Used with SI units,[object Object]

Kids Hate Doing Math Dittos Christmas Morning,[object Object],King Henry Died Monday Drinking Chocolate Milk,[object Object]

Temperature,[object Object],SI unit?,[object Object],Kelvin,[object Object],Our thermometers measure Celsius,[object Object],To convert from Celsius to Kelvin,[object Object],0o C + 273 = 273 K,[object Object],To convert from Kelvin to Celsius,[object Object],373 K - 273 = 100o C,[object Object]

Scientific Method Activity,[object Object],Design an experiment,[object Object],Keep in mind…,[object Object],Must be measurable,[object Object],Completed in class,[object Object],Due today,[object Object],Paper with group members names,[object Object],Outline of experiment you will do,[object Object],Get into groups,[object Object]

Scientific method and si units UPDATED

Scientific method and si units UPDATED

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados(19)

Destaque

Destaque(20)

Similar a Scientific method and si units UPDATED

Similar a Scientific method and si units UPDATED(20)

Mais de Maria Donohue

Mais de Maria Donohue(20)

Último

Último(20)

Scientific method and si units UPDATED