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Presentation
on
Operation and Maintenance of 33/11 KV Sub-station
at Dhaka Palli Bidyut Samity-1
Presented by
Md. Muzahidul Haque
ID# 12305145
Program: BSEEE
1
Overview
 Objectives
 Bangladesh Power Division Structure
 Organizational Overview
 33/11 kV DPBS-1 sub-station
 Sub-station single line diagram
 Sub-station equipments
 Sub-station operation
 Maintenance of sub-station equipments
 Findings
 Recommendation
2
Objectives
• To know about sub-stations
• To learn about assemblage of substation equipments
• Study on switchgear equipments
• Operation of sub-stations
• Maintenance of Sub-stations
3
Bangladesh Power Division
Structure
4
Bangladesh’s Power Sector
 Generation capacity : 13,179 MW (March 2017)
 Power import : 600 MW from India
 Highest generation : 9,036 MW (30 June, 2016)
 Total consumers : 24.2 million (March 2017)
 Transmission line : 10,377 CKT. KM (February 2017)
 Distribution line : 3,89,000 km (February 2017)
 System loss : 13.10% (June 2016)
 Distribution loss : 10.69% (June 2016)
 Per capita generation : 407 kwh (August, 2016)
 Access to electricity : 80%
5
Organizational Overview
 Rural Electrification Board (REB) is
established in 1978.
 13th December 1978, DPBS-1,
started its function.
 2nd June 1980, DPBS-1 started its
commercial operation.
Contribute in Agricultural, Industrial
and Socio-Economic Development.
Company Logo
6
Organizational Overview
Mission:
Electricity for all by 2021
Vision:
Quality and Uninterruptible power supply.
7
Basic Content of Electrical System
8
Distribution Substation
The assembly of apparatus is used to change
some characteristic of electric supply.
 Its connected with grid
 Incoming voltage is 33 kV
 Outgoing voltage is 11 kV
9
Dhaka PBS Substation
 Dhaka PBS-1 S/S supply power at
Savar area.
 Receive power from Kabirpur and
Savar grid.
 Capacity 35 MVA.
 There are six feeders.
10
11
Substation Equipment's
 Instrument Transformers
 Power Transformer
 Automatic Voltage
Regulator(AVR)
 Automatic Circuit Re-
closer(ACR)
 Insulator
 Lightning Arrester
 Bus bar
 Isolator
 Earth switch
 Protective Relay
 Auxiliary Transformer.
12
Instrument Transformers
Instrument transformers is used for measuring and
protection purpose.
Instrument transformers are two types –
1. Current Transformer (C.T.)
2. Potential Transformer (P.T.)
13
Current Transformer (C.T.)
A current transformer steps down the current.
 Used for current measurement.
 Step up transformer.
 It is connected in series
Specification
Primary 50-100 A
Secondary 5A
Frequency 50 Hz
Weight 75 kg
14
Potential Transformer (P.T.)
It is used to step down the voltage.
 Used for voltage measurement.
 Step down transformer.
 PT is connected in parallel.
Specification
Primary 6350 V
Secondary 240 V
Frequency 50 Hz
Weight 70 kg
15
CT & PT Meter Connection
Diagram
16
Power Transformer
 A power transformer is used for
step-up or step-down the voltage.
 Transformer has two winding
namely primary and secondary.
 Operate at nearly full load.
power transformer
17
In DPBS substation three types of transformers
are mainly used.
These are:
– Single Phase Transformer
– Three Phase Transformer
– Auxiliary Transformer
Power Transformer
Single Phase Transformer
18
specifications
 Transformer Type OUT DOOR
 Type of Cooling ONAN/ONAF
 Rated MVA 5/6.25
 Rated KV
 HV 33 kV
 LV 11 kV
 Rated Line Current (amp)
 HV 87.5/109.3
 LV 249.9/312.4
 Vector Group Dyn-1
 No of Phase 3
 % Impedance HV/LV 6
 Standard Frequency 50Hz
 Year of Manufacturing 2011
 Core and Coil 6800 kg
 Tank and Fittings 3600 kg
 Mass of Oil 3400 kg
 Total Mass 13800 kg
 Volume of oil 3542 Liter
19
Parts of Transformer
 Transformer Tank
 Conservator
 Buchholz Relay
 Oil level indicator Buchholz Relay
conservator
Transformer Tank
20
Oil Level Indicator
 Bushing
 Breather
Cooling system:
 O.N.A.N- Oil Natural Air Natural
 O.N.A.F-Oil Natural Air Forced
Parts of Transformer (Cont’d)
Breather
Bushing 21
Cooling system
Bushing
Silica Gel
 Used for the absorption of
moisture in a transformer.
 Blue silica gel is fresh.
 Pink silica gel contains
moisture.
22
Parts of Transformer (Cont’d)
 Tap Changer
 Oil Temperature Indicator
 Winding Temperature Indicator
Tap Changer Oil and Temperature level Indicator
23
Auxiliary Transformer
Auxiliary transformer
used to supply the
substations own needed
power.
24
Auxiliary transformer
Automatic Voltage Regulators
 Used to regulate the
voltage.
 It takes the fluctuate
voltage and changes them
into a constant voltage.
Rated power 416.5 kVA
Rated voltage 6350 V
Rated current 656 A
Cooling ONAN
Coil temperature rise 55 ̊C
Oil temperature rise 50 ̊C
Fase number 1
Total weight 2060 kg
25
Automatic Circuit Re-closer
(ACR)
 This device where SF6 gas is used to arc
extinction
 There is a interrupter for each line.
Specifications
 Operating voltage : 240V AC or
24V DC
 Current ratio : 500:1
 Rated max voltage : 27 kV
 Rated continuous current : 630A
26
Control panel
ACR
Lightning Arrester
 Use to protection of power
system equipment.
 Protection against lightning
stroke.
 Passed total voltage surges
to the ground.
27
Lightning Arrester
Bus Bar
An assembly of conductors for collecting electric
power and distributing them to outgoing feeders.
28
Bus Bar
Isolator
It is also known as
disconnecting switch.
It used to protect the
transformer and other
equipment in the line.
 Design to open a circuit
under no load.
Isolator
29
Isolator
Distribution Transformer
 The final voltage transformation in the
electric power distribution system.
 Stepping down the voltage used in the
distribution lines to the level used by the
customer.
30
11 KV/440 V Power Distribution
System
In power distribution system they use
single phase transformer.
Commonly used 1-φ transformers are
rated as.
5 KVA
10 KVA
15 KVA
25 KVA
37.5 KVA
50 KVA
75 KVA
100 KVA
167 KVA distribution transformer
31
Transformer Test
In DPBS-1 System they do six type of test
Insulation Test
Continuity Test
Ratio and Polarity Test
No Load Test
Full Load Test
32
Transformer Test
SL. NO Insulation Test Ratio
1 HT/LT Bushing 1000 + MΩ
2 LT Bushing/Tank 1000 + MΩ
3 LT Bushing/LT Bushing 0
After the Insulation test we get this result
After the Continuity test we get this result
SL. NO Continuity Test Ratio
1. HT Busing / Tank 0
2. LT Bushing/LT Bushing 0
33
Sl. No Ratio and Polarity Test Ratio
1. Obtained Voltage in (HT) Side 240 Volt.
2. Obtained Voltage in (LT) Side 9.07 Volt.
3. Ratio of HT and LT Side 26.461 Volt.
4. Polarity Additive
After the Ratio and Polarity test we get this result
Sl. No No Load Ratio
1 Applied Voltage in LT Side 240 Volt.
2 Obtained Current 0.26 Amp.
3 Loss 24.12 Watt
Sl. No Full Load Ratio
1 Induce Volts 160.1 Volt.
2 Obtained Current 1.74 Amp.
2 Loss 190 Watt
4 Impedance 2.52%
After the No load and Full load test we get this result
34
Maintenance of Substation
Daily maintenance:
 Make record of power (MW) flow in each hour
 Switchgear equipment’s inspection
 Load management
Emergency Maintenance:
Emergency maintenance is required when any uncertain hazard is
occurred in the electric system.
35
Maintenance of Transformer
Steps for power transformer shutdown
 CB of the Transformer secondary side open.
 CB of the Transformer primary side open.
 Isolator opens from both sides.
 Grounding switch close from both sides.
 Make additional grounding if required.
36
Transformer Faults and Failures
 winding failures due to short
circuits :
– Phase-phase faults,
– Phase-ground,
 Core faults :
– Core insulation
failure
 Lighting Surge
 On-load tap changer failures:
– Mechanical,
– Electrical,
– Short circuit,
– Overheating
 Abnormal operating
conditions:
– Over loading,
– Over voltage.
37
Maintenance of Equipments
 Maintenance of Circuit Breaker
• For SF₆ circuit breaker, gas pressure should be checked.
• Leakage of gas should be checked
 Maintenance of Conservator
• Oil pressure should be checked.
• Oil leakage should be checked.
38
 Remove all additional or local grounding
 Grounding switch open from both sides.
 Isolator close from both sides.
 Transformer primary side CB close.
 Transformer secondary side CB close.
After finish the maintenance work
39
Protection of Substation
Protection scheme in substation are three parts:
1. Transformer protection scheme.
2. Feeders protection scheme.
3. Bus bar protection scheme.
40
Findings
1. Most of the distribution transformers are overloaded.
2. Repairing division is slow.
3. System loss is more.
41
Recommendation
1. More concentration is required to maintain the pricing
mechanism.
2. Number of distribution transformers should be increased.
3. Upgraded switchgear equipment’s are highly required.
42
43
44

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE OF 33/11 kV SUBSTATION AT DHAKA PALLI BIDYUT SAMITY-1

  • 1. Presentation on Operation and Maintenance of 33/11 KV Sub-station at Dhaka Palli Bidyut Samity-1 Presented by Md. Muzahidul Haque ID# 12305145 Program: BSEEE 1
  • 2. Overview  Objectives  Bangladesh Power Division Structure  Organizational Overview  33/11 kV DPBS-1 sub-station  Sub-station single line diagram  Sub-station equipments  Sub-station operation  Maintenance of sub-station equipments  Findings  Recommendation 2
  • 3. Objectives • To know about sub-stations • To learn about assemblage of substation equipments • Study on switchgear equipments • Operation of sub-stations • Maintenance of Sub-stations 3
  • 5. Bangladesh’s Power Sector  Generation capacity : 13,179 MW (March 2017)  Power import : 600 MW from India  Highest generation : 9,036 MW (30 June, 2016)  Total consumers : 24.2 million (March 2017)  Transmission line : 10,377 CKT. KM (February 2017)  Distribution line : 3,89,000 km (February 2017)  System loss : 13.10% (June 2016)  Distribution loss : 10.69% (June 2016)  Per capita generation : 407 kwh (August, 2016)  Access to electricity : 80% 5
  • 6. Organizational Overview  Rural Electrification Board (REB) is established in 1978.  13th December 1978, DPBS-1, started its function.  2nd June 1980, DPBS-1 started its commercial operation. Contribute in Agricultural, Industrial and Socio-Economic Development. Company Logo 6
  • 7. Organizational Overview Mission: Electricity for all by 2021 Vision: Quality and Uninterruptible power supply. 7
  • 8. Basic Content of Electrical System 8
  • 9. Distribution Substation The assembly of apparatus is used to change some characteristic of electric supply.  Its connected with grid  Incoming voltage is 33 kV  Outgoing voltage is 11 kV 9
  • 10. Dhaka PBS Substation  Dhaka PBS-1 S/S supply power at Savar area.  Receive power from Kabirpur and Savar grid.  Capacity 35 MVA.  There are six feeders. 10
  • 11. 11
  • 12. Substation Equipment's  Instrument Transformers  Power Transformer  Automatic Voltage Regulator(AVR)  Automatic Circuit Re- closer(ACR)  Insulator  Lightning Arrester  Bus bar  Isolator  Earth switch  Protective Relay  Auxiliary Transformer. 12
  • 13. Instrument Transformers Instrument transformers is used for measuring and protection purpose. Instrument transformers are two types – 1. Current Transformer (C.T.) 2. Potential Transformer (P.T.) 13
  • 14. Current Transformer (C.T.) A current transformer steps down the current.  Used for current measurement.  Step up transformer.  It is connected in series Specification Primary 50-100 A Secondary 5A Frequency 50 Hz Weight 75 kg 14
  • 15. Potential Transformer (P.T.) It is used to step down the voltage.  Used for voltage measurement.  Step down transformer.  PT is connected in parallel. Specification Primary 6350 V Secondary 240 V Frequency 50 Hz Weight 70 kg 15
  • 16. CT & PT Meter Connection Diagram 16
  • 17. Power Transformer  A power transformer is used for step-up or step-down the voltage.  Transformer has two winding namely primary and secondary.  Operate at nearly full load. power transformer 17
  • 18. In DPBS substation three types of transformers are mainly used. These are: – Single Phase Transformer – Three Phase Transformer – Auxiliary Transformer Power Transformer Single Phase Transformer 18
  • 19. specifications  Transformer Type OUT DOOR  Type of Cooling ONAN/ONAF  Rated MVA 5/6.25  Rated KV  HV 33 kV  LV 11 kV  Rated Line Current (amp)  HV 87.5/109.3  LV 249.9/312.4  Vector Group Dyn-1  No of Phase 3  % Impedance HV/LV 6  Standard Frequency 50Hz  Year of Manufacturing 2011  Core and Coil 6800 kg  Tank and Fittings 3600 kg  Mass of Oil 3400 kg  Total Mass 13800 kg  Volume of oil 3542 Liter 19
  • 20. Parts of Transformer  Transformer Tank  Conservator  Buchholz Relay  Oil level indicator Buchholz Relay conservator Transformer Tank 20 Oil Level Indicator
  • 21.  Bushing  Breather Cooling system:  O.N.A.N- Oil Natural Air Natural  O.N.A.F-Oil Natural Air Forced Parts of Transformer (Cont’d) Breather Bushing 21 Cooling system Bushing
  • 22. Silica Gel  Used for the absorption of moisture in a transformer.  Blue silica gel is fresh.  Pink silica gel contains moisture. 22
  • 23. Parts of Transformer (Cont’d)  Tap Changer  Oil Temperature Indicator  Winding Temperature Indicator Tap Changer Oil and Temperature level Indicator 23
  • 24. Auxiliary Transformer Auxiliary transformer used to supply the substations own needed power. 24 Auxiliary transformer
  • 25. Automatic Voltage Regulators  Used to regulate the voltage.  It takes the fluctuate voltage and changes them into a constant voltage. Rated power 416.5 kVA Rated voltage 6350 V Rated current 656 A Cooling ONAN Coil temperature rise 55 ̊C Oil temperature rise 50 ̊C Fase number 1 Total weight 2060 kg 25
  • 26. Automatic Circuit Re-closer (ACR)  This device where SF6 gas is used to arc extinction  There is a interrupter for each line. Specifications  Operating voltage : 240V AC or 24V DC  Current ratio : 500:1  Rated max voltage : 27 kV  Rated continuous current : 630A 26 Control panel ACR
  • 27. Lightning Arrester  Use to protection of power system equipment.  Protection against lightning stroke.  Passed total voltage surges to the ground. 27 Lightning Arrester
  • 28. Bus Bar An assembly of conductors for collecting electric power and distributing them to outgoing feeders. 28 Bus Bar
  • 29. Isolator It is also known as disconnecting switch. It used to protect the transformer and other equipment in the line.  Design to open a circuit under no load. Isolator 29 Isolator
  • 30. Distribution Transformer  The final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution system.  Stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by the customer. 30
  • 31. 11 KV/440 V Power Distribution System In power distribution system they use single phase transformer. Commonly used 1-φ transformers are rated as. 5 KVA 10 KVA 15 KVA 25 KVA 37.5 KVA 50 KVA 75 KVA 100 KVA 167 KVA distribution transformer 31
  • 32. Transformer Test In DPBS-1 System they do six type of test Insulation Test Continuity Test Ratio and Polarity Test No Load Test Full Load Test 32
  • 33. Transformer Test SL. NO Insulation Test Ratio 1 HT/LT Bushing 1000 + MΩ 2 LT Bushing/Tank 1000 + MΩ 3 LT Bushing/LT Bushing 0 After the Insulation test we get this result After the Continuity test we get this result SL. NO Continuity Test Ratio 1. HT Busing / Tank 0 2. LT Bushing/LT Bushing 0 33
  • 34. Sl. No Ratio and Polarity Test Ratio 1. Obtained Voltage in (HT) Side 240 Volt. 2. Obtained Voltage in (LT) Side 9.07 Volt. 3. Ratio of HT and LT Side 26.461 Volt. 4. Polarity Additive After the Ratio and Polarity test we get this result Sl. No No Load Ratio 1 Applied Voltage in LT Side 240 Volt. 2 Obtained Current 0.26 Amp. 3 Loss 24.12 Watt Sl. No Full Load Ratio 1 Induce Volts 160.1 Volt. 2 Obtained Current 1.74 Amp. 2 Loss 190 Watt 4 Impedance 2.52% After the No load and Full load test we get this result 34
  • 35. Maintenance of Substation Daily maintenance:  Make record of power (MW) flow in each hour  Switchgear equipment’s inspection  Load management Emergency Maintenance: Emergency maintenance is required when any uncertain hazard is occurred in the electric system. 35
  • 36. Maintenance of Transformer Steps for power transformer shutdown  CB of the Transformer secondary side open.  CB of the Transformer primary side open.  Isolator opens from both sides.  Grounding switch close from both sides.  Make additional grounding if required. 36
  • 37. Transformer Faults and Failures  winding failures due to short circuits : – Phase-phase faults, – Phase-ground,  Core faults : – Core insulation failure  Lighting Surge  On-load tap changer failures: – Mechanical, – Electrical, – Short circuit, – Overheating  Abnormal operating conditions: – Over loading, – Over voltage. 37
  • 38. Maintenance of Equipments  Maintenance of Circuit Breaker • For SF₆ circuit breaker, gas pressure should be checked. • Leakage of gas should be checked  Maintenance of Conservator • Oil pressure should be checked. • Oil leakage should be checked. 38
  • 39.  Remove all additional or local grounding  Grounding switch open from both sides.  Isolator close from both sides.  Transformer primary side CB close.  Transformer secondary side CB close. After finish the maintenance work 39
  • 40. Protection of Substation Protection scheme in substation are three parts: 1. Transformer protection scheme. 2. Feeders protection scheme. 3. Bus bar protection scheme. 40
  • 41. Findings 1. Most of the distribution transformers are overloaded. 2. Repairing division is slow. 3. System loss is more. 41
  • 42. Recommendation 1. More concentration is required to maintain the pricing mechanism. 2. Number of distribution transformers should be increased. 3. Upgraded switchgear equipment’s are highly required. 42
  • 43. 43
  • 44. 44

Notas do Editor

  1. Sustainable And Renewable Energy Development Authority (SREDA) Electrical Advisor and Chief Electrical Inspector (EA & CEI)
  2. Number of Power Plants: 105 Name of Transmission :Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd. (PGCB) Name of Distribution: DPDC, DESCO, PBS, Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB)
  3. I am working on 33/11 kV substation
  4. pic
  5. Edit
  6. Primary connect in power circuit. Secondary connect in ammeter
  7. Connection gulo porta hoba
  8. It is a static device which transforms electrical energy from one circuit to another without changing its frequency.
  9. Dyn1-secondary voltage leads primary by 30deg
  10. Naphthenic oil type use
  11. Add photo
  12. Change pic