Phonetics presentation
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Phonetics presentation
- 1. Company LOGO Presentation on How to be a smart Speaker MD. JAMAL UDDIN JAMY Asst. Registrar Southeast University
- 2. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 22 Course Title SPOKEN & PRONUNCIATION
- 3. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 33 Correct Pronunciation of 26 Letters Z †hW&/ wh Y IqvB X G·& W Wvej&BD V fxU BD T Vx *S Gm&R AviQ wLD P dx *O IDN Gb&M Gg& L Gj&K †LB *J †R¡BI AvB H GBP&G R¡xF Gd&E C D WxC mxB exA GB
- 4. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 44 Correct Pronunciation of 7 days Friday Thursday Wednesday Tuesday Monday Sunday Saturday
- 5. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 55 Correct Pronunciation of 12 months December November October September August July June May April March February January
- 6. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 66 Correct Pronunciation of Numbers Fifteen Fourteen Thirteen Twelve Eleven Ten Nine Eight Seven Six Five Four Three Two One Hundred ƺNinety ƺEighty ƺSeventy Sixty Fifty ƺForty ƺThirty ƺ Twenty 1st ƺTwenty Nineteen Eighteen Seventeen Sixteen
- 7. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 77 The pronunciation of ‘ation’ AdmirationAspiration AssimilationCivilization AnticipationAnimation ApplicationPreparation AbbreviationPresentation TranscriptionWordTranscriptionWord
- 8. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 88 Phonemic chart Consonant sounds (25) Phonemes (44) Vowel sounds (19) Monophthongs (12) Diphthongs (5) Long sounds (5) Short sounds (7) Triphthongs (2)
- 9. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 99 25 consonant sounds: at a glance
- 10. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1010 Suffix age/ege always sounds like sagepassage ragecottage pagebandage engagebaggage cageaverage ageadvantage Transcription WordTranscriptionWord
- 11. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1111 Vowel sounds : 19 Tripthongs-2 Diphthongs -5 Vowel must be learnt by listening carefully and imitating. So spend some of your listening time on the vowels. Monophthongs-12
- 12. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1212 25 consonant sounds: at a glance
- 13. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1313 25 consonant sounds: at a glance
- 14. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1414 How to pronounce a word 1. Firstly, find out how many syllables are there in the word. 2. Secondly, notice on which syllable there is stress. 3. Thirdly, try to pronounce all syllables separately. 4. Then, pronounce all syllable together and emphasis the syllable on which there is a stress. Example: - Information
- 15. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1515 All about Syllable What is syllable? Phonetically a syllable means a group of one or more sounds. Grammatically syllable is a part of word, can be pronounced at a time and which has got a vowel sound. A syllable can be made in the following ways ccvcvcvcvccvcv 1.Vowel --- a //, I / 2.Vowel + Consonant --- it eve 3.Vowel + Consonant + Consonant--- ink 4.Consonant + Vowel + Consonant--- but , put 5.Consonant + Vowel--- do , so 6.Consonant + Consonant + Vowel--- snow
- 16. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1616 Phonetic characteristics of a syllable 1. Weak syllable …… Always tends to be shorter and always unstressed 2. Strong syllable ….. Most of the time stressed. 1. Schwa / is always associated with weak syllable. is most of the time associated with weak syllable. is most of the time associated with weak syllable. 4. Syllabic consonant is always associated with weak syllable. 5. On the other hand, all the strong syllable have the opposite characteristics.
- 17. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1717 About Schwa /Schwa is the smallest sound of English language. It is also a difficult sound. It is because some students cannot make difference between // and //. So // must be learned by listening carefully and imitating. Where // Schwa is used 1. Article ………………Example: A bird 2. Weak syllable………. Example: Hospital Here is weak syllable 1. Weak form………… Example: An 2. Elision……………… Example: Camera into
- 18. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1818 Pronunciation ‘T’ The true ‘T’ and the Flap ‘T’ Rule: 1- Flap ‘T’ between vowel sounds InvitingWaiting HeatingBiting Rule: 2- Flap ‘T’ with / Forty WaterThirty WaiterHearty QuarterDaughterArtist Before & After / After / Before /
- 19. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 1919 Pronunciation ‘T’ Rule: 3 - With double ‘T’ Litter LettuceLatter MottoButter KittoBitter DittoBatter Rule: 4- Before / / Mortal LittleHospital BottleBattle
- 20. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2020 Pronunciation ‘T’ Rule: 5- Between words • I bought a CD of lessons • It’ll be useful • Oh no! Where did I put it?
- 21. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2121 Identify the entire flap ‘T’ 1. Automatic 2. Mentality 3. Potato 4. Starting 5. Total 6. From the beginning it’s been a very bitter winter. 7. Back in December we had a terrible ice storm and many families mine included, lost electricity. 8. Today is the little warmer than usual. 9. But I know colder temperatures will return. 10.I’ll try to say warm. You do same.
- 22. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2222 Pronunciation ‘T’ Plosive sound ‘T’ In order to produce an American T sound, the tip of the BOTTOM ridge of your upper GUMS, unlike the tip touching in the center of your upper bard pattle like for the Bangladeshi ‘t’ sound. Let’s try this now, TEEE Say this 5 times. Now not only 5 times say this more than 5 times if you need to do. Now with some words: TerminateTinyTough TeenageTrialTurnTerribleTerrific TypeTapTongueTuneTable TournamentTourTennisTime Tomorrow
- 23. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2323 Plosive sounds ‘T’ Rules Rule-1: If T is the beginning of a word: Plosive T is ALL the cases. 1. It took Tim ten times to try the telephone stop touching Ted’s toes. 2. Turn towards Stella and study her contact together. 3. Control your terms. 4. It’s Tommy’s turn to tell the teacher the truth 5. Timothy and Todd told Teresa, their secretary to total up their accounts.
- 24. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2424 Pronunciation ‘T’ Rules: 2: If T is in the middle of two vowels a soft‘d’ should not be mistaken with an exact D sound. Otherwise, that would be quite heavy. For the soft ‘d’ sound your tongue needs to flap up to the BOTTOM ridg of upper GUMS. This is same position as the plosive American T sound. However, in this case all you need to do is flap at that position and not apply any effort.
- 25. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2525 Pronunciation ‘T’ Example: Sentence- What a good idea. Put it in a bottle. Write it in a letter Set it on the metal gutter. Put all the data in the computer. Insert a quarter in the meter. Get a better water heater. Let her put a smarter or Betty’s at the meeting. It’s getting hotter and hotter. Petty ought to write a better letter. Frieda had a little metal battle. Betty bought a bit of better butter. Pat ought to sit on a lap.
- 26. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2626 Pronunciation ‘T’ Rule: 5- The last rule five is also about N in the word, but here the ‘T’ follows N immediately. If the N is before the T then the T goes silent. Advantage Percentage International Interview Interact Internet
- 27. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2727 Pronunciation ‘T’ Practice with sentences: He interrupted twenty interviews in Toronto. There was a large percentage of international students. He won’t even interfere with the interaction. We took full advantage of the internet. He drove interested through to Alkanet. He’s at the international hotel. He wasn’t even helping out. He hasn’t bothered you much, has he? We won’t always do it, believe me. Patty was good right, wasn’t he?
- 28. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2828 Pronunciation ‘T’ Tongue twister for getting fluency Peter piper picked a pack of pickled peppers. Did peter piper pick a pack of pickled peppers? If peter piper picked a pack of pickled peppers, Where’s the pack of pickled peppers peter piper picked.
- 29. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 2929 Intonation The aim of all speech is to send the message loud and clear through various means. Like stress and rhythm, intonation is also a means of conveying the message. When we speak, the pitch of our voice keeps on changing, sometimes it goes up or high and sometimes it is down or low. This change in pitch is not totally aimless or without any purpose. It is called intonation.
- 30. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3030 Intonation Types of intonation There are mainly two types of intonation 1. Upward intonation 2. Downward intonation Characteristics Upward : - hesitation, doubt, uncertainly Downward: - Firmness, Finality, resolution, directness
- 31. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3131 Intonation Uses of Tune In statement: - I went to Dhaka I’m fully certain That’s the end of the new? In command: - Pull the chair Don’t talk Operate the computer Go ahead In WH question: - When are you going How much have I to pay? What are you doing?
- 32. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3232 Assimilation Assimilation The shape of a word may also be altered by nearly sounds; this is called assimilation. Normally we pronounce one as , but one more may be pronounced where the shape of one has changed because of the following /m/ in more. Also next is usually pronounced but in next month may be , where the final / t/ has disappeared. • /t/ will be changed into /p/before /p/,/b/ or /m/ Right path Right boy Right man • /d/ will be changed into /b/ before /p/, /b/, or /m/ Red picture Red bag Red man
- 33. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3333 Assimilation /d/ will be changed into /b/ before /p/, /b/, or /m/ Red picture Red bag Red man /n/ will be changed into /m/ before /p/, /b/,or /m/ Action plan Brown bag Open market /t/ will be changed into /k/ before /k/,or /g/ Short cut Fat girl
- 34. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3434 Assimilation /d/ will be changed into / before / Good, bad girl Red carpet /n/ will be changed into // before / Can go Golden gate Golden coin /s/ will be changed into before This seat This ship This year // will be changed into /s/ before /s/ Both sides North south
- 35. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3535 Elision What is Elision? Sometimes some vowel or consonant sound disappear or elide for the influence of adjacent or neighboring sound during rapid or causal speech, it is called elision. Necessity of Elision Non native learners are not bound to use it. They can use it or not. But it is important for them to be aware that when native speakers of English talk to each other.
- 36. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3636 Elision Kinds of Elision: 1. Elision of vowel sound 2. Elision of consonant sound 3. Other Elision. Elision of vowel sounds Normally is elided in rapid speech. Example Camera Vegetable Potato Today Tomato
- 37. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3737 Elision Elision of consonant sounds: Normally /t/, /d/ are elided in rapid speech •First --- boy, girl, time, day, man, night, page, year, class, division •Last --- boy, girl, time, day, man, night, page, year, class, division •Best --- man, friend, person •Must --- be, have •Second --- class, division, boy, time, day, man, year, page, night •Blind --- man
- 38. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3838 Pronunciation Tips: InfluentialEssential ConfidentialPotential CredentialInitial Facial tissueSpecial Asocial (AmvgvwRK)Crucial SocialArtificial JudicialCommercial FinancialOfficial TranscriptionWordsTranscriptionWords
- 39. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 3939 Pronunciation Tips: The Suffix ‘-ssion’ and ‘-tion’ usually sounds like with some expressions: aspirationoppression assimilationpassion attentionpossession captionsuspension civilizationtransmission TranscriptionWordTranscriptionWord tionssion
- 40. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4040 Stress What is Stress? Stress means ‡Rvi †`Iqv, Pvc †`Iqv, Emphasis At first stress can be divided into two ---- 1.Word stress 2.Sentence stress What is word stress? When a word has more than one syllable, one of them is pronounced with more force than the rest. This force is regarded as word stress. Example: PhoneticsAdvance SaturdayFather Characteristics of a stressed syllable I.Loudness II.Length III.Pitch change
- 41. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4141 Stress Types of word stress There are mainly two types of stress a.Primary stress b.Secondary stress Primary stress is marked by upper vertical line Example: - Open Secondary stress is marked by lower vertical line Example: - Education
- 42. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4242 How to find out stress? • Shewa never appears within a stressed syllable, as it is unstressed by nature. Example: - Teacher About • Every monosyllabic word is stressed but no stress mark is given on it. Example: - cat, dog, cow, how, now • Most of the common two syllable nouns and adjectives have stress on the first syllable. Example: - sister, brother, mother, water, paper, table • Most of the affix (prefix and suffix) are not stressed. Example: -about, amount, account, achievement
- 43. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4343 Stress 1) Words that can be used either as a noun or a verb has two types of stresses. 1) A noun has stress on the first syllable. 2) A verb has stress on the second syllable Insult kConsult Conduct Rebel Contact Increase Import Suspect Perfect verbnounword
- 44. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4444 Stress 2. In two syllable verbs, stress is always on the strong syllable. Initial positions: - centre, equal, open Final positions: - assist, aback, arrive 3. In three syllable verbs, if the final syllable is strong, then it will be stressed. Example: - entertain, ascertain 4. But if the final syllable is weak, then the second syllable is to be stressed. Example: - encounter, determine
- 45. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4545 Stress 5. In a disyllabic or in a trisyllabic word if the final syllable contains sund then the primary stress will go on the beginning syllable. buffalocargo swallowborrow vetofollow discovideo demophoto autowindow audioradio
- 46. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4646 Stress 6. If any word contains “tion” then the primary stress will put on its preceding syllable. generationproduction globalizationpromotion immigrationqualification meditationrelation occupationsatisfaction oppositionaction organizationsection orientationnation populationvacation
- 47. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4747 Stress 7. In abbreviations the first letter contains secondary stress and the last one contains primary stress. Example:- S.S.C - Secondary school certificate. H.S.C - Higher secondary certificate. B.B.A - Bachelor of business administration M.B.A - Master of business administration B.S.S - Bachelor of social science M.S.S - Master of social science
- 48. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4848 Stress 8. Stress on penultimate syllable (second from the end) (a)Words ending in ‘ic’ or ‘ical’ ic = dramatic, patriotic, phonetic ical = political, biological, practical (b)Words ending in ‘sion’ and ‘tion’ sion = occasion, diffusion, solution tion = production, conversation, migration (c) Words ending in ‘ion and ‘sive’ as suffix ion = inflexion, religion, opinion sive = exclusive, offensive, possessive
- 49. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 4949 Stress 9. Stress on ante penultimate syllable (third from the end) Words ending in ‘cy’, ‘ty’, ‘phy’, ‘gy’. cy = policy, privacy, democracy. ty = personality, opportunity, curiosity. phy = philosophy, photography, geography gy = technology, sociology, biology
- 50. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5050 Stress Stress on polysyllabic words. These words usually have more than one stress - a ‘primary’ stress and a ‘secondary’ stress. Often such words contain a prefix such as ‘inter’, ‘un’ and ‘anti’ etc. and this prefix has a secondary stress. This is mostly common with many long technical words. Example:- Examination, antipersonnel, unforgettable, anticlockwise,
- 52. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5252 Inflection 1. If the final sound of the verb’s infinitive is a vowel or voiced consonant except /d/ the past tense and the past participle are formed by adding /-d/. For example: To carry / -------- Carried to hurry // -------- hurried / 2. If the final sound of the verb’s infinitive are a vowel or voiceless consonant (/p, t, h, f, T), except /t/, the past tense verbs and the past participle are formed by adding /-t/. For example: To stop / -------- stopped / to talk / -------- talked / 3. If the final sounds of the verb’s infinitive end in /-t/ or /-d/, the past tense verbs and the past participle are formed by adding /-id/. For example: To paint / -------- painted / to want // -------- wanted /
- 53. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5353 Inflection 4. If the final sound of the noun’s singular or the verb’s infinitive (to + PV pre. form) is a vowel or a voiced consonant (except the ending is formed by adding /-z/. For example: City / -------- cities/ Saw / -------- saws/ tub // -------- tubs 5. If the final sound of the noun’s singular or the verb’s infinitive is a voiceless consonant except the ending is formed by adding /-s/. For example: drop / ------- drops / pot / -------- pots month -------- months
- 54. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5454 Inflection 6. If the final sound of the noun’s singular or the verb’s infinitive ends in the ending is formed by adding For example: Bus ------- Buses match / -------- matches to kiss --------she kisses / to match / -------- he matches / 7. If the final sound of a comparative form is “er” and a superlative form is “est” then the last sound will be and For example: high ------- higher ------- highest long ------ longer ------ longest
- 55. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5555 Pronunciation Tips: Suffix ‘-cally’ always sounds like economicallyfantastically dynamicallybasically diplomaticallyartistically classicallyalphabetically biologicallyautomatically
- 56. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5656 Aspiration Aspiration is the action of pronouncing a word with /h/ sound Where will be aspirated 1. Every mono syllabic word starts with /p/ /t/ /k/ will be aspirated CarveTeachPain CareTakePlane CardTimePeep CatchTemptPair CakeTapePack
- 57. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5757 Aspiration 2. In disyllabic, trisyllabic or polysyllabic word if we get stress mark on any syllable that starts with will be aspirated. KindergartenTemporalParticular KidnapTicketPerplex KeeperTransparentPopular ConfidentTransitoryPotential ConceptTwentyPatriot ComplexTropicPatrol CommentTemporaryPacket ComfortTemperaturePaper
- 58. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5858 Aspiration Where will 1. Ending will classicjacketantiseptic bracketbasketaccident blanketautomaticaccelerate packetawakeabbreviate
- 59. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 5959 Aspiration 2. After sound, will not be standardskeletonstudent stimulatespringspecial statisticsstoragespeak stadiumstudioscholar spontaneouslystupidschool skyspokenstart
- 60. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 6060 Aspiration 3. Syllabic consonant starts with cattletwinklechemical localvehicleobstacle principleverticalhospital politicalvitalhostel practicalvocalsparkle radicalwhimsicalexample scruplenumericalsprinkle steeplecapitalpeople
- 61. 6/22/20136/22/2013wps.cn/mobanwps.cn/moban jamaldu@g mail.com .Company Logo 6161 Aspiration 1.In disyllabic, trisyllabic or polysyllabic word if we don’t get stress mark on any syllable that starts with than that syllable will not be aspirated. CombineTogetherPenultimate CollectionTestimonyProduction CollapseTerrificApplicant CapacityTechnologyAspiration
- 62. Thank You MD. JAMAL UDDIN JAMY Asst. Registrar Southeast University, Dhaka Phone: 01915960916 jamaldu@gmail.com