ICT for ELT - Assignment N° 1

1. HISTORY OF EDUCATION
TECHNOLOGY
ICT Applied to English
Teaching
Assingment N° 1
Student: Daniela Morrone
Teacher: Paula Ledesma
Year: 2013

2. What is Education
Technology?
 Refers to the instructional use of
computers, television, and other kinds of
electronic hardware and software in
educational settings.
 Technology is neutral; there is nothing
inherent about the media that assures
learning: a poorly designed computer
program is unlikely to advance learning.
 Integration of technology as a tool to
advance learning in the content areas
adds to the effectiveness of other
resources and teacher created activities.

3. History of ICT - Impact on
education technology
 Mechanical age (1450- 1840)
 The Pascaline – Charles Babbage. First mechanical
adding machine.
 1822 - The difference engine. It calculated logarithms
automatically.
 1830 – The analytic engine. It could carry out different
types of calculations.
 Ada Lovelace: First computer programmer.
Impact on education technology
1780 – Early public schools adopt the teacher/ manager
model.
Transfer of learning theories.
Instructional media used for presentation of content.

4. History of ICT - Impact on
education technology
 Electromechanical age (1840 – 1940) Knowledge
and information converted into electrical
impulses.
 1905 – School museums managed instructional media.
 1910 – Silent films. George Kleine – produced for
instructional use.
Disadvantages:
Teachers used them sparingly: lack of skill in using
equipment, inaccessibility, high cost, time consuming.
Impact on education technology
Visual education: three- dimensional objects,
photographs, silent films.

5. History of ICT - Impact on
education technology
 Electromechanical age:
 1894 – first radio developed. Gugliermo Malconi.
 1920 – commercial and educational stations. Peak
activity between 1925 and 1935.
Disadvantages: poor audio reception and cost of
equipment; method abandoned when TV became
available.
 1950s – Instrutional Television. MPATI – employed
airplanes to transmit televised lessons.
Impact on education technology
Audiovisual Education

6. History of ICT - Impact on
education technology
Electronic age (1940 – Present)
Computers:
1st Generation (1951 – 2nd Generation (1959 –
1958) 1963)
• Vacuum tubes to do its • Diodes replaced by
calculations. transistors- minute
• Punch cards to input electronic devices
and externally store • Magnetic tape to input.
data. • Magnetic cores for
• Rotating magnetic storage.
drums for storage. • High- level
• Required a compiler. progrmming languages
created: FORTRAN
and COBOL

7. History of ICT - Impact on
education technology
 Electronic age (1940 – Present)
Computers:
 1942 – Mark 1 – First large-scale automatic impact computer.
 ENIAC – developed by Mauchly and Eckert for the American army.
Impact on education technology
Computers still not widely accepted in schools.
Computer- based training (CBT) – interaction between
the student and computer. Drills plus tutorials or micro worlds and
simulations.

8. Electromechanical age
3rd Generation (1964 - 19799 4th Generation (1979 - Present)
• Integrated circuits • CPUs (Central processing units
• Magnetic tape and disks to which contained memory, logic,
input. and control units on a single
• Metal oxide semiconductors for chip.
storage. • 1981 – IBM PC
• Advanced programming • 1983 – IBM clones proliferate.
language.: BASIC – for the • 1984 – Apple II Mac. Computer-
Universities to train based tutorials and learning
programmers. games are developed by
• 1965 – mainframes and commercial manufacturers.
microcomputers are put into Personal computer finds
place in some schools – used widespread acceptance in
mainly for administrative Education. PCs better fit the
purposes. teacher /manager instructional
model.

9. The Internet
 1970 – ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet goes
online. Engelbart invents the mouse, hypertext,
groupware, hypermedia, multiple window screens and
electronic mail systems.
 1990 – Multimedia PCs. Schools are using videodiscs,
object-oriented authoring tools, simulations, educational
databases and CAI programs delivered on CD-ROM disks.
 1995 – The Internet catches on.
 1997 – 2007 – The Internet grows and becomes the world’s
largest database of information, graphics and streaming
video making it an invaluable resource for educators.
Impact on education technology
Constructivism: computer-based programs that promote
higher-level thinking and encourage collaborative
learning.

10. Sources:
 Educational technology timeline. Created by the CI 335/ CS 317
students at the University of Illinois, 1999.
http://cter.ed.uiuc.edu/cter2/ci335/timeline.html
 History, the History of Computers, and the History of
Computers in Education.
http://www.csulb.edu/~murdock/histofcs.html
 Baldwin, R. (n. d. ) School Technology in Education.
http://www.answers.com/topic/school-technology -in-education
 Educational technology in Wikipedia. http://en
.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology
 Sammy C (2007) History of Educational Technology.
http://www.docstoc.com/docs/426986/History-of-Educational-
Technology
 History Of Information Technology.
http://openbookproject.net/courses/intro2ict/history/history.html
 A History of Information Technology and Systems.
http://www.tcf.ua.edu/AZ/ITHistoryOutline.htm