This is Session 2 of the 2nd series of Video-Conferencing (VC) ELT (English Language Teaching) Lectures to Al-Quds Open University trainee teachers in Palestinian Territories. The 2ns series is delivered by Mark Krzanowski (LSHTM, University of London), Will McCurry (freelance), Prithvi Narayan Shrestha (the Open University, UK) and Jane McDonnell (Essex University), who are also part of an independent academic group MKUKED (www.mkuked.co.uk)