1. A to Z of Customer Experience
© Mark Conway -Oak Consult 2014

2. Introduction
I would define ‘Customer Experience’as:
‘How customers or prospective customers perceive their interactions with your organisation’
Customer experience encompasses every aspect of an organisation’s offering -the quality of customer care, of course, but also advertising, packaging, product and service features, ease of use, and reliability.
How can you drive a consistently good and improving Customer Experience for your customers or prospects?
In this A to Z I’ll give you some of the answers and some tips from Think Oak!

3. Attitude
I could start and finish this post with ‘A’ for Attitude.
Not many people wake up in the morning and say “Today, I want to make life miserable for our customers.” Yet every day, employees at all levels of organisations make decisions that end up frustrating, annoying, upsetting or losing their customers.
Changing people’s attitude is much harder than teaching them new skills. It is much easier to get staff to do the “right”things when you have hired people with the “right”attitude and who have a history of behaving the“right”way.
You need to recruit people who understand that the aim in business is to have profitable customers who stay with you for a long time and, therefore, who realise that looking after existing customers so that they come back again and again is the Number One priority.
Dealing with employees with the wrong attitude also needs to be a high priority for you as a leader. Tough conversations and ‘attitude’management are a must if your are serious about a great customer experience.

4. Behaviours
I’m a raving fan of all things Disney. Disney takesbehaviours and trainingextremely seriously and they do it very well. So much so that their methodologies are used in many other companies and organisations around the world.
Disney has ‘Cast Member’and ‘Management’behaviour guidelines that they have rolled out across their theme park employees
The Disney Service Basics
I project a positive image and energy
I am courteous and respectful to all guests, including children
I stay in character and play the part
I go above and beyond
The Disney Leader Basics
I demonstrate commitment to cast members
I know and manage my operation, and I teach it to cast members
I lead and monitor cast performance and operational improvements
Within each ‘Basic’behaviour lay some underpinning ways of working / behaviours that are expected from all employees:
What behaviours are central to your Brand Vision?
Do your people know, understand and embrace these behaviours?
What are you doing every day to embrace your organisation’s behaviours and set an example to your people?
How do you drive collective positive energy around your organisation’s behaviours and more importantly are you hiring, developing and firing on behaviours?

5. Customer Centric Culture
How many company vision statements state something along the lines of, “We put the customer at the heart of our business…”and how many companies truly organise themselves around the customer?
I would advocate 5 steps to get you started:
1.Talk to customers yourself as often as you can and not about your products and services -Get to know their business and their priorities and challenges
2.Talk to your customer facing people just as often -sales, customer services, cash collection, engineers and so on. What barriers, issues, challenges, ideas, compliments and complaints do they get from customers
3.Get your people whether customer facing or not to talk to customers at least once a month and if not talk, listen in to customer calls
4.Make ‘Customers’a standing agenda item in ALL meetings
5.Elect some Customer Champions from your best people and get them actively engaged in your most important projects championing the voice of the customer above all else

6. Delight
There’s a difference between consistently meeting customer expectations and delighting customers, and the outcome is the difference between a satisfied customer and a promoter -a ‘Raving Fan’.
Customers expect to have their requirements met. It’s a hygiene factor. You expect your local ATM to work and have money in it. You expect your hotel room to be clean when you have an over-night stay. When thisisn’tthe case you may move your customer from satisfied to a detractor, who is very likely to leave you over time and tell others about theirdissatisfaction.
A satisfied customer is likely to leave you at some point for pastures that little bit greener. A promoter, a Raving Fan, will not. They will be loyal and they’ll talk about you positively to whoever will listen.
How to delight a customer will vary widely depending on your products and services, but always be looking for the edge -differentiators that matter. Get your people to do the same.
I would suggest two areas to think about:
1.Fix the things that cause your customers to call you or cause them pain. Be easy to do business with.I’vebeen an Amazon customer for over a decade now, andI’vehad to call them once and that was nine years ago. I literally spend thousands of pounds a year with them and they are so easy to do business with.I’venever once understood a fuel or electricity bill and consistently feel frustrated with the whole industry. The day Amazon start selling fuel and electricity, I’ll move!
2.Find ways to delight -it could be as simple as a free cookie on check-in like Double Tree by Hilton or a full valet when you take your car for a service. They stand out...for now. Finding ways to keep raising the bar in customer experience for your industry will ensure you maintain and grow market share as well as increased share of wallet.

7. Engage, Enrol and Enthuse Employees
You can have the best Customer Experience strategy and tools in the world, but without the understanding, buy-in and passion of your employees your strategy is worthless.
See a previous post ‘Communicate or Fail’for some top tips!
Engage
Enrol
Enthuse

8. Fail Fast
Don’t get me wrong, failureisn’ta good thing, but procrastination in getting a new product out of the door or not doing something because you haven’t got all the dataisn’ta good thing either.
Allowing yourself to try new ways of working, marketing, new products or service enhancements in a small way, and finding out quickly what works and whatdoesn’tfrom a customer perspective will help you to fail fast, tweak your proposition and try again.
Onceyou’vediscovered what works in your marketplace you can then widen this out further and invest more energy and money into being successful AND providing a better a customer experience.

9. Goals, Objectives and Measurement
If you’re a regular Think Oak! reader, you’ll know my passion for having goals, objectives and that you must measure progress against them. This is especially true of Customer Experience.
Many organisations large or small, think that if you hire the right people and put in the right processes that Customer Experience will take care of itself. Wrong. If Customer Experience is to be truly part of your organisation’s DNA, then you need to have at least one strategic objective embracing it with underpinning goals that are regularly measured and an owner whose job it is to live customer experience.
For some organisations this is where accountability stops. For Customer Experience to be embraced by everyone and for an organisation to be truly customer centric, at least one of everyone’s personal objectives should be around improvement of the customer experience.

10. Heroes
Heroes -your high-performing customer facing employees, can have a huge impact on CustomerExperience, and when nurtured and recognised can truly accelerate cultural change in an organisation.
When a company celebrates sales, they sell more but perhaps at the expense of delivery issues.
When it celebrates product management, new products come out quickly, including those without customer demand.
But companies with a great customer experience use the customer feedback to understand their level of customer satisfaction, and then celebrates those who engage customers at a superior level.
Who are the often unsung proponents of customer experience in your organisation?
–Is it the receptionist, whose sunny disposition brightens up the day of every customer the speak to?
–Is it a security guard that always goes out of her way to be accommodating for unexpected customers arriving at your car park?
–Is it a sales person that goes the extra mile to ensure that the customer gets whatthey’vepaid for on the daythey’vebeen promised it?
Find these people and make them an example of ‘what we do around here’and what good customer experience looks like. Tell these stories in company emails and newsletters. Reward your heroes and put them through further development, give them new opportunities to shine and you’ll be amazed at the halo effect these people have in your organisation in a short period of time

11. Industry Insight
Keeping abreast of what competitors and industry thought leaders are doing and saying is crucial in order to stay ahead of the game with your customer experience.
If we look at the demise of Comet as an example. Today’s fast-paced retail market demands an environment that provides shoppers compelling reasons to buy in-store and to convert that sale. By offering too little information on products and poor employee training, retailers like Comet force customers in- store to use their smartphones to check reviews, product specs, and inevitably competitor and price comparison websites. All too often this approach will result in the customer leaving empty-handed and looking to purchase elsewhere.
To survive, high-street retailers, as well as other industries, must operate as a cost leader and adopt a genuine integrated multi-channel approach. They must think about how shoppers want to buy and to be treated –Apple’s showroom approach is a great example of an engaging environment and people that enhance brand loyalty.

12. Joined up Experience
In today’s ‘hyper-connected’marketplaces, customers can interact with your organisation in multiple ways.
They expect a certain level of service using each of those channels
–If they tweet to your service department, they expect a response within seconds or minutes.
–If they email you, they expect a response within the day or sooner. And so on.
–They also expect you to know who they are when they contact you
–How many of your products and services they use?
–How much they spend with you and ideally know why they might be calling you.
How do you ensure that you deliver your brand values across all of these different media with the right customer experience for them as individuals?
Even though most companies have created systems to address most of these channels and touchpoints, they often created them independently, making it difficult to maintain consistency and know what happened in other interactions to improve the next interaction. This often results in duplicative systems and processes, which are not only inefficient, but also costly.
The lack of a seamless dialogue between the customer and you across all touchpointscreates customer frustration, which results in lost sales and lower customer satisfaction.

13. Knowledgeable
Unlike the customer of a decade ago who did not have easy access to product information and multiple avenues by which to locate and purchase products, the customer of today can easily access information, compare prices and formulate product or service questions in the comfort of their home, office, train or local coffee shop.
Today’s customer wants the convenience of researching and making purchasing decisions without having to leave their home or office. Does your web presence allow them the ability to acquire enough knowledge about your product or service to make a purchasing decision? Is it possible to make a purchase right now? Twenty-four hours a day? On the other side of the world?
Because your customer has the ability to perform their own research regarding your product or service, they expect your employees to know even more!
Have you ever asked questions regarding a product or service only to feel that you knew more than the employee? Your customer expects your employees to be experts.
Are your employees trained properly? Do they know the history of your company? Do they know how your products are made? Materials required to manufacture the product? Can they provide comprehensive answers regarding your service concept? Are they familiar with your competitor’s products/services and how they compare to your offerings?
When today’s customer interacts with your company, they want assistance fromcompetent,knowledgeable employees.

14. Listen, Think, Do and Learn
This 4 point plan is very effective in ensuring you keep focussed and continuously improving your organisation’s customer experience.
Listen-Capture customer feedback and sentiment as often as you can, wherever you can. Obviously regular formal research, is very useful (See A to Z of Marketing), but any interaction with a customer is an opportunity to capture information that could be useful to your organisation.
Think-Gathering information and reporting it to ‘management’is all well and good, but without analysis, thought, insight and recommended action, it’s pretty useless. Certainly from a customer’s perspective. This is not a one-off activity!
Do-Onceyou’velistened and thought, you need to act on this insight. What are you going to do differently? You need a plan, you need to execute against it and you need an owner to drive it through.
Learn-Any changes you make to the customer experience need to be measured and improved upon which takes you back to Listen -get feedback on your changes. Has the customer experience been improved? By how much? For which customers?

15. Moments of Truth
Jan Carlzon, former President of ScandinavianAirline System says:
“A Moment of Truth is a chapter in which the customer comes into contact with any aspect of the company, however remote, and thereby has an opportunity to form an impression.”
Each customer contact is a unique, unrepeatable opportunity for a company to differentiate itself from the competition.
Every decision should be made with the customer in mind and viewed as another opportunity to make a favourable impression.
Unfortunately, failure to satisfy a customer on any Moment of Truth will quickly destroy the customer’s memory of good service.
On the other hand, getting it right can erase many if not all the wrongs that the customer previously experienced.

16. Net Promoter Score & Customer Satisfaction Measures
Net Promoter Score (NPS) is used by many of today’s top businesses to monitor and manage customer relationships.
It is a useful measure of the likelihood of successful WOM (Word of Mouth / Word of Mouse) of your customer base (see W). I would argue that it is only one measure of customer satisfaction that you should be measuring, as by itself does not give you the breadth of detail you’ll need to address any issues that arise.
NPS is calculated from a single loyalty question, “How likely is it that you would recommend this company to your friend or colleague?”Based on their rating of this question using a 0 to 10 likelihood scale where 0 means “not at all likely”and 10 means “extremely likely”,customers are segmented into three groups:
–Detractors (ratings of 0 to 6)
–Passives (ratings of 7 and 8)
–Promoters (ratings of 9 and 10)
A company can calculate its Net Promoter Score by simply subtracting the proportion of Detractors from the proportion of Promoters.
A successful Net Promoter program includes several factors that work together.
Although NPSis useful, the most prevalent cause of failure in Net Promoter programs is the inability of the organisation to go beyond the metric and build out a complete operational model with NPS as its centrepiece. The breakthrough in Net Promoter comes from shifting the entire program from a research model to an operational model and embedding it in the business.

17. Online Experience
As the online channel has evolved, the customer journey has become more complex, and we’ve seen customers exert increasing power and influence over their relationships with brands.
3 core areas of focus that you should think about for your organisation’s online strategy.
1.Realise that it’s no longer acceptable to deliver a one-size-fits-all online customer experience. Instead, you must demonstrate that you know your customers by providing them with a relevant and personalised online experience that takes their preferences, behaviour and past history with your brand into account.
2.Understand that social networks like Facebook and Twitter have raised customers’expectation levels for online interaction both on and off of social networking sites. To fulfil these expectations, provide your customers with an online experience that makes it easy for them to interact socially with your brand by incorporating user-generated content capabilities such as ratings, reviews or comments into your web presence.
3.With the widespread use of mobile phones and tablets, the online experience is no longer restricted to the traditional web presence accessed on desktops and laptops. Instead, today’s customers are taking the online experience with them wherever they go in the form of a mobile phones, tablets and televisions.

18. Personalise where possible
Making an experience a personal one for a customer can really drive customer loyalty and customer recommendations.
Personalisationisn’tsimply a case of adding a customer name to the top of an e-mail. It’s now possible for organisations to communicate with their customers about their individual interests and preferences.
The degree to which the experience is able to be tailored towards the needs of the individual and reflects their particular circumstances will vary by market.
–Customers of Amazon have long marvelled at how the recommendation engine is able to find items that seem to particularly appeal to them as individuals are then able to set a delivery date that meets their requirements for time and cost.
–Regular customers at the Ritz Carlton love that their favourite drinks and snacks are already in their bedroom when they arrive.
–Almost every customerI’vemet of the bank First Direct is a Raving Fan. Why? Well they’re treated as individuals, they feel listened to, their issues are resolved first time.

19. Quirky but Quality
Innocent drinks are now hugely popular in the UK and sold in 14 other countries around the world.
When they started selling smoothies, this was not the case. The founders sold them at music festivals whilst holding down full-time jobs. Their founding mission was to serve their customers high quality natural, fruit smoothie drink prepared with the best quality raw materials within an affordable price and gradually increase their market share every year.
At the heart of the business was a quality, healthy product that did people some good.
Innocent Drinks are known for their quirky, tongue in cheek approach to branding and marketing. They nurture a friendly image.
Instead of printing the normal small print list of ingredients, Innocent instead print their text in a larger font and include jokes and other amusements in their lists of ingredients.

20. Relationships
If you haven’t worked it out yet, business is all about relationships. The depth of relationship is proportionate to the loyalty of your customers, the deeper the better. BelowI’veoutlined the Think Oak! 6 levels of Customer Relationship:

21. Single View of a Customer
In today’s hyper-connected world, customers can interact with a brand, through multiple channels.
They do not split their dealings with a brand into experience by channel, they just experience the brand as a whole.
It is true that some channels will be stronger than others within a brand’s marketing mix, but the strength of the experience is weighted by the weakest channel across customer interaction.
For the single customer view, this means that brands must focus on a unified customer experience and appreciate the role of the individual within that process.
The quality of each channel must be consistent whether Facebook page, Twitter stream, mobile application or sales assistant in the retail outlet, and the focus should always be towards the customer.
Investing in the tools and technology to make this happen will give you the return on investment several times over, especially as many of these tools are much more readily available and affordable than ever before.

22. Technology can help… but only so much
Competing in the ‘Age of the Customer’relies heavily on your ability to deliver technology that improves the customer experience.
In order to deliver this, you must understand your customer experience ecosystem -the complex set of relationships among your company’s employees, partners, and customers that determines the quality of all customer interactions.
With constant technological advances, businesses have a variety of ways to instantly transform the way their customers interact with their businesses.
–For example, you can use social media for real-time communication with your customers or adopt a customer-relationship management system to manage customer preferences.
Here’s the catch. Your people need to understand that the importance of capturing, cleansing and using the information in the systems.
Technology can help, but you need well-trained and motivated teams to truly transform your customer experience.

23. Understand Customer Needs and Desires
The ability to understand and share the feelings of customers is essential to providing better customer experiences. If you understand your customers, you’ll be well equipped to give them exactly what they need. Here are 3 specific ideas that you can use to engage with customers to build a deeper level of understanding.
1.Share customer insights
Customers share their experiences with companies all over the Internet. It’s likely you’ll need special technology to mine through thousands of social media posts, product reviews, e-mails and so on, but doing so can help you gain insight into what your customers think/feel about your organisation. Collect and share this data with everyone in your company and talk about ways you can use it to improve customer experience.
2.Become a customer
Mystery shop yourself and your competitors and track your experiences. Walking a mile in your customers’shoes is the fastest way to gain insight into their perspective and how they experience your organisation first hand.
3.Create a life-sized map of the customers’journey and walk through it
Make a detailed illustration of your customers as they travel through different parts of your organisation. Map out their experiences. Have employees walk through the customer journey, describing and discussing what they see from the perspective of a typical customer at any given touch point. You’d be amazed at what you’ll find!

24. Values
Do you have Brand Values in your organisation?
Are they customer focussed values?
More importantly do your people display these brand values?
If you answered no to any of those 3 questions, you have some work to do.
See previous Think Oak! post -Strategy AND Culture For Success

25. Word of Mouth / Mouse
More than at any time in history, Word of Mouth and especially Mouse is having a huge influence on purchasing decisions and behaviour of customers and prospects.
Whether as a consumer or a business decision maker, I seek the opinion of those I trust before I make a purchase decision.
–Do you know who influences your customers and where?
–How do you influence these influencers?
Whether offline or online, you need to understand who these people are and who they’re connectedto.
I would really recommend Malcolm Gladwell’s book, ‘The Tipping Point’to understand the power of the Maven -the information specialist, and the Connector -a human social hub, the people who know everyone and have large personal, business and social networks.

26. XtraMile Experiences
What can you and your people do to go the XtraMile for your customers? To get your creative juices flowing, I’ve listed just some of the ways others do that little bit Xtra:
Some restaurant chains offer you a free drink or free dessert if your table isn’t ready when you arrive
Complimentary Choc-Ice to watch your in-flight movies on Virgin Airlines
Stay at a Disney Hotel and you can enter an hour earlier to the theme parks
Zapposhave removed all the barriers to buying shoes online. They offer free shipping and free returns
Tiffany provides (in addition to the little blue box) free lifetime cleaning of your rings
The above examples are ‘processes’to deliver that little bit extra.
What about the non-standard Xtras? Empowering and training your employees to make their own decisions to sort customers’issues out allows them to create XtraMile moments of their own. Check out ‘Stories that stay with you’from Ritz Carlton

27. Yes it matters!
By now you should realise, if youdidn’talready, that Customer Experience matters!
You can differentiate on customer experience and you should!
It should form part of your organisation’s strategic objectives, it should be front of mind alongside growing revenues, managing costs and pleasing your key stakeholders, because whether you like it or not, customers are stakeholders in your organisation.
Without customers, there is no organisation.

28. Zero to Hero
Even the best organisations get it wrong sometimes. How you recover from a customer-affecting issue can mean the difference between a customer being a vocal detractor and a promoter of your organisation.
In my experience there are several steps you should follow to turn a situation around -BALANCE: Be Proactive -The best way to avoid a problem becoming a disaster is to be proactive. Build monitoring into your processes so that you can quickly find the route-cause of problems when they occur. Act Quickly -Don’t wait for an army of customers to complain about the same issue before your start to act. Reacting quickly to a problem might mean you can contain the problem to a small number of customers. Listen to Customers -Ensure that you listen to your customer. Apologise -Effectively communicating empathy and apology throughout the service recovery can rebuild customer relationships and trust. Assure your customers that their problem is important to the company and that it will be addressed. Neutralise the problemCommunicate -If the problem cannot be resolved quickly, keep the customer updated on progress at regular intervals until it’s resolved. Exit Effectively -Once the problem is resolved, give the customer the best explanation you can, compensate them if appropriate and give them the confidence that this will not happen again.
When you resolve failures quickly and effectively, acknowledge and apologise for the problem, and then respond to their critical need, most customers will pay you back with continued or increased loyalty, goodwill and even perhaps, repurchasing.
Even major service failures are opportunities to show the reliability of your customer support functions and provide the most positive experience possible, moving you from Zero to Hero!