The document discusses various methods used in food production in Malaysia to meet increasing demand and improve quality and quantity. These methods include direct seeding, hydroponics, aeroponics, selective breeding, tissue culture, genetic engineering, proper soil management, and biological control. Hydroponics and aeroponics allow food to be grown using nutrient solutions instead of soil, providing advantages like using less space, allowing year-round production, and reducing need for pesticides. Genetic engineering involves transferring useful genes between organisms to develop crops with desired traits.

1. Technology used in
food production
Increase in population will increase demand of food
and need to improve the quantity and quality of food
production
In Malaysia, to meet the demand of food,
food has to be imported and efforts are
being carried out by the various
government agencies to diversify food
production
Methods to improve quality
and quantity of food
production
n Direct seeding
n Hydroponics and aeroponics
n Selective breeding
n Tissue culture
n Genetic engineering
n Proper soil management
n Biological control

2. Direct sedding
n Seeds sown directly, involve no
transplanting hence plants achieve faster
growth and give higher yields.
n Example : cultivation of padi
Hydroponics and aeroponics
n Hydroponics- growing crop plants in
culture solution containing macronutirients
and micronutrients
n Aeroponics – culture solutions are sprayed
directly to the roots of plants
Advantages of Hydroponics and
aeroponics
n These method require less space
n Can be carried out on a large scale
n Does not require the use of insecticides and
pesticides
n Can be carry out all year round
n Suitable to carried out at home for home
consumption
n Example : Tomato, lettuce, spinach

3. Selective breeding
n Different plants and animals with
beneficial characteristics such as high
nutritional contents, shorter maturity time,
higher yields and higher resistance to
disease are selected.
n Example : Palm fruit
Cross between Dura and Pisifera to
produce Tenera
Tissue culture
n Produces clones with the same desired
characteristics as the parent
n Produce large numbers of young plants
within a short time
Genetic engineering
n Transfer of useful genes from one
organism to another
n GEO = genetically engineered organisms,
are called transgenic organisms
n GMF = genetically modified food
n Eg : wheat, tomatoes, soy beans
Proper soil management

4. n To prevent leaching, soil erosion,
depletion of soil nutrients and change in
soil texture
n Increase humus content of soil for better
crop yield
Biological control
n Control pests without using pesticides and
insecticides, for better crop yield
n Eg : the use of snakes and owls to control
rats in oil palm estates