Purpose Speech recognition software has existed for decades; different modifications have been made to the application to enable custom uses. The goal of this research is to create a program that will use speech recognition features to help speakers who have trouble with English word’s pronunciation to improve their speech pattern. The program will also help them to track their speech improvement progress and receive a feedback. Project objectives To help people with difficulties with English words improve their speech patterns To help English language learners track their progress in speech improvement Related Work 1. Speech recognition in assistive technology Speech recognition is defined as the process through which human words are converted into a format that can be readable in a machine, for example, a computer or even a phone. Speech recognition technology which is also often referred to as computer speech recognition or the automatic speech recognition are software and devices which are used to convert words that are spoken into text(Ifukube, 2017). It works by an individual speaking into the microphone of the device which is connected to a machine or a sound detecting software, and then the sound is converted into numbers and to a readable text through algorithms. This assistive technology plays a very major role in improving speech patterns and more so in education as will be discussed below. The first way through which speech recognition technologies can be used in assisting to improve the speech patterns is by allowing a greater level of interaction with disabled individuals. Physical disability can be a big barrier to communication between individuals; for example, it is impossible to have a conversation with an individual who does not have the hearing ability. Speech recognition helps to break such barrier and enhance speech and communication by for example by converting the spoken words into a readable text which the other individual can read and also respond. This technology can also help students who do not have motor skills such as the use of their hands or legs to still do the same tasks as the other. They can use the technology to make their reports and research and write just like any other student. Second, the speech recognition technology has been very instrumental in improving speech patterns by improving the level of fluency of individuals. This is because the speech recognition software has evolved to a level where it has the ability to gauge the reading ability of individuals. Individuals can simply read into the machine, and it can be able to gauge their ability and tell what they are reading right and what they are reading wrong and gauge their fluency levels. An individual can very easily make use of this technology to enhance their reading abilities, their pronunciation and also to practice fluency. Third, the speech recognition technology is very useful in improving speech patterns by enhancing language deve ...

1. Purpose
Speech recognition software has existed for decades; different
modifications have been made to the application to enable
custom uses. The goal of this research is to create a program
that will use speech recognition features to help speakers who
have trouble with English word’s pronunciation to improve their
speech pattern. The program will also help them to track their
speech improvement progress and receive a feedback.
Project objectives
To help people with difficulties with English words improve
their speech patterns
To help English language learners track their progress in speech
improvement
Related Work
1. Speech recognition in assistive technology
Speech recognition is defined as the process through which
human words are converted into a format that can be readable in
a machine, for example, a computer or even a phone. Speech
recognition technology which is also often referred to as
computer speech recognition or the automatic speech
recognition are software and devices which are used to convert
words that are spoken into text(Ifukube, 2017). It works by an
individual speaking into the microphone of the device which is
connected to a machine or a sound detecting software, and then
the sound is converted into numbers and to a readable text
through algorithms. This assistive technology plays a very
major role in improving speech patterns and more so in
education as will be discussed below.
The first way through which speech recognition technologies
can be used in assisting to improve the speech patterns is by
allowing a greater level of interaction with disabled individuals.
Physical disability can be a big barrier to communication
between individuals; for example, it is impossible to have a
conversation with an individual who does not have the hearing

2. ability. Speech recognition helps to break such barrier and
enhance speech and communication by for example by
converting the spoken words into a readable text which the
other individual can read and also respond. This technology can
also help students who do not have motor skills such as the use
of their hands or legs to still do the same tasks as the other.
They can use the technology to make their reports and research
and write just like any other student.
Second, the speech recognition technology has been very
instrumental in improving speech patterns by improving the
level of fluency of individuals. This is because the speech
recognition software has evolved to a level where it has the
ability to gauge the reading ability of individuals. Individuals
can simply read into the machine, and it can be able to gauge
their ability and tell what they are reading right and what they
are reading wrong and gauge their fluency levels. An individual
can very easily make use of this technology to enhance their
reading abilities, their pronunciation and also to practice
fluency.
Third, the speech recognition technology is very useful in
improving speech patterns by enhancing language development.
In this case, language development does not only apply to the
children but also for adults. There are very many languages out
there that we can learn and the speech recognition software is
very instrumental in the learning of new languages. The
technology has language software whose function is to check
how well an individual can speak a specific language.
For example, if an individual is learning Spanish, they can
speak some words to the machine, and the machine can tell how
well they are reading these words. Speech recognition also
enhances the ability of an individual learning a new language by
translating one language to another The software has the ability
to convert one language into another, for example, English to
Spanish, and this serves as a very effective way of learning
another language. Finally, this software enhances language
learning through its ability to speak to an individual in a given

3. language, and when the individual responds, the machine
evaluates the response to tell whether or not it is correct
(Craddock, 2003).
In general, the speech recognition technology helps improve
speech patterns for disabled individuals, enhancing language
fluency for individuals and also helps in learning new
languages. It serves as an assistive technology which can make
an individual’s speech abilities better through all these ways.
2. Other related works
The speech recognition software allows for people to talk and
words appear. All that one need says a command and the
computer obeys. These programs provide speed through
documentation. They have a fast dictation and a high
recognition accuracy that continually improves as they adapt to
one’s voice. They define short-cut repetitive tasks by speeding
up documentation creation and boosting productivity. Dragon
natural has long ruled the speech recognition landscape. The
more choices given to using voice commands the better. The
spoken words better suit specific projects than typing.
Windows speech recognition by Microsoft has newer versions of
speech recognition. It is said to be the most available mainly
because it’s being offered for free on Windows 7 or Windows 8
PC. This allows people to open tabs and browse by voice
commands. However, the program’s performance can stand
improvements especially when it comes accuracy levels.
There are others speech recognition programs such as Google
voice and Tazti. However, Dragon Natural speaking far beats
the rest. The windows one provides a formidable rival but lacks
accuracy. Tazti is more geared towards by gamers who want to
use their voice and send characteristics in battles. Users can
launch programs, start a media player without the use of a
keyboard. However, the program doesn’t use dictation. Others
such as Sonix are used to transcribing and editing videos and
audios. Overall, dictation programs have come on massive leaps
and bounds from not only dictating emails and documents but

4. controlling the PC voice commands.
Technology used in speech therapy (developmental)
Technology is used more in speech-language pathology. Speech-
language uses tablets, computers, and smartphones for various
purposes. Parents download the apps and programs to help their
children practice their speech and language skills at home.
Speech-language therapy services have also found its way into
the internet through various channels such as Skype. Therapy
tools are meant to motivate and open up opportunities for
speech and language developments in children. The technology
has allowed for articulation focused on words and sentences and
story building. Parents may use such technology as part of
speech program. This has helped children build up on their
language skills.
Students in the department of communicative disorders are
pioneering on ways to support children in severe communication
needs. Speech developmental needs are mostly used for
conditions such as autism, cerebral palsy and pervasive
developmental delays. Communication methods are introduced
to capitalize on their strengths and attempt to shape new
knowledge through a guided learning experience that facilitates
participation and learning. Children are allowed to use
visualized language in real time through the graphical user
interface. Language proficiency is conducted by use of formal
and informal assessments undertaken by bilingual educators or
speech psychologist. The method involves translating written
symbols into speech and their interpretations (Burns et al.,
1998). Technology use in speech therapy: rehab from physical
injury or stroke (brain injury)
Communication technologies are used in rehabilitation of
traumatic brain injury. The major types of technology include
assistive technology, augmentative and information
communication technology. The interventions assist the
patients in enhancing participation through modified contextual
factors. The instructional methods use declarative memory such
as imagery and verbal elaboration. Computer-assisted treatment

5. makes use of programs through repetitive trials. The speed and
complexity of the exercise increases as the user's performance
improves to maintain a high portion of favourable traits. The
programs are used in conjunct to clinical-moderated treatment.
Patient-centred design of cognitive assisted technology assists
in a range of computer aided gait. High skilled therapists are
adapted to the use of technology for optimum recovery. The
sophisticated machines blend in with the experts knows how. A
process designed for maximum gains. Cognitive rehabilitation
uses the multi-disciplinary approach with neuropsychiatric
evaluations. Significant improvements are attained by
undergoing direct attention in speech training. Brain-injured
persons may suffer from ideomotor, ideational and
constructional apraxia. The cognitive communication disorder
impairs social interaction. The principle use of the technology-
aided guide is to mass practice language tasks of increased
difficulty and using constraints of non-verbal communication.
Proposed Approach
The nature of problem calls for a Quantitative experimental
approach in realizing the goals of this research’s. Having
identified the problem, scientific hypothesis need to be
developed and effective experimentations done. In addition, the
work will entail a lot of program development and testing in a
bid to realize the scope of the research. After developing or
identifying the correct programs, a population sample will be
selected for purpose of study for a given duration. Feedback
will be collected and analysis, recommendations and
conclusions made.
Required resources
The nature of research calls for the following:
Related researches for reference

6. Program developer
Population sample containing English language learners with
access to computers and developed software.
References
Burns, R. B., Crislip, D., Daviou, P., Temkin, A., Vesmarovich,
S., Anshutz, J., ... & Jones, M. L. (1998). Using
telerehabilitation to support assistive technology. Assistive
Technology, 10(2), 126-133.
Carey B. (2016). Smartphone speech recognition can write text
messages three times faster than human typing. Stanford News.
Accessed from: http://news.stanford.edu/2016/08/24/stanford-
study-speech-recognition-faster-texting/
Julie P & Zeanah E. (2005). An evaluation of voice recognition
software for use in interview-based research: a research note.
Sage Journals.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1468794105050837
Craddock, G. (2003). Assistive technology: shaping the future;
AAATE'03. Amsterdam Tokyo: IOS Press Ohmsha.
Ifukube, T. (2017). Sound-based assistive technology: support
to hearing, speaking and seeing. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

7. 5063 Week 6 18FEB
Assignment 6
Compare and contrast the materials on ABC in no more than 2
pages
Discussion 6
Describe ABC Inventory Classification
Danny,
ABC inventory analysis is a way that a company can group
items by dollar volume. Axsäter, (2015), states that 20% of the
items account for about 80% of the dollar value. Typically,
companies categorized their items into three classes, A= high
dollar volume, B= intermediate dollar value items, which
account for about 30% and C= low dollar volume items. This
type of inventory control is used throughout materials and
distribution management; which is also referred to as selective
inventory control. Fritch (2015), describes this type of
inventory control as the 80/20 rule, also known as the Pareto
Analysis. The biggest issue as stated by Bowersox, Closs,
Cooper and Bowersox (2013), is that using the Activity-base
costing approach is identifying the activities, related expenses
and drivers of expense. The authors continue to suggest that
costs should be first traced to the activities performed and then
activities should be related to specific product or customer
segments of the business.” I think the challenge here is
identifying which items fall into category A or B, which would
be driven by sales spikes or even new trending items on the
market. I like the approach, but it seems if sales were sporadic
inventory mangers would have to reclassify items and routinely
analyze the classification status.
Axsäter, S. (2015). Inventory Control. Cham, Switzerland:
Springer.
Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B. and Bowersox, J.
C. (2013). Supply Chain Logistics Management. New York,
New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

8. Fritsch, D. (2015, July 10). What is ABC Analysis for Inventory
Optimization? Retrieved from
https://www.eazystock.com/blog/2015/07/10/how-does-abc-
analysis-affect-inventory-optimization/
Franciso,
The ABC Inventory Classification technique assigns inventory
items to one of three groups according to relative impact or
value of the objects that make up the group. ABC classification
is based on the Pareto principle commonly known as the 80/20
rule. In inventory management, it is used to classify stock based
on profits, inventory costs, or service levels. Items in class A,
B, and C are prioritized from highest to lowest with “A” items
being the highest and “C” the lowest ranking. Sanders, (2014),
states that “A” items are those which are high demand items,
and therefore require frequent analysis. They account for 70-80
percent of inventory value while accounting for only 10-20
percent of the inventory. “B” items are intermediate valued
products which account for 30 percent of the inventory and
contribute to approximately 35 percent of the value. “C” class
items are the remaining 50 percent of stocked inventory.
However, they only contribute to 10 percent of total inventory
value.
The criteria used to assess an item will determine the group to
which it is assigned. Coyle, (2013), states that using revenue
per item as the criterion might assign “Item 1” to the A group
while using the profit per item as the criterion might assign
“Item 1” to the C group. Determining which criteria to use for
inventory classification will depend on the goals the
organization is trying to achieve. Also, remember that an
organization might determine that it requires more or less than
three categories.
References:
Axsater, S. (2015). Inventory Control (3rd ed.). Switzerland:
Springer International Publishing.
Coyle, J., Langley, C., Novack, R. and Gibson, B. (2013).

9. Supply Chain Management. Boston, Massachusetts:
Cengage Learning.
Sanders, Nada; Council, of Supply Chain Management
Professionals. (2014). How Products
and Services Are Produced. Upper Saddle, NJ: Pearson
Education Inc.