B2B refers to commerce transactions between businesses, such as manufacturers selling to wholesalers or retailers. Examples of B2B markets include manufacturers, resellers, non-profits, and government. Transaction costs refer to the expenses incurred when buying or selling, such as brokers' commissions, spreads between purchase and sale prices, and fees associated with real estate transactions like agents' commissions and closing costs. There are also search, bargaining, and policing/enforcement costs associated with transactions.

1. B2B business-to-busines:
On the Internet, B2B (business-to-business), also known as e-biz, is the exchange of
products, services, or information between businesses rather than between businesses
and consumers.
Examples:
Businesstobusinessmainly referstocommerce transactionsbetweenthe businesses.The examplesof
thiscan be betweenmanufacturersandwholesalersorbetweenretailersandwholesalers.The most
general examplesof B2Bmarketsare manufacturers,re sellers,non-profitinstitutions andgovernment.
Website of B2B:
BizzBuzz.com.au

2. Country
Australia
Type
B2B Daily Deal Site
Launch date
April 2011
Bizz Buzz offers at least 40% OFF business products and services you already plan to
purchase. Deals that focus on small businesses – No day spa or restaurant deals here (Sorry!)
'BUSINESSTO CONSUMER -B TO C'
DEFINITION
Business or transactions conducted directly between a company and consumers who are the
end-users of its products or services. Business to consumer as a business model differs
significantly from the business to business model, which refers to commerce between two or
more businesses.
For example,
someone buying a television set from an electronics retailer would be a B2C
transaction. The transaction preceding this, eg, the purchase of components,

3. screens, plastics etc. by the manufacturer, and the sale of the set from the
manufacturer to the retailer would bebusinesstransactions.
Website
http://www.buddleather.com/
ABOUT BUDD LEATHER
Founded in 1946, Budd Leather has been producing the finest in leather accessories and
gifts for generations s we move forward into the 21st century we are maintaining the
highest standard of quality and customer services. In an age when business focuses on

4. speed, competition and globalization we are learning great lessons and are taking with it
the best the future has in store. At the same time, we are proud to be steadfast in the
age old lesson that business has to offer...loyalty, genuine relationships, great
communication and the product excellence that this family has honored for more than
60 years.
'CUSTOMER TO CUSTOMER (C2C)'
DEFINITION
A businessmodelthatfacilitatesanenvironmentwhere customerscantrade witheach other. Two
implementationsof customer-to-customermarketsare auctionsandclassifieds.
Examplesof C2C:
 Ebay
 Craigslist
 Online AdorClassifieds
 Amazon.com
 Half.com

5. .
About Us
C2C wines is a family run business with a truly personal service. You can buy high
quality, affordable wines on-line with overnight delivery as standard on all orders to the
UK mainland. There are plenty of new wines to discover from producers who are just as
passionate about their terroire and vines as we are about our customer service and the
quality wine we supply.
C2B (Consumer–to-Business)
A consumer-to-business model, or C2B, is a type of commerce where a consumer or end user
provides a product or service to an organization. It is a reverse of the B2C model, where
businesses produce products and services for consumer consumption.

6. Example of c2b:
Vincent Rosso, the cofounder and head of BlaBlaCar, a shared car company, took part in a
round table during the latest Ecomm&Beers on collaborative consumption. This company is a
good example of C2B: you can look for someone who is driving on a specific date, at a specific
time, to a specific destination. You can ask for something highly specific, in very short time and
for very little money. BlaBlaCar has had strong penetration in the last semester, and, with
its unusual business model, it’s a good example of how to consume and grow in harsh times.

7. Business- to - Government(B2G)
B2G model isa variantof B2B model.Suchwebsitesare usedbygovernmenttotrade andexchange
informationwithvariousbusinessorganizations.Suchwebsitesare accreditedbythe governmentand
provide amediumtobusinessestosubmitapplicationformstothe government.
For example,we canpayour vehicle andboatregistrationfees,state,property,andfederalincome
taxes,parkingfees,andetc.

8. Government- to - Business(G2B)
Auctions,tenders GovernmentusesB2Gmodel website toapproachbusinessorganizations.Such
websitessupport andapplicationsubmissionfunctionalities.
For example:
G2B provides all the rulesrelatedtoTax,differentforms,andfacilityforsubmissionof online tax
returns.

9. Government to Consumer (G2C):
G2C (Government to Citizen) is a term that refers to the relationships between organizations
(subjects) of public administration and a citizen.
Example of G2C:
 paying taxes
 registering vehicles
 providing information and services
Website of G2C:

10. DEFINITION OF'TRANSACTION COSTS'
Expenses incurred when buying or selling securities. Transaction costs include brokers' commissions and
spreads (the difference between the price the dealer paid for a security and the price the buyer pays). The
transaction costs to buyers and sellers are the payments that banks and brokers receive for their roles in
these transactions. There are also transaction costs in buying and selling real estate. These fees include
the agent's commission and closing costs such as title search fees, appraisal fees and government fees.
.A numbersof kindsof transactioncost have come to be knownbyparticularnames:
 Search and information costs are costs suchas those incurredindeterminingthatthe
requiredgoodisavailable onthe market,whichhasthe lowestprice,etc.
 Bargaining costs are the costsrequiredtocome to an acceptable agreementwith the other
party to the transaction,drawingupan appropriate contractand so on.In game theory thisis
analyzedforinstance inthe game of chicken.Onassetmarketsand inmarketmicrostructure,
the transactioncost issome functionof the distance betweenthe bidandask.
 Policing and enforcementcostsare the costs of makingsure the otherparty sticksto the
termsof the contract, andtakingappropriate action(oftenthroughthe legal system) if this
turns outnot to be the case.
Preparedby
Maher
Manan