1. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
GROUP MEMBERS

2. GROUP AND TEAM WORK

3. Group & Work Teams
Group - two or more people with common interests,
objectives, and continuing interaction
Work Team - a group of people with complementary
skills who are committed to a common mission,
performance goals, and approach for which they hold
themselves mutually accountable

4. GROUPS
• A group can be defined as two or more
interacting and interdependent individuals
who come together to achieve particular
objectives. A group behavior can be stated as
a course of action a group takes as a family.
For example: Strike.

5. Characteristics of Groups
•Norms: standard of behavior that every
member of the group is expected to
follow.
•Conformity: behavior or actions that
follow the norms.
•Cohesiveness: forming a united whole

6. TYPES OF GROUPS
• There are two types of groups an individual
forms. They are formal groups and informal
groups. Let us know about these two groups.

7. FORMAL GROUP
• These are the type of work groups created by
the organization and have designated work
assignments and rooted tasks. The behavior of
such groups is directed toward achieving
organizational goals.
• A group consists of two or more persons who
interact with each other, consciously for the
achievement of certain common objectives.

8. • They can be divided into two sub groups
• Command group −
• It is a group consisting of individuals who report
directly to the manager.
• Interest group −
• It is a group formed by individuals working
together to achieve a specific objective.
• Example − A group of workers working on a
project and reporting to the same manager is
considered as a command group.

9. INFORMAL GROUP
• These groups are formed with friendships and
common interests. These can be further
classified into two sub-groups −
• Task group − Those working together to finish
a job or task is known as task group.
• Friendship group − Those brought together
because of their shared interests or common
characteristics is known as friendship group.

10. Stages of Group Development
•Forming : When members have begun to think of themselves
as part of group. (uncertainty ) .
•Storming: There will be a relatively clear hierarchy of
leadership within the group. (intragroup conflict)
• Norming : When the group structure solidifies and the group
has assimilated a common set of expectations of what defines
correct member behaviour. (Close Relationship
&Cohesiveness).
•Performing: Group energy has moved from getting to know
and understand each other to performing the task at hand.
•Adjourning: The final stage in group development for
temporary groups ,characterized by concern with wrapping up
activities rather than task performance.

11. • Why Do People Join Groups ????????
• There is no particular reason answering why
individuals join groups. Group helps individual
to feel stronger, have fewer self-doubts, and
be more contrary to threats.
• The following points help us understand the
need of joining a group by individuals −

12. • Security mirrors strength in numbers. Status pinpoints
a prestige that comes from belonging to a specific
group. Inclusion in a group is considered as important
because it provides recognition and status.
• Self-esteem transmits people's feelings of self-worth.
Membership can sometimes raise feelings of self-
esteem like being accepted into a highly valued group.
• Affiliation with groups can meet one's social needs.
Work groups significantly contribute to meet the need
for friendships and social relations.
• People may join a group for goal achievement.
Sometimes it takes more than one person to
accomplish a particular task.

13. OTHER REASONS FOR GROUP FORMATION
1.COMPANIONSHIP
2.SENSE OF IDENTIFICATION
3.SOURCE OF INFORMATION
4.JOB SATISFACTION
5.PROTECTION OF MEMBERS
6.OUTLET FOR FRUSTATION
7.PERPETUATION OF CULTURAL VALUES
8.GENERATION OF NEW IDEAS

14. Definition of Work Teams
A small number of people with complementary skills
who are committed to a common purpose, common
performance goals, and an approach for which they hold
themselves mutually accountable”.
-G. Moorhead and R.W. Griffin

15. Benefits of Work Teams
• Enhanced performance
• Employee benefits
• Reduced costs
•Organizational enhance
ments

16. Team Versus Group: What’s the Difference
•Work Group
A group that interacts
primarily to share
information and to
make decisions to help
each group member
perform within his or
her area of responsibility.
•Work Team
A group whose
individual
efforts result in a
performance
that is greater than the
sum of
the individual inputs.

18. Types of Teams
Problem-Solving Teams
Groups of 5 to 12 employees from the same
department who meet for a few hours each week
to discuss ways of improving quality, efficiency,
and the work environment.
Self-Managed Work Teams
Groups of 10 to 15 people who take on the
responsibilities of their former supervisors.

19. Cross-Functional Teams
Employees from about the same
hierarchical level, but from different
work areas, who come together to
accomplish a task.
• Task forces
•Committees

20. Virtual Teams
Teams that use
computer technology to
tie together physically
dispersed members in
order to achieve a
common goal.

21. Turning Individuals Into Team Players
The Challenges
Overcoming individual resistance to team
membership.
Countering the influence of individualistic
cultures.
Introducing teams in an organization that
has historically valued individual achievement
Shaping Team Players
Selecting employees who can fulfill their team
roles.
Training employees to become team players.
Reworking the reward system to encourage
cooperative efforts while continuing to recognize
individual contributions.

22. Teams and Quality Management
Team Effectiveness and Quality
Management Requires That Teams:
1. Are small enough to be efficient and effective.
2. Are properly trained in required skills.
3. Allocated enough time to work on problems
4. Are given authority to resolve problems and
take corrective action.
5. Have a designated “champion” to call on when
needed.

23. Three tests to see if a team fits the situation:
1. Is the work complex and is there a need for
different perspectives?
2. Does the work create a common purpose or
set of goals for the group that is larger than the
aggregate of the goals for individuals?
3. Are members of the group involved in
interdependent tasks?