SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 19
Baixar para ler offline
Soil Volume and Urban Forest




    Henry Mayer, Miami-Dade County Cooperative Extension Service
                Jimmy Socash, ASLA, JFS Design Inc.
                       CIAB Miami, 2008
“Meeting the Goals
         of the Miami-Dade County
          Street Tree Master Plan”
                 •Planning
                 •Planting
                 •Pruning
                 •Education and Growth
                 •Best Management Practices (BMP)


ROOT ZONE GROWING AREA

“Design the soil space under and adjacent to the hardscape to
sustain root growth – good trees well connected to the ground
only develop if the roots have room to grow”

                                   “Miami-Dade County Street Tree Master Plan”
                                                           Page 7- March 2007
Trees Growing in Confined
                                        Soil Spaces

                                        are Prone to Toppling…

                                        …Rate of growth is greatly
                                        reduced…and… will be short-
                                        lived.




“Better to plant a 50 cent tree in a
5 dollar hole than a 5 dollar tree in
a 50 cent hole”
“The major impediment to establishing trees in paved urban areas
is the lack of an adequate volume of soil for tree root growth.”

                                                 Urban Horticulture Institute
                                                           December 2000
Tree Plantings with restricted root zone areas
Comparative Soil Volumes
Brownsville Metrorail Station
Roots grow well beyond
           canopy edge




                           Dr. Ed Gilman, U of Florida

• Trees that normally grow a very expansive root
  system can become stressed and grow poorly in
  urban landscapes where soil space is limited

• The result can be poor tree health, damaged
  sidewalks and curbs, and other problems
How Much Soil ?
Larger Trees




                                 1200 CF
                                 Soil Volume =
                                 20’ x 20’ x 3’ depth


               20” Trunk
               Diameter               e
                               e s iz
                          f tre me
                    ti o o volu
                  Ra soil
                   to                      More Soil

                                                        JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA


               20” Trunk Diameter Tree will require
               20’ x 20’ x 3’ deep soil volume (min.).
Each Sq.Ft. of
canopy requires 1.5
    Cu.ft of soil

                      JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA
Trees with more rooting
         space survive winds better


                                       Campuses, Parks, Yards
                        Yards,
                        Parks
   Street trees,
Parking lots, Yards                          91%
                       73%                  survival
  64%                 survival
 survival
   0 to 3 m2            4 to 7 m2              > 7 m2
  (0 to 39 ft2)       (40 to 75 ft2)          (> 75 ft2)
Plant the Easy Places First.




        1                      4
                                   City of Sweetwater

    2             3

Develop design options that
    plant trees
in large soil resources.
     JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA         CIAB project
“ARBORIST NEWS”
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF
ARBORICULTURE (ISA)
August 2008
“Downtown Kendall Urban Center District”




 “Street Trees: …minimum caliper of six (6) inches and a minimum clear
              trunk of eight (8) feet at the time of planting.”

TYPICAL MINIMUM SIZE OF 18’ OVERALL HEIGHT

SITE PLAN PROVIDES STREET TREES BUT…
IN 3’ X 3’ SQUARES…(27 C.F. OF SOIL VOLUME )!


WILL THESE TREES GROW?

HOW LONG WILL THEY LAST? …7-10 YEAR AVERAGE!...

WHERE IS THE 1200 C.F. OF SOIL VOLUME?
Cornell University




1. INCREASE ROOT ZONE AREA…
      Use “CU Structural Soils” or
      “Deeproot Silva Cell” Applications

2. USE PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS…
“Deeproot Silva Cells”...




     JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA
Permeable Pavements…
           When integrated with “CU-Structural
           Soils” or “Deeproot Silva Cells” …


           “Vegetation is watered, reducing the
           need for irrigation …

           Ground water is recharged

           Water resources are preserved

           Stormwater runoff is reduced

           Stormwater runoff quality is
           improved.”

                          www.CoolCommunities.org
Permeable Pavements…




U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL (USGBC)
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) CERTIFIABLE

  “Pervious pavements can be made of concrete, asphalt, open-celled stones, and gravel, that
  are mixed in a manner that creates an open cell structure allowing water and air to pass
  through. For example, porous concrete can pass 3-5 gallons of water per minute, which is far
  greater than most conceivable rain events and highly effective in controlling storm water
  drainage. “
                                                       www.CoolCommunities.org
Tree Grates…




      …”The grate girdles the trunk... If the tree doesn’t die
first, it may lift the grate and create a hazard for
pedestrians.”
                                                  “New Urban News”
                                                  February 2005
Landscape code changes are
oftentimes tedious and lengthy…

Departmental Policy Decisions can
bypass this…

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Sustainable Landscaping: How To Guide
Sustainable Landscaping: How To GuideSustainable Landscaping: How To Guide
Sustainable Landscaping: How To GuideEric832w
 
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...Kardatou54a
 
Forest Friendly Development Practices
Forest Friendly Development PracticesForest Friendly Development Practices
Forest Friendly Development Practiceswatershedprotection
 
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements Grace Henry
 
Isa trees and construction mark
Isa trees and construction   markIsa trees and construction   mark
Isa trees and construction markAnnKoenig
 
The 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, Colorado
The 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, ColoradoThe 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, Colorado
The 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, ColoradoEric832w
 
Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff
Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff
Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff watershedprotection
 
Urban Watershed Forestry Concepts
Urban Watershed Forestry ConceptsUrban Watershed Forestry Concepts
Urban Watershed Forestry Conceptswatershedprotection
 
Tree selection
Tree selectionTree selection
Tree selectionAnnKoenig
 
4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment
4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment
4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establismentUC Davis
 
Gardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British Columbia
Gardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British ColumbiaGardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British Columbia
Gardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British ColumbiaFujita64g
 
Afforestation of denuded hill slopes mahesh kumain
Afforestation of denuded hill slopes  mahesh kumainAfforestation of denuded hill slopes  mahesh kumain
Afforestation of denuded hill slopes mahesh kumainsahl_2fast
 
MI: Landscaping For Water Quality
MI: Landscaping For Water QualityMI: Landscaping For Water Quality
MI: Landscaping For Water QualitySotirakou964
 
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of California
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of CaliforniaWater-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of California
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of CaliforniaKaila694m
 

Mais procurados (19)

Sustainable Landscaping: How To Guide
Sustainable Landscaping: How To GuideSustainable Landscaping: How To Guide
Sustainable Landscaping: How To Guide
 
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...
 
Forest Friendly Development Practices
Forest Friendly Development PracticesForest Friendly Development Practices
Forest Friendly Development Practices
 
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements
 
Isa trees and construction mark
Isa trees and construction   markIsa trees and construction   mark
Isa trees and construction mark
 
SLIDE Rules for Estimating Tree Irrigation Demand
SLIDE Rules for Estimating Tree Irrigation DemandSLIDE Rules for Estimating Tree Irrigation Demand
SLIDE Rules for Estimating Tree Irrigation Demand
 
The 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, Colorado
The 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, ColoradoThe 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, Colorado
The 7 Principles of Xeriscape - Parker, Colorado
 
Elements of landscape
Elements of landscape Elements of landscape
Elements of landscape
 
Trees, Soils and Mulch
Trees, Soils and MulchTrees, Soils and Mulch
Trees, Soils and Mulch
 
Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff
Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff
Using Trees To Reduce Stormwater Runoff
 
Landscape Design For Small Spaces
Landscape Design For Small SpacesLandscape Design For Small Spaces
Landscape Design For Small Spaces
 
Organic Gardening with Chipped Branch Wood
Organic Gardening with Chipped Branch WoodOrganic Gardening with Chipped Branch Wood
Organic Gardening with Chipped Branch Wood
 
Urban Watershed Forestry Concepts
Urban Watershed Forestry ConceptsUrban Watershed Forestry Concepts
Urban Watershed Forestry Concepts
 
Tree selection
Tree selectionTree selection
Tree selection
 
4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment
4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment
4 citrus site_selection_preparation_establisment
 
Gardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British Columbia
Gardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British ColumbiaGardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British Columbia
Gardening with Native Plants - Victoria, British Columbia
 
Afforestation of denuded hill slopes mahesh kumain
Afforestation of denuded hill slopes  mahesh kumainAfforestation of denuded hill slopes  mahesh kumain
Afforestation of denuded hill slopes mahesh kumain
 
MI: Landscaping For Water Quality
MI: Landscaping For Water QualityMI: Landscaping For Water Quality
MI: Landscaping For Water Quality
 
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of California
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of CaliforniaWater-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of California
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of California
 

Destaque

Com portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastruey
Com portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastrueyCom portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastruey
Com portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastrueyDigital Granollers
 
Test concurso el peso volumétrico. corrector
Test concurso el peso volumétrico. correctorTest concurso el peso volumétrico. corrector
Test concurso el peso volumétrico. correctorAmador Dominguez Esquivel
 
¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife
¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife
¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis NetlifeAdesis Netlife
 
Hadware y propuesta de un ordenador
Hadware y propuesta de un ordenadorHadware y propuesta de un ordenador
Hadware y propuesta de un ordenadorAli Gomez Sanjo
 
Semantic Web and Cultural Heritage Collections
Semantic Web and Cultural Heritage CollectionsSemantic Web and Cultural Heritage Collections
Semantic Web and Cultural Heritage CollectionsRyanRM
 
Producción y desarrollo sustentable
Producción y desarrollo sustentableProducción y desarrollo sustentable
Producción y desarrollo sustentableMaresBB
 
Publicacion sociedad informacion
Publicacion sociedad informacionPublicacion sociedad informacion
Publicacion sociedad informacionLUISITAQQQ
 
Evolis primeras preguntas_es
Evolis primeras preguntas_esEvolis primeras preguntas_es
Evolis primeras preguntas_esProsoftID
 
PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)
PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)
PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)RedAndaluzadeEcoescuelas
 
Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014
Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014
Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014amfck
 
Presentacion Sapos y Princesas
Presentacion Sapos y PrincesasPresentacion Sapos y Princesas
Presentacion Sapos y PrincesasNora Kurtin
 
Fi by upendar reddy,icwai
Fi by upendar reddy,icwaiFi by upendar reddy,icwai
Fi by upendar reddy,icwaiUpendar Reddy
 
Microsoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textos
Microsoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textosMicrosoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textos
Microsoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textoseclipasio
 

Destaque (20)

Com portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastruey
Com portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastrueyCom portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastruey
Com portar a terme un networking efectiu a càrrec de rosaura alastruey
 
Folha 113
Folha 113Folha 113
Folha 113
 
Test concurso el peso volumétrico. corrector
Test concurso el peso volumétrico. correctorTest concurso el peso volumétrico. corrector
Test concurso el peso volumétrico. corrector
 
¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife
¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife
¿Solo existe Google? - Adesis Netlife
 
F Næringsliv 2010
F Næringsliv  2010 F Næringsliv  2010
F Næringsliv 2010
 
Hadware y propuesta de un ordenador
Hadware y propuesta de un ordenadorHadware y propuesta de un ordenador
Hadware y propuesta de un ordenador
 
Semantic Web and Cultural Heritage Collections
Semantic Web and Cultural Heritage CollectionsSemantic Web and Cultural Heritage Collections
Semantic Web and Cultural Heritage Collections
 
Producción y desarrollo sustentable
Producción y desarrollo sustentableProducción y desarrollo sustentable
Producción y desarrollo sustentable
 
Publicacion sociedad informacion
Publicacion sociedad informacionPublicacion sociedad informacion
Publicacion sociedad informacion
 
Evolis primeras preguntas_es
Evolis primeras preguntas_esEvolis primeras preguntas_es
Evolis primeras preguntas_es
 
PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)
PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)
PRESENTACIÓN ECOESCUELAS CPR ALTO GUADALQUIVIR (JAÉN)
 
Public Sector National Accounts
Public Sector National AccountsPublic Sector National Accounts
Public Sector National Accounts
 
Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014
Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014
Micro massage des tendons rotulien et quadricipital - Robert TRAVERSA IFMK2014
 
Finlandia mercado de alimentos y vinos
Finlandia mercado de alimentos y vinosFinlandia mercado de alimentos y vinos
Finlandia mercado de alimentos y vinos
 
Presentacion Sapos y Princesas
Presentacion Sapos y PrincesasPresentacion Sapos y Princesas
Presentacion Sapos y Princesas
 
Asi es mi barrio.
Asi es mi barrio.Asi es mi barrio.
Asi es mi barrio.
 
Cartilhade cheque
Cartilhade chequeCartilhade cheque
Cartilhade cheque
 
Monografia de scrum
Monografia de scrumMonografia de scrum
Monografia de scrum
 
Fi by upendar reddy,icwai
Fi by upendar reddy,icwaiFi by upendar reddy,icwai
Fi by upendar reddy,icwai
 
Microsoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textos
Microsoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textosMicrosoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textos
Microsoft word es un software destinado al procesamiento de textos
 

Semelhante a Soil Volume Structural Soils (Socash) 2008 Sept Miami Dade Ciab

Soil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in Cities
Soil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in CitiesSoil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in Cities
Soil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in CitiesBen Gooden
 
State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.
State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.
State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.Arbor Day Foundation
 
Tree biology, benefits, and the urban
Tree biology, benefits, and the urban Tree biology, benefits, and the urban
Tree biology, benefits, and the urban maurban
 
Dessication near trees cameron 01
Dessication near trees cameron 01Dessication near trees cameron 01
Dessication near trees cameron 01igbindrawan
 
Mgv Tree Planting
Mgv Tree PlantingMgv Tree Planting
Mgv Tree PlantingMike Maddox
 
4 Mulches And Practical Turf
4 Mulches And Practical Turf4 Mulches And Practical Turf
4 Mulches And Practical Turfsherylwil
 
Room 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry LearningRoom 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry Learningclairer
 
Street Tree Care for New Yorkers
Street Tree Care for New YorkersStreet Tree Care for New Yorkers
Street Tree Care for New YorkersGil Lopez
 
Room 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry LearningRoom 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry Learningclairer
 
Construction damage
Construction damageConstruction damage
Construction damageAnnKoenig
 
Supply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three Decades
Supply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three DecadesSupply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three Decades
Supply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three DecadesKristi Lucas
 
A fforestation on roadside sandesh bolakhe
A fforestation on roadside   sandesh bolakheA fforestation on roadside   sandesh bolakhe
A fforestation on roadside sandesh bolakhesahl_2fast
 

Semelhante a Soil Volume Structural Soils (Socash) 2008 Sept Miami Dade Ciab (13)

Soil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in Cities
Soil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in CitiesSoil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in Cities
Soil Vault Systems for Healthy Trees in Cities
 
State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.
State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.
State of the Science using Trees for Sotrmwater Management.
 
Tree biology, benefits, and the urban
Tree biology, benefits, and the urban Tree biology, benefits, and the urban
Tree biology, benefits, and the urban
 
Dessication near trees cameron 01
Dessication near trees cameron 01Dessication near trees cameron 01
Dessication near trees cameron 01
 
Mgv Tree Planting
Mgv Tree PlantingMgv Tree Planting
Mgv Tree Planting
 
4 Mulches And Practical Turf
4 Mulches And Practical Turf4 Mulches And Practical Turf
4 Mulches And Practical Turf
 
Room 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry LearningRoom 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry Learning
 
Street Tree Care for New Yorkers
Street Tree Care for New YorkersStreet Tree Care for New Yorkers
Street Tree Care for New Yorkers
 
Room 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry LearningRoom 18 Inquiry Learning
Room 18 Inquiry Learning
 
A Guide to Raised Bed Gardening in Miami-Dade County, Florida
A Guide to Raised Bed Gardening in Miami-Dade County, FloridaA Guide to Raised Bed Gardening in Miami-Dade County, Florida
A Guide to Raised Bed Gardening in Miami-Dade County, Florida
 
Construction damage
Construction damageConstruction damage
Construction damage
 
Supply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three Decades
Supply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three DecadesSupply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three Decades
Supply Deterioration Of Soil Health During Past Three Decades
 
A fforestation on roadside sandesh bolakhe
A fforestation on roadside   sandesh bolakheA fforestation on roadside   sandesh bolakhe
A fforestation on roadside sandesh bolakhe
 

Soil Volume Structural Soils (Socash) 2008 Sept Miami Dade Ciab

  • 1. Soil Volume and Urban Forest Henry Mayer, Miami-Dade County Cooperative Extension Service Jimmy Socash, ASLA, JFS Design Inc. CIAB Miami, 2008
  • 2. “Meeting the Goals of the Miami-Dade County Street Tree Master Plan” •Planning •Planting •Pruning •Education and Growth •Best Management Practices (BMP) ROOT ZONE GROWING AREA “Design the soil space under and adjacent to the hardscape to sustain root growth – good trees well connected to the ground only develop if the roots have room to grow” “Miami-Dade County Street Tree Master Plan” Page 7- March 2007
  • 3. Trees Growing in Confined Soil Spaces are Prone to Toppling… …Rate of growth is greatly reduced…and… will be short- lived. “Better to plant a 50 cent tree in a 5 dollar hole than a 5 dollar tree in a 50 cent hole”
  • 4. “The major impediment to establishing trees in paved urban areas is the lack of an adequate volume of soil for tree root growth.” Urban Horticulture Institute December 2000
  • 5. Tree Plantings with restricted root zone areas
  • 7. Roots grow well beyond canopy edge Dr. Ed Gilman, U of Florida • Trees that normally grow a very expansive root system can become stressed and grow poorly in urban landscapes where soil space is limited • The result can be poor tree health, damaged sidewalks and curbs, and other problems
  • 8. How Much Soil ? Larger Trees 1200 CF Soil Volume = 20’ x 20’ x 3’ depth 20” Trunk Diameter e e s iz f tre me ti o o volu Ra soil to More Soil JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA 20” Trunk Diameter Tree will require 20’ x 20’ x 3’ deep soil volume (min.).
  • 9. Each Sq.Ft. of canopy requires 1.5 Cu.ft of soil JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA
  • 10. Trees with more rooting space survive winds better Campuses, Parks, Yards Yards, Parks Street trees, Parking lots, Yards 91% 73% survival 64% survival survival 0 to 3 m2 4 to 7 m2 > 7 m2 (0 to 39 ft2) (40 to 75 ft2) (> 75 ft2)
  • 11. Plant the Easy Places First. 1 4 City of Sweetwater 2 3 Develop design options that plant trees in large soil resources. JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA CIAB project
  • 12. “ARBORIST NEWS” INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ARBORICULTURE (ISA) August 2008
  • 13. “Downtown Kendall Urban Center District” “Street Trees: …minimum caliper of six (6) inches and a minimum clear trunk of eight (8) feet at the time of planting.” TYPICAL MINIMUM SIZE OF 18’ OVERALL HEIGHT SITE PLAN PROVIDES STREET TREES BUT… IN 3’ X 3’ SQUARES…(27 C.F. OF SOIL VOLUME )! WILL THESE TREES GROW? HOW LONG WILL THEY LAST? …7-10 YEAR AVERAGE!... WHERE IS THE 1200 C.F. OF SOIL VOLUME?
  • 14. Cornell University 1. INCREASE ROOT ZONE AREA… Use “CU Structural Soils” or “Deeproot Silva Cell” Applications 2. USE PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS…
  • 15. “Deeproot Silva Cells”... JAMES URBAN, FASLA, ISA
  • 16. Permeable Pavements… When integrated with “CU-Structural Soils” or “Deeproot Silva Cells” … “Vegetation is watered, reducing the need for irrigation … Ground water is recharged Water resources are preserved Stormwater runoff is reduced Stormwater runoff quality is improved.” www.CoolCommunities.org
  • 17. Permeable Pavements… U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL (USGBC) LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) CERTIFIABLE “Pervious pavements can be made of concrete, asphalt, open-celled stones, and gravel, that are mixed in a manner that creates an open cell structure allowing water and air to pass through. For example, porous concrete can pass 3-5 gallons of water per minute, which is far greater than most conceivable rain events and highly effective in controlling storm water drainage. “ www.CoolCommunities.org
  • 18. Tree Grates… …”The grate girdles the trunk... If the tree doesn’t die first, it may lift the grate and create a hazard for pedestrians.” “New Urban News” February 2005
  • 19. Landscape code changes are oftentimes tedious and lengthy… Departmental Policy Decisions can bypass this…