Geert Lovink /Media, Networks, Platforms/2016 hagnzhou

14. Klaus Theweleit Adilkno Friedrich Kittler

15. Four stages of internet culture:
1. Military-academic non-commercial sub-cultural stage
of cyberculture until 1992 (email, usenet, ftp, UNIX, txt-
only)
2. Dotcom-Wall St. stage of e-commerce until
2000/2001 (HTML, homepages, virtual communities,
net.art)
3. Post dotcom crash/911 ‘free’ Web 2.0 (driven by user
generated content, blogs, YouTube, Second Life)
4. The Internet After 2008: Social media monopolies of
intermediates (Amazon, Apple, Google, Facebook,
Twitter)

16. Four traditions of network research:
1. Social Network Analysis (mapping social relations,
coming out of sociology of the 1970s): Granovetter,
Dunbar a.o.
2. Network society approach of Manuel Castells (social
movements) and Barry Wellman (internet research)
3. Mathematical network principles of Barabasi, Watts
and others
4. Humanities emphasis of networks (post rhizome)
influenced by Deleuze and Guattari: net criticism and
media theory of Chun, Galloway, Fuller, Lovink etc.

18. Task: Designing FEDERATED (D)