Influenza8p

[object Object],Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases National Immunization Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Revised December 2004

Note to presenters: Images of vaccine-preventable diseases are available from the Immunization Action Coalition website at http://www.vaccineinformation.org/photos/index.asp

Influenza ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Virus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Virus Strains ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],A/Fujian/411/2002 (H3N2) Neuraminidase Hemagglutinin Type of nuclear material Virus type Geographic origin Strain number Year of isolation Virus subtype

Influenza Antigenic Changes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Antigenic Changes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],Year 1889 1918 1957 1968 1977 Subtype H3N2 H1N1 H2N2 H3N2 H1N1 Severity of Pandemic Moderate Severe Severe Moderate Mild

Impact of Pandemic Influenza ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Pathogenesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Clinical Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Complications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impact of Influenza ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impact of Influenza ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hospitalization Rates for Influenza By Age and Risk Group* Age Group 0-11 mos 1-2 yrs 3-4 yrs 5-14 yrs 15-44 yrs 45-64 yrs > 65 yrs Rate** (high-risk) 1900 800 320 92 56-110 392-635 399-518 Rate** (not high-risk) 496-1038 186 86 41 23-25 13-23 125-228 * Data from several studies 1972 - 1995 ** Hospitalizations per 100,000 population

Influenza Diagnosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Epidemiology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Month of Peak Influenza Activity United States, 1976-2002 15% 23% 42% 12% 4% 4%

Influenza Vaccines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Composition of the 2004-2005 Influenza Vaccine* ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*strains in (parenthesis) are antigenically identical to the selected strains and may be used in the vaccines

Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Efficacy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],RR=1.9 RR=2.0 RR=2.5 RR=4.2 *Inactivated influenza vaccine. Genesee County, MI, 1982-1983 Vaccinated* Unvaccinated

LAIV Efficacy in Healthy Children ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LAIV Efficacy in Healthy Adults ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Timing of Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Programs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],Age Group 6-35 mos 3-8 yrs > 9 yrs Dose 0.25 mL 0.50 mL 0.50 mL No. Doses 1* or 2 1* or 2 1 *Only one dose is needed if the child received influenza vaccine during a previous influenza season

Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pregnancy and Inactivated Influenza Vaccine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

HIV Infection and Inactivated Influenza Vaccine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Vaccine Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*household and other close contacts of immunosuppressed persons should not receive LAIV

Influenza Vaccine Recommendations* ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*these groups may receive TIV, and some may be eligible for LAIV

Influenza Vaccination of Children ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

In the 2001 National Health Interview Survey, only 36% of healthcare workers reported receiving influenza vaccine in the previous 12 months.

Influenza Vaccination of HCWs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Dosage, by Age Group, United States ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],* LAIV or inactivated vaccine

Live Attenuated Influenza Indications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*Persons who do not have medical conditions that increase their risk for complications of influenza

Vaccination of Healthcare Workers and Close Contacts of Immunosuppressed Persons ,[object Object],[object Object]

Simultaneous Administration of LAIV and Other Vaccines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Adverse Reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Adverse Reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Contraindications and Precautions ,[object Object],[object Object]

Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Contraindications and Precautions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*These persons should receive inactivated influenza vaccine

Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Contraindications and Precautions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*These persons should receive inactivated influenza vaccine

LAIV Storage and Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Vaccine Strategies to Improve Coverage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Vaccine Missed Opportunities ,[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza Antiviral Agents* ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*see influenza ACIP statement for details

Influenza Surveillance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

National Immunization Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influenza8p

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Influenza8p

Editor's Notes