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IMMIGRATION Presents by: Huong Ha Malek Abualrejal Gabriel Chai Andy Wu

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Social theories of immigration MELTING POT SALAD BOWL

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Immigration by Countries <ul><li>The top twelve migrant-sending countries in 2006, by country of birth, were Mexico (173,753), People's Republic of China (87,345), Philippines (74,607), India (61,369), Cuba (45,614), Colombia (43,151), Dominican Republic (38,069), El Salvador (31,783), Vietnam (30,695), Jamaica (24,976), South Korea (24,386), Guatemala (24,146), Other countries - 606,370. [ </li></ul>

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Number of unauthorized migrants

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Legal Immigration Data in California <ul><li>U.S. </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Immigration Admission (96-05) 8,737,612 </li></ul></ul><ul><li>California </li></ul><ul><ul><li>California Immigrant Admissions by Fiscal Year (96-05) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>average annual number of about 246,939 new immigrants (01-05) </li></ul></ul>California Immigrant Admissions by Fiscal Year (96-05) 2,188,655 Total 232,023 FY’05 252,920 FY’04 175,579 FY,03 291,216 FY,02 282,957 FY’01 217,753 FY’00 161,247 FY’99 170,126 FY’98 203,305 FY’97 201,529 FY’96

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Illegal Immigration Data in California <ul><li>U.S. </li></ul><ul><ul><li>More than 13 Million Illegal Aliens (Federation for American Immigration Reform – FAIR) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>88 Percent Increase Since 2000 </li></ul></ul><ul><li>California </li></ul><ul><ul><li>illegal alien population (2007) - 3,470,000 persons </li></ul></ul>

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Borack Obama Secure borders Put in place a serious program of employer sanctions. Give citizenship for illegals after they pay fines, learn English, not involved in criminal activities, and get in line. Hillary Clinton Require the knowledge of the identities of all people who cross our borders. In favor of comprehensive immigration reform, Give immigrants a chance to stay and get legal status John Edwards Illegals crossing border is a serious problem. Need more effective job of policing border. Illegal immigrants should be able to “earn” American citizenship by paying fines and learning English.

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Rudy Giuliani technological fence tamper-proof ID card. pay a penalty Pay back taxes Learn English and American history <ul><li>John McCain </li></ul><ul><li>secure our borders. </li></ul><ul><li>temporary worker program . </li></ul><ul><li>national security </li></ul><ul><li>make illegals earn citizenship because they have broken our laws </li></ul>Fred Thompson enforcement at the border has to be primary. Not giving federal money for illegals who have sanctuary cities in violation of the law

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Stop Banks from Granting Credit Card to Illegal Aliens <ul><li>Introduced by Senator Vitter introduced </li></ul><ul><li>The bill (S. 2393) limit the types of identification banks may accept for the purpose of opening accounts, and subsequently issuing credit cards. </li></ul><ul><li>the types of identification documents that may be used to open bank accounts </li></ul><ul><ul><li>(1) a social security number </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>(2) a valid foreign passport </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>(3) an alien registration number </li></ul></ul>

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<ul><li>Most organizations and individuals are effected with the immigration and immigration laws in positive and negative impact. </li></ul>

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Companies points of view <ul><li>Pros: </li></ul><ul><li>It helps keep the economy moving by filling low-wage jobs </li></ul><ul><li>It creates a pool of consumers for a variety of goods and services. </li></ul><ul><li>They open bank accounts that yield interest and dividends to bankers </li></ul><ul><li>Many purchase auto insurance and contribute to insurers profits margins. </li></ul><ul><li>It help to hire people with more qualification </li></ul><ul><li>Immigrant are more likely to work harder </li></ul><ul><li>Do not pay health insurance for illegal immigrant </li></ul><ul><li>Moving to other countries </li></ul><ul><li>Farmers are able to plant and harvest less expensively </li></ul><ul><li>High-technology don’t have to outsource. </li></ul>

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Electronic system <ul><li>National Federation of Independent Business </li></ul><ul><li>73% think employers should be required to use a government-run employee verification system </li></ul><ul><ul><li>to verify their employees are eligible to work in the United States </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Federal contractors and large employers would be required to use the government's now-voluntary E-Verify system </li></ul><ul><ul><li>100 and 250 workers - 2 years before </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>30 and 99 workers - 3 years </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>< 30 employees - 4 years </li></ul></ul>

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Companies points of view (cont.) <ul><li>Cons: </li></ul><ul><li>Harder to find people with skill and quantity they need </li></ul><ul><li>Some of them do not speak English well enough </li></ul><ul><li>it is getting harder every year to give H1-B visa </li></ul><ul><li>Hiring people with less qualifications </li></ul><ul><li>Risk to move to other countries for cheaper labor </li></ul>

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Employees points of view <ul><li>Pros: </li></ul><ul><li>It provides a better lifestyle for those who enter the country legally. </li></ul><ul><li>Millions of illegal rent properties in depressed areas where renters are hard to fulfilled. </li></ul><ul><li>People will have more opportunity to know different cultures and make the world as one </li></ul><ul><li>More worker in the labor force with less pays so it reduce the amount of work </li></ul>

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Employees points of view <ul><li>Cons </li></ul><ul><li>Lost open jobs that they could of fulfilled </li></ul><ul><li>Imbalance in authorized immigration quotas </li></ul><ul><li>Drove business to move to other countries </li></ul><ul><li>Disparity between legal immigrants who follow the rules and those who don’t. </li></ul><ul><li>They may get fired so illegal with less pay get their jobs </li></ul><ul><li>They risk death when traveling the desert to reach the borders (illegal) </li></ul><ul><li>Those who successfully inter illegally inspire those whom left behind to do the same. Those who got jobs and stay inspire more and more immigration. </li></ul>

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General public points of view <ul><li>2006 polls across the nation show that: </li></ul><ul><li>70% of Americans favor allowing illegal immigrants to register as &quot;guest-workers” </li></ul><ul><li>74% of Americans favor allowing illegal immigrants in the U.S. citizenship if they learn English, have a job and pay taxes. </li></ul><ul><li>82% of Americans say the U.S. is not doing enough to keep &quot;illegals,&quot; from entering the country. </li></ul><ul><li>71% of Americans favor providing and enforcing penalties for employers convicted of hiring illegal immigrants. </li></ul><ul><li>62% of Americans favor stopping illegal immigrants from entering the U.S. &quot;by whatever steps necessary.” </li></ul><ul><li>40% of Americans support deporting all illegal immigrants. </li></ul><ul><li>A majority of Americans (65%) feel they &quot;take jobs Americans don't want&quot; versus 29% who feel they &quot;take away jobs that are wanted by Americans.“ </li></ul><ul><li>67% of Americans do not have confidence that a fence between the United States and Mexico would reduce the number of illegal immigrants. </li></ul><ul><li>51% of Americans think illegal immigrants &quot;mostly make a contribution&quot; to American society, compared to 42% who feel they are &quot;mostly a drain.&quot; </li></ul><ul><li>47% of Americans think that entering and remaining in the U.S. illegally should be a serious criminal offense. </li></ul>

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What is the real value of American citizenship?

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Pros of illegal immigrant <ul><li>Contributions to social security funds often go unclaimed . </li></ul><ul><li>Illegal immigrants pay taxes. </li></ul><ul><li>Diversity of culture. </li></ul><ul><li>It’s humane. </li></ul>

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Cons of illegal immigration <ul><li>Burden on tax-based resources, costing taxpayers billions of dollars. </li></ul><ul><li>Difficult prosecution and justice when perpetrators flee the country. </li></ul><ul><li>No government reimbursement to offset states illegal alien maintenance costs. </li></ul><ul><li>Potential negative effects on working and middle-class citizens. </li></ul><ul><li>Millions of U.S. dollars remitted to Mexico. </li></ul><ul><li>Fake document mills. </li></ul><ul><li>Interstate human trafficking. </li></ul><ul><li>Population health risks due to no pre-entry immunizations. </li></ul><ul><li>Increase in road traffic and usage, injurious or fatal accidents. </li></ul><ul><li>Congestion of tax-based public parks and recreation. </li></ul><ul><li>Overcrowding of public schools. </li></ul><ul><li>Growing number of uninsured illegal aliens who can’t pay for claims. </li></ul><ul><li>Monopolization of Spanish language in various segments of society. </li></ul><ul><li>Lack of true ethnic </li></ul>

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Sun Microsystems Inc. <ul><li>The Issue: </li></ul><ul><li>Backlogs in the EB visa (green card) </li></ul><ul><li>Restrictive caps on temporary visa (H-1B) </li></ul><ul><li> on skilled workers. </li></ul>

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Sun’s Position: <ul><li>Fix both the temporary (H-1B) and the permanent (green card systems )that we rely upon to help fuel our innovation and growth </li></ul><ul><li>H-1B workers do not take jobs from Americans. </li></ul><ul><li>Global competition is fierce. </li></ul><ul><li>This is about global competitiveness . </li></ul>

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Cont’d <ul><li>H-1B workers make up a small percentage of our total workforce (under 5%). </li></ul><ul><li>If we cannot hire here, we are going to hire abroad </li></ul><ul><li>It makes no sense to invest in the education and training of highly skilled individuals only to send them back to another country to compete against us </li></ul><ul><li>The majority of H-1B's Sun hires are students graduating from U.S. colleges and universities </li></ul>

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Hewlett Packard <ul><li>The Issue: </li></ul><ul><li>Employer face a number of Obstacles when it comes to Workforce Planning, </li></ul><ul><li>H-1B Caps </li></ul><ul><li>Employment-based visa backlogs </li></ul><ul><li>Backlogs at U.S Citizenship and Immigration services .(USCIS) </li></ul>

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HP’s Position <ul><li>1. Opening U.S Borders to skilled individuals allows American companies: </li></ul><ul><li>Maintain and grow innovation </li></ul><ul><li>Produce American jobs </li></ul><ul><li>Ensure a healthy company </li></ul><ul><li>Contribute to the nation’s economy and remain competitive in global marketplace. </li></ul>

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Cont’d <ul><li>2. In the long-term, the U.S. needs a coordinated strategy to expand the education pipeline for American students studying science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) </li></ul><ul><li>3. In the short-term, we need a commonsense approach to immigration policy that creates incentives for both U.S. and foreign workers to develop valuable skill sets that can be used in the U.S. permanently. </li></ul>