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THE IRISH CULTURE,[object Object],[object Object]
Lauren Heikes, Lisa Holt, Lola Jackson, Ieesha Irving, & Thomas Gwinn
August 9th,2011,[object Object]
TheNonverbal Use of Clothing:
Formal Eadaigh: Medieval and Renaissance Times, IrishDancers, Kilts, IranKnits, and Saint Patricks Day Attire (By Lauren Heikes)
Informal (ByIeesha Irving)
Rituals:
Verbal Traditions (By Lola Jackson)
Nonverbal Traditions (By Thomas Gwinn)
Festivals:
Cultural Traditions (By Lisa Holt)
Thegoal of thispresentationisto explore and betterunderstandIreland’s culture byexplaining and exploringthehistorythatshapedIreland’speople as well as the country. TheIrish culture willalso be definedthroughthreeimportantnonverbalaspects: the use of clothing, theIrishrituals, aswell as festivals and thetraditionspresented. ,[object Object]
HISTORY/BACKGROUND OF IRELAND,[object Object],[object Object]
4,000 years later, tribes from Southern Europe arrived and established a high Neolithic culture.
Ireland’s famous patron saint didn’t actually come from Ireland. Saint Patrick was taken prisoner from his family home in Britain by Irish raiders and was brought to Ireland to work as a shepherd. After Patrick escaped back to Britain, he had a vision from God telling him to return to Ireland as a missionary. Now credited with introducing Christianity to Ireland, relics of St Patrick’s time here can be seen all over Ireland. One of the best known is Croagh Patrick in County Mayo, where Patrick fasted for 40 days in 441AD. Today, pilgrims climb the mountain every year on the last Sunday in July. Saint Patrick’s remains are believed to be buried in the grounds of Downpatrick Cathedral, County Down.
The Vikings first launched their attack on Ireland in 795AD. And in 837AD, 60 Viking Dragon warships appeared at the mouth of the River Liffey. Five years later, Dublin was taken under force, but the Vikings were attacked by the local Irish and fled. They returned 17 years later under Olaf the White and made a permanent settlement at Dyflinn (later to be Dublin). The King’s Palace stood on the present, Dublin Castle site, and part of the town’s defenses can still be seen at the Undercroft in Dublin Castle.Top of For
The latter half of the 19th century was a period of tragedy in Irish history.  Ireland was struck by the Great Famine caused by a potato blight that struck crops over a four-year period from 1845-49. Over two million people emigrated to other and from 1848-1950 over six million Irish fled the land. Now the Irish diaspora is thought to contain over 80 million people scattered all over the globe. 
Modern Ireland now enjoys more immigration than emigration. Thanks in large part to the boom of the Celtic Tiger economy in the 1990s, the Ireland of the 21st century is a vibrant, culturally rich and ethnically diverse country with an entirely youthful and optimistic outlook – over half the population is under 30, after all!Information Source: http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~fianna/history/,[object Object]
THE NONVERBAL USE OF CLOTHING IN IRELAND ,[object Object],Image Source: http://www.googleimage.com/stpatricksdayclothing.jpg,[object Object]
Formal Clothing(Traditional: Medieval & Renaissance Times, Irish Dancers, Kilts, Aran Knits, and St. Patrick’s Day)BY Lauren Heikes,[object Object],Source: http://dcpages.com/gallery/ Washington-DC-St-Patricks-Day-Parade/DSC02078.jpg.html,[object Object],Image Source: http://www.dalefield.com/knitting/,[object Object]
Irish Eadaigh(Nonverbal Use of  Formal Clothing: APPEARANCE),[object Object],Source:http://www.google.com/images=irish+clothing=http://www.topinvestorleads.com/feg-traditional-irish-clothing.php,[object Object],Eadaigh means “clothing” in the Irish language.,[object Object],Appearance:,[object Object],Many cultures around the world place a high value on appearance: including clothing. The clothing worn conveys ones sense of culture to others. “Although we believe “clothes don’t make the man,” clothing and artifacts do affect how we feel about ourselves and how we are perceived by others” (Beebe et al., 2010; p. 95).  All forms of traditional clothing  in Ireland, from the color green- to the Aran knit sweater- to the kilt, have made an impact on the views of the Irish culture. ,[object Object],http://www.gowealthy.com/travel/culture/Traditional-dress-of-Ireland.html,[object Object]
http://www.the-irish-path.com/irish-traditional-clothing.html,[object Object],http://www.gowealthy.com/gowealthy/wcms/en/home/articles/traveldress-of-Ireland.html,[object Object],Traditional Style (Medieval & Renaissance),[object Object],The traditional dress of Ireland during the early days was inspired by the Gaelic and Norse costumes.,[object Object],14th Century: Men wore a linen shirt called a leine (seen on rt.) ,[object Object],Women wore long dresses that often laced up in the front. They are decorated with hand-embroidered Celtic designs based on the Book of Kells and Irish stone crosses (seen to rt. and top lt. corner). ,[object Object],Both men and women wore shaggy brats (cloaks in Irish) called mantles mostly of scarlet coloring. The cloak or brat was a symbol of rebellion during the suppression since it enabled the rebels to endure the worst weather while holding out in the mountains (seen lt. bottom corner).,[object Object],During the 18th and 19th century they began dressing like the English.,[object Object],During some of that time it was actually against the law to wear the traditional clothing. ,[object Object],The most common colors used in the dress were green and white. Red was deliberately avoided because of its relevance to England. The ancient Irish were fond of bright colors, as it was a mark of high social status in the community to be allowed to wear more than one color (rt. Bottom corner).,[object Object],source:http://www.the-irish-path.com/irish-traditional-clothing.html,[object Object],Image Source: http://www.googleimage.com/irishcloak.jpg,[object Object],Information Source: http://www.gowealthy.com/gowealthy/wcms/en/home/articles/travel/culture/Traditional-dress-of-Ireland-MdehXbCxQa.html,[object Object],Image source: www.allthingswhiskey.com/irelandflag.jpg,[object Object]
Irish Dancers,[object Object],[object Object]
When a female dancer reaches a high standard of skill and displays perfection in competitions, she may wear a solo dress with her own unique choice of color and design
The crios, worn by some dancers, is a colored hand-woven belt originally worn by Aran Islanders.
Pipers wear a kilt and in 1910 male dancers began to wear kilts as well.
Men dancers wear a jacket and trousers or kilt regardless of level.
Women dancers just started wearing shoes a century ago.
Around 1924, soft shoes were introduced for the first time by girls dancing jigs, reels and slip jigs.Image Source: http://www.alligator.org/news/collection_46caf772-ad1c-5cae-95a7-330ef20a2a41.html,[object Object],Image Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_stepdance,[object Object],Source of Information: http://www.gowealthy.com/gowealthy/wcms/en/home/articles/travel/culture/Traditional-dress-of-Ireland-MdehXbCxQa.html,[object Object]
Kilts in Ireland are typically a solid color.,[object Object],Kilts did not originate in Ireland but instead Scotland. ,[object Object],The Irish turned to their Gaelic cousins, the Scottish Highlanders, for inspiration. The Irish chose to adopt a solid-colored (or self-colored) kilt, dyed either green or saffron.,[object Object],From the late 1800’s the pipers began to wear the kilt,[object Object],From 1910 on the male dancers began to wear this form of dress. They became popular to step dance in the 1930’s and 1940’s.,[object Object],Greann “Fun” Facts About Kilts,[object Object],Information Source: http://www.gaelicclothing.com/irishkilts.htm,[object Object],Image Source: http://www.datehookup.com/irelandkilt.jpg,[object Object],Image Source: http://www.aef16.dial.pipex.com/irishkiltclub.htm,[object Object],Image Source: http://superstock.com/irelandkilt.jpg,[object Object]
Aran Knits,[object Object],The Aran Stitch was first introduced in the 17th Century,[object Object],The the traditional name for the Aran wool is ‘bainin’, pronounced ‘bawneen’, and is the Irish word for undyedwool.  ,[object Object],Aranknitting originated in the Aran Isles six miles west of the Ireland coast.,[object Object],The islands are part of the county Galway, where fishing is the main industry.,[object Object],Tradition has it that the original Aran sweaters incorporated patterns that could identify a drowned fisherman if lost at sea. ,[object Object],The patterns for each family are handed down generation to generation and many incorporated these traditional patterns into the knitted sweaters that the men wore.,[object Object],Patterns Include: ,[object Object],heavily embossed stitches and intricate patterns,[object Object],usually knit in the natural off white yarn,[object Object],Made with wool that was partially scoured (washed), the wool retained much of the natural oil, or lanolin and made the sweaters more water resistant. ,[object Object],The original sweaters were knit with a wide range of natural colors: today we regard the cream as the authentic color and most popular color for all types of Aran garments.  The lighter color, especially the cream, shows the stitches off in the greatest detail.,[object Object],The Aran stitches are very distinctive and traditionally Aran sweaters will incorporate as many as eight patterns in a sweater. ,[object Object],Each stitch type has a symbolic meaning. ,[object Object],Information and Image Source: http://www..irishcultureandcustoms.com/aemblem/sweaters.html,[object Object]
St Patrick’s Day,[object Object],[object Object]
On St Patrick’s Day (March 17th) most people wear a small bunch of shamrocks pined to the outside of their coat.
The three leaves of the shamrock symbolizes the teaching of the holy trinity by St Patrick: he used the three leaves of a shamrock to explain the Christian holy trinity: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.Information Source: http://thefastertimes.com/news/2011/03/17/slainte-celebrating-st-patricks-day/,[object Object],Image Source: http://thefastertimes.com/news/2011,[object Object],/03/17/slainte-celebrating-st-patricks-day/,[object Object],Image Source: http://www.google.com/three-leaf-clover.jpg,[object Object]
Informal ClothingBy: Ieesha Irving  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Flashy colors and styles, white pants, and nylon jogging outfits do not blend into Irish style.
A raincoat or an umbrella is needed year round, since you can experience “four seasons” in one day.
The Irish Dress modestly and conservatively.

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Ireland Culture Communication Presentation!

  • 1.
  • 2. Lauren Heikes, Lisa Holt, Lola Jackson, Ieesha Irving, & Thomas Gwinn
  • 3.
  • 5. Formal Eadaigh: Medieval and Renaissance Times, IrishDancers, Kilts, IranKnits, and Saint Patricks Day Attire (By Lauren Heikes)
  • 8. Verbal Traditions (By Lola Jackson)
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. 4,000 years later, tribes from Southern Europe arrived and established a high Neolithic culture.
  • 15. Ireland’s famous patron saint didn’t actually come from Ireland. Saint Patrick was taken prisoner from his family home in Britain by Irish raiders and was brought to Ireland to work as a shepherd. After Patrick escaped back to Britain, he had a vision from God telling him to return to Ireland as a missionary. Now credited with introducing Christianity to Ireland, relics of St Patrick’s time here can be seen all over Ireland. One of the best known is Croagh Patrick in County Mayo, where Patrick fasted for 40 days in 441AD. Today, pilgrims climb the mountain every year on the last Sunday in July. Saint Patrick’s remains are believed to be buried in the grounds of Downpatrick Cathedral, County Down.
  • 16. The Vikings first launched their attack on Ireland in 795AD. And in 837AD, 60 Viking Dragon warships appeared at the mouth of the River Liffey. Five years later, Dublin was taken under force, but the Vikings were attacked by the local Irish and fled. They returned 17 years later under Olaf the White and made a permanent settlement at Dyflinn (later to be Dublin). The King’s Palace stood on the present, Dublin Castle site, and part of the town’s defenses can still be seen at the Undercroft in Dublin Castle.Top of For
  • 17. The latter half of the 19th century was a period of tragedy in Irish history.  Ireland was struck by the Great Famine caused by a potato blight that struck crops over a four-year period from 1845-49. Over two million people emigrated to other and from 1848-1950 over six million Irish fled the land. Now the Irish diaspora is thought to contain over 80 million people scattered all over the globe. 
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. When a female dancer reaches a high standard of skill and displays perfection in competitions, she may wear a solo dress with her own unique choice of color and design
  • 25. The crios, worn by some dancers, is a colored hand-woven belt originally worn by Aran Islanders.
  • 26. Pipers wear a kilt and in 1910 male dancers began to wear kilts as well.
  • 27. Men dancers wear a jacket and trousers or kilt regardless of level.
  • 28. Women dancers just started wearing shoes a century ago.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. On St Patrick’s Day (March 17th) most people wear a small bunch of shamrocks pined to the outside of their coat.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. Flashy colors and styles, white pants, and nylon jogging outfits do not blend into Irish style.
  • 37. A raincoat or an umbrella is needed year round, since you can experience “four seasons” in one day.
  • 38. The Irish Dress modestly and conservatively.
  • 39. Tweeds, wools and subdued colors are recommended.
  • 40. Women tend to wear peacoats or a waterproof jacket .
  • 41. Accessories such as leather boots, scarves, and gloves are a necessity.
  • 42. Royalty and the highest upper classmen wore red; which was considered an expensive color.
  • 43. The middle class often wore a combination of grey, black, and yellow. These were the natural coloring of wool and the saffron dye.
  • 44. The lowest class wore whatever they could afford, usually this entailed old and used earth colored garments.
  • 45. Clothing are worn based on activities. For instance people who work outdoors would wear rubber boots (called Wellingtons) and many layers for warmth. People that work in an office would wear business suits or black pants and skirts; and collared shirts and ties for men.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Mayyoulive as long as youwant, and neverwant as long as youlive.
  • 54. Maythe lord keepyou in Hishand and nevercloseHisfisttootight.
  • 55. A toasttoyourcoffinmayitbe of 100 yearoldoak. And mayweplantthetreetogethertomorrow.
  • 56.
  • 57. You never miss the water till the well has run dry.
  • 58. A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor’s book.
  • 59. Remember, if you lose all, keep your good name; for if you loose that you are worthless.
  • 60.
  • 61. Maythosewholoveus, loveus. And thosethatdon’tloveus, MayGodturntheirhearts, And if he doesn’tturntheirhearts, May he turntheirankles, So wemayknowthembytheirlimping.
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64. Bring a box of good chocolates and a good bottle of wine for the host
  • 65. Offer to help with clearing the dishes after a meal.
  • 66. Table manners are relatively relaxed and informal.
  • 67. Table manners are Continental (the fork is held in the left hand and the knife in the right)
  • 68. Do not rest your elbows on the table, although your hands should remain visible and not be in your lap.
  • 69. Women always sit first at the table!
  • 70. It is proper to sit with legs crossed at the ankles or at the knees
  • 71. It is informal to cross your ankle over your knee.
  • 72.
  • 73. Irish business people are generally less formal and more outwardly friendly than in many European countries.
  • 74. The basic greeting is a handshake and it should be firm and confident.
  • 75. Eye contact denotes trust and is maintained during a greeting.
  • 76. It is customary to shake hands with older children.
  • 77. Greetings tend to be warm and friendly and often turn Into conversations.
  • 79. It’scommonpracticetopayfor a round of drinksforeveryone in yourgroup
  • 81. Refusinga drink can be perceived as aninsult.
  • 82.
  • 83. A giftdoesn’tneedto be expensive, itisthethought of givingsomething personal thatcounts.
  • 84. Ifgivingflowers, do notgivelillies, they are used at religiousfestivities, and do notgivewhiteflowers as they are uses at funerals.
  • 86.
  • 87.
  • 88.
  • 89. An icon:  Represent the other side, or dance in the opposing party's shoes.
  • 90. A stylization:  Express the feelings about the conflict through gestures and movement.
  • 91. A metonym:  Convey the most important thing about the conflict though movement.
  • 92. A metaphor:  Use a kinesthetic metaphor to represent the conflict.
  • 93.
  • 94.
  • 95.
  • 96.
  • 97.
  • 98.
  • 99.
  • 100.
  • 101.
  • 102.
  • 103.
  • 104.
  • 105.