The Color Of Freedom After The Turbulent ‘60s

2. THE COLOR OF FREEDOM AFTER THE TURBULENT „60S
1. Antebellum (Farming) era-
a. Diaspora
b. Origin of African American culture
c. Chattel Slavery and capitalism
2. Post Antebellum(Machinery) – Post Reconstruction – The struggle
for freedom the pursuit of happiness begin
a. Economic ruin and bitterness from civil war
b. Black code and Jim Crow Laws
c. Color barrier
3. Present era Globalization, Transnationalism, Today‟s Disparities in
education(HSD ,Foster care) economic and healthcare(mental health)

3. “The Color of Freedom After The Turbulent ‟60s”
an educational text to supplement courses in African
American studies and/ or other courses in social sciences
1.Develop a competent knowledge of black cultural heritage.
2.Become competent in social cultural dialogue with other cultures and subcultures in society.
3.Understand and appreciate the culture evolutionary changes that has been occurring in ADOBAS since the „60s.
4.Promote a healthy cultural identity, behavior, and attitude in the black family, school, and community.
5.Promote a healthy cultural dialogue with other African Descendants from other countries.
6.Understand and appreciate the cultural ties differences between ADBOAS and African descendants of other
countries.
7.Utilize the culture heritage of African American‟s as a road map to understanding how social, political, and economic
institutions in society and processes develop: from kinship structures, to the evolution of political offices, to trade
relations, to the transfer of environmental knowledge.
8.Examine culture heritage and values from a perspective of the contemporary black family, class-stratification and the
conditions and prospects of the modern black family.

4. African American studies must be recognized
as an essential tool used to measure the growth
and disparities of our cultural heritage. As such
it can be used as landmarks or maps in
economic, education, and healthcare as a guide
to the fulfilling the “American Dream”.

5. African American studies provides a cultural evolutionary
perspective to understanding dilemmas that pose the following
threats to African Americans in the 21st century.
1.Difference b/w environmental and cultural poverty?
2.Why is there violence in African American youth?

6. 3. Could the lack of respect or understanding
the culture of emotional emancipated people
be associated with increase in mental illnesses
( Depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder,
and atypical aggressive behaviors) seen in
African American youth today?

7. 4.Has the citizenship status of Blacks been devalued since the
passing of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964?
Factors that have Impacted on citizenship status
• Incarceration rate – devalued rights (2nd class citizens)
• Immigrations –influx of immigrants displacement of rights
and benefits
• High School Drop out rate- associated with increase in
incarceration, and lack of empowerment in exercising their
civil rights

8. 5.How has gentrification impacted the
moral and economic status of
disadvantaged cultures in inner city
communities?

9. Significance of African American studies to acknowledge
cultural heritage for future generations African Americans
1.Change the mind set and behavior of the people necessary to promote healthy
growth and behavior for future generations.
2. Claim rightful places among others in society.
3.*Oral Culture(AF) vs. writing culture(EUP )that has censored history

10. THE POWER OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
/BELIEF
• IT IS NO SECRETS TO EDUCATORS THAT TEACHING CULTURAL HERITAGE
HAS A POWERFUL INFLUENCE ON LEARNING BEHAVIORS TO ACHIEVE
SUCCESS OR EDUCATIONAL GOALS AND NOT THE REVERSE.
• “WE SEE THE WORLD THROUGH THE LENS OF WHATEVER CULTURE WE ARE
FROM AND THAT IS HOW WE MAKE DECISIONS” SHELLY ADLER,PHD,UCSF

11. THE IMPACT OF THE “I HAVE A DREAM”
SPEECH ON CULTURE BELIEF - 8/63
• THE DREAM SPEECH(8/63) WAS VERY POWERFUL BUT WAS OVERSHADOWED BY THE ASSASSINATION
OF FORMER PRESIDENT KENNEDY (11/63). HOWEVER, THE TWO EVENTS SYNERGISTICALLY LEAD TO THE
FULFILLING THE “DREAM” -PASSING OF THE CRB‟64.
• THE PURPOSE OF THE CRB‟64 WAS TO PROVIDED BLACKS AND OTHERS ACCESS TO LIVE THE DREAM
(LIVE, LIBERTY AND PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS).
• HENCE THE SPEECH BECAME POWERFUL BECAUSE THE DREAM WAS FULFILLED BY THE PASSING OF
CRB‟64.

13. DESCRIPTION OF THE TURBULENT „60S
Memorialized by marching, protesting, violent beatings, enduring water hosing, sit-ins, to overcome
the deep seated social unjust against blacks in an era that ended by the passing of the Civil Rights
Bill 1964(CRB‟64).The CRB‟64 helped determined the fate of African American culture by
providing equal access in areas of society to the following ;
*1.VOTING RIGHTS *2.EDUCATION *3.HEALTHCARE
*4.EMPLOYMENT

14. DESCRIPTION OF THE TURBULENT „60S
The Bill empowered African Americans and
other disadvantaged cultures with equal
protection and practice of their civil rights in
society.

15. HIGHLIGHTS AFTER THE TURBULENT ‟60S
•The state of despair in the Black community after the assassination of Dr.
King(1968)was evident as the need for local grass root community
organizations to empower the civil rights movement diminished.
•Therefore, it became easy to invade and attack black communities “A
repeat of colonization in the motherland was being repeated in the black
inner cities of this country”.

16. HIGHLIGHTS AFTER THE TURBULENT ‟60S
•Mobilization –influx of other cultures into the inner city community(
predominantly Black).
•Closure of schools and businesses in the black community with
mandatory busing into white communities.
•Local community leaders(teachers, doctors and businessmen)
relocated to other communities.
•National Rise of Gangs and Drugs began late „60s

17. THE IMPACT OF THE MARCH AND THE
SPEECH “I HAVE A DREAM” - TODAY
• However, there are others areas (education, economic, family ties and healthcare) where the dream has
been shattered or not fulfilled.
• According to Jimmy Carter March on Washington Speech, Huffington Post, 8/28/13. Former President
Carter railed against a recent Supreme Court decision that effectively erased a key anti-discrimination
provision of the Voting Rights Act (suppress the right to votes by making it difficult).
• He bemoaned or continue to moan a nation awash in guns with too many black Americans in prison.
• Former President Carter said “he knows how King would have reacted, adding that "there's a
tremendous agenda ahead of us."

18. CRB‟64 AND 14TH AMENDMENT
• The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States
Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868,(After E.Proc.) provides that no state shall deny
to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
• A primary motivation for this clause was to validate and perpetuate the equality provisions
contained in the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed that all people would have rights equal
to those of white citizens. As a whole, the Fourteenth Amendment marked a large shift in American
constitutionalism, by applying substantially more constitutional restrictions against the states than
had applied before the Civil War.

19. CRB‟64 AND 14TH AMENDMENT
The second, third, and fourth sections of the 14th amendment are seldom, if ever, litigated. The fifth
section gives Congress enforcement power. The amendment's first section includes several clauses:
the Citizenship Clause, Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection
Clause. The Citizenship Clause provides a broad definition of citizenship, overruling the Supreme
Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), which had held that Americans descended from
African slaves could not be citizens of the United States. The Privileges or Immunities Clause has
been interpreted in such a way that it does very little.

20. My people perish because of a lack knowledge-incarceration
devalued rights -Repeat of the Past(State vs. Citizens rights
Sovereignty- 14th Amendment)
Today - incarceration - 2012
Antebellum era

21. CRB‟64 IMPLICATION TO THE 14TH ADMENDENTS
Today citizenship is loss by the failure to address
national epidemic of high school dropouts, gang
violence, early labeling of behavior disorder in primary
school age kids. All are associated with increased risk of
incarceration and entering the cycle of hopelessness.
The importance of teaching these grass roots tactics
protect rights of future generations.

22. Origin and purpose of African American studies
established in the aftermath of the turbulent „60s.
Civil right activist, Angela Davis and the Black Panthers Party began their
campaign to help empower the Black community in San Francisco Bay area
engaging the Black community of their civil rights to overcome societal unjust
behaviors. This began the changes in laws and police behaviors in the Black
community (residential housing and business isolated part of society).
Hence African American studies was developed to inform and empower the
community thru students civil rights activists that serve as advocates for the
community.

23. 50 years later, Blacks continue to struggle to
overcome educational, economic and mental
health disparities that are societal origin.
These disparities continue to have an adverse
impact on the growth and empowerment of
African Americans in society.

24. DOES EDUCATION GUARANTEE BLACKS AN INDEPENDENT
WAY OF LIVING ?

25. EDUCATIONAL DILEMMA
•Deception was that education provided the same quality of life, liberty and pursuit
of happiness as others in society .
•Reset the mindset – scripture renewing of your mind to change attitude and
behaviors
•Old view-way of earning a living vs. tool use to serve others
•However, the dilemma did not take away the belief that education empowers !

26. EDUCATIONAL DILEMMA
•Education is the key to economic freedom but it doesn‟t guarantee health,
financial success or happiness.
•Economic freedom can be associated with economic enslavement and unhealthy
behaviors in families (division) and society.
•***Education and Culture ties to family and community have been shown to be
associated with healthier behavior patterns and longevity

27. Philadelphia, 1946

28. THE IMPACT OF VIOLENCE ON THE DREAM
Clearly the lives of young Blacks i.e. Emmit Till, Travon Martin, were cut short by
violence. However, the increased number of incarceration, high school dropout,
and single parents are also areas that deny future generation from living the dream.
These are areas that we must correct by repositioning the mindsets of our youth on
ways to better live the “Dream”.

29. THANKS
• GIVE YOUR SELF A HAND FOR CHOOSING AN HBCU
• MANY OF YOUR HIGH SCHOOL CLASSMATE OR CLOSE FRIENDS ARE NOT HERE

30. QUICK QUIZ
(MATCHING )
1. MERVYN DYMALLY
2. DRED SCOTT
3. DOUGLAS WILDER
4. SHIRLEY CHISHOLM
5. A. PHILLIP RANDOLPH
6. .JAMES CHENEY
7. CHARLES R.DREW
8. CARTER G.WOODSON
9. BARBARA JORDAN
10. EMMITT TILL
A. First African American women to seek to seek democratic
nomination to run for president.
B. First African American female US Senator from Texas
C. Congress of Racial Equality worker killed in Mississippi voter
registration
D. founder of Black History Month
E. 1St African American Governor – Virginia (1990s)
F. African American whose name is assoc. with free vs. slave
state and the civil war
G. discovered blood plasma
H.15 y/o African American male killing brought national
attention to social injustices in state of Mississippi
I. Civil right activist fought for equal pay in unions for African
Americans and others
J. 1st African-Trinidadian American LT. Governor of State
of California

31. EVALUATION
• Was the material presented helpful in relating to other courses in history and political sciences?
Yes or No
• Could such material be used to help define or support your educational and/or career goals? Yes
or No
• Could this material be used to promote and redefine a healthy culture identity in the black family
and community? Yes or No