Blood has several components including plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Plasma is mostly water that carries waste and nutrients, red blood cells carry oxygen and carbon dioxide using hemoglobin, and white blood cells fight infections. Blood typing involves the ABO system which determines if red blood cells have A, B, or no antigens, and the Rh factor which indicates if they have an additional antigen. Blood transfusions match the recipient's blood type to avoid rejection, with O- blood being the universal donor type.

1. Blood 6th Grade Science

2. I. Components Plasma Liquid part of blood 90% water 10% waste & nutrients Take waste away from cells Deliver nutrients Yellow color – Protein i. Water balance ii. Fight germs iii. Blood clotting

3. B. Blood Cells Red Blood Cells i. One key protein – Hemoglobin a. Bind to O2 in lungs by letting go of CO2 b. Bind CO2 in tissues and let go of O2 ii. Lifespan: 120 days iii. No nucleus

4. 2. White Blood Cells Fight off germs Numbers: 1 for every 1,000 blood cells Lifespan: months to decades Nucleus

5. C. Platelets Cell fragments Function: Block blood flow i. Activate chemical fibrin in plasma to create scab

6. II. Blood Typing ABO Modifications on surface of Red Blood Cells A (added to surface) B (added to surface) O (Nothing added to surface)

7. B. Rh factor Additional modification of red blood cells i. If you have it Rh positive ii. If you don’t have it Rh negative

8. C. Blood Transfusions 1. Your body attacks whatever your cells don’t make i. A- a. Then you will attack cells with B or Rh b. You can get A- or O- ii. AB+ a. Then you see everything as normal b. You can get A-, A+, B-, B+, AB-, AB+, O-,O+ c. Called universal acceptor (any blood works for you) iii. O- a. Then anything on cells you react to b. You can only get O- c. You can give to anyone “Universal Donor”

9. III. Lymphatic System System of tubes to return liquid to blood 1. Called lymph fluid B. Lymph Nodes 1. Filter fluid checking for germs 2. Can be closed if infected