This document discusses the use of mobile phones for healthcare and public health initiatives, known as mHealth. It details the 12 main clusters of mHealth applications, including patient communication, access to web-based resources, point-of-care tools, disease management, education, and more. The document examines how widespread mobile phone ownership is globally and among different populations. It argues that mHealth offers opportunities to improve individual and population health as well as address disparities, but that barriers still exist that must be overcome for successful initiatives.

1. Driving Change with mHealth
Kevin A. Clauson, PharmD

2. This slide deck is comprised of lectures
delivered at Nova Southeastern University
Colleges of Medicine (MI) and Pharmacy
(PHA) in the following courses:
MI 6410 Consumer Health Informatics and
Web 2.0 in Healthcare
PHA 5203 Consumer Health Informatics
and Web 2.0 in Healthcare

3. Objectives
 Detail the use of mobile phones in various
populations
 Examine the 12 clusters of mHealth
 Discuss how mHealth can be used to
enact change and improve health
 Delineate hurdles and psychosocial issues
associated with mHealth initiatives

4. mHealth is the use of mobile devices
and global networks to deliver health
services and information

5. mHealth Devices
Smartphones
o iPhone
o Blackberry (RIM)
o Misc
o iPad/TabletPC
o PDA
o USB

6. Who uses mobile phones?

7. According to
CTIA Wireless
Survey, mobile
penetration in
the US was
69% in 1995

8. Today mobile
penetration in
the US is 91%
Source: CTIA 2009

9. This translates
to 82% of
American
adults owning
a cell phone*
Owns
*Range: 57% (65+) to 90% (18-29) Does not own
Pew Cell Phones and American Adults 2010

10. The United Arab Emirates boasts
a 204% mobile penetration rate
UAE Telecommunication Regulatory Authority

11. Wireless-only households in the
US went from untracked in 1995…

12. …to almost a tenth of
households by 2005…

13. …and grew to a quarter of all
households by 2009

14. Pew Internet Mobile Access 2010
87% of blacks
and Hispanics
own a cell phone*
*Compared to 80% of whites

15. Pew Internet Mobile Access 2010
Hispanics use
their phone to go
online and to text
more frequently
than any other
group*
*English-speaking Hispanics

16. Pew Internet Teens and Mobile Phones 2010
Texting has eclipsed all other forms of
communication for teens to connect with friends

17. 31% of teens
who take
phones to
school text
every day
during class
Pew Internet Teens and Mobile Phones 2010

18. Due to connectivity, accessibility, and
preferences – teens may be
particularly well suited for targeted
mHealth interventions

19. Antisocial Phone Tricks
http://www.ted.com/talks/renny_gleeson_on_antisocial_phone_tricks.html

20. The 12 Clusters of mHealth
mHealth Initiative – Peter Waegemann
http://www.mobih.org/observatory/

21. 1) Patient Communications

22. 2) Access to
web-based
resources
How SmartPhones Are Changing Healthcare
for Consumers and Providers 2010

24. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2010;3(5):482-90.

25. 3) Point of Care
The 12 Clusters of m-health
• 3) Point of Care

26. “That it will ever
come into general
use…is extremely
doubtful”
- London Times in 1834
appraising value of
stethoscope
J Healthc Inf Manag 2010;24(3):9-10.

27. 4) Disease Management
HIV
medication
and visit
adherence
Trials 2009;10:87.

29. Walgreens sees hockey-stick growth
for text alert program
Mickey Alam Khan
By
August 13, 2010
BALTIMORE – SMS text alerts are a big hit for Walgreens Co., a $63 billion drugstore
chain which puts its 7,500 stores nationwide at the center of all marketing and
commerce.
Walgreens has seen tremendous growth in registrations for its prescription SMS alerts in
the eight months since the Chicago company began the program. In fact, SMS sign-up
is outpacing email, according to a senior executive.
“Both are growing, but text alerts are hockey-sticking – we weren’t expecting that,” said
Abhi Dhar, chief technology officer for ecommerce at Walgreens.

30. Cough into your cell phone
• Diagnostic extender;
help with triage/
decision making
• $100,000 grant by
Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation

31. 5) Point of Care Education

32. Video telephony-enhanced teaching
of needle thoracocentesis
Emerg Med J 2009;26:177-179.

33. 6) Professional Communication

34. 7) Administrative Applications
J Biomed Inform 2010;43(1):75-80.

35. 8) Financial Apps

36. 9) Ambulance/EMS

37. 10) Public
Health

38. How did
purposefully
limiting access
to this creation
cost millions of
lives?
SuperFreakonomics: Global Cooling, Patriotic Prostitutes, and
Why Suicide Bombers Should Buy Life Insurance, 2009.

39. http://
www.vimeo.com/10354420

40. Frontline SMS:Medic
• Add poptech vid about frontline SMS
viemo from mindof blog
http://vimeo.com/7392090

41. How do we
balance needs
with available
resources?

42. Text BABY to 511411
Envia BEBE al 511411
para Español
www.text4baby.org

43. Mobile
Giving

45. 11) Research Data/image collection by
first responders
Data collection in 11
languages in Africa
Self-administered
sensitive data
collection
in Peru

46. Mobile Mediated Research
• Fewer inconsistencies and missing
values with the PDA-based system
vs. paper-based system
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak
2008;8:11.
• PDA-based systems less likely to
suffer from transcription errors and
data more easily analyzable
Eval Rev 2003;27(2):165-78.
• Review of PDA-based collection
vs. paper
J Clin Epidemiol 2007;60(1):8-17.

48. 12) Body Area Network Applications
EDA Tech Forum 2008

49. Wearable Cardiac Monitoring System
Bluetooth heart monitor records
ECG and transmits information
via patient's phone
Analyzer circuit checks the ECG
signal for signs of cardiac failure
Cell phone automatically alerts
the patient and nearest medical
center via SMS
International Journal of Electronic Healthcare 2007;3(3):303-16..

52. What would it be worth to keep you or a
family member living independently?
JAMA 2002;287(8):1022-8.

53. Wireless Assisted Living
One way to help manage
the approaching storm of
an increasingly aging
population…

54. „Nana technology‟ vs Nanotechnology
J
Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2008;63(3):298-307.

56. mHealth
Security
Measures

57. How young is too young?

58. The changing nature of mobile
mediated social interactions

59. JAMA 2009;302(11):1159-60.
Honk if you love Jesus
Text to meet Him!
if you’re ready

60. JAMA 2009;302(11):1159-60.
Texting increases crash risk
by 23.2 times!

61. Policymakers
Interoperability
Scalability
Change management
Culture

62. “Let‟s make
technologies that
make people more
human, and not less”
- Renny Gleeson

63. Summary
mHealth offers opportunities to improve
individual and population based health as
well as address health disparities
Strategy is to find the tech that serves as a
solution, not the reverse
Barriers exist for mHealth initiatives as
with all aspects of healthcare

64. Images
• http://www.mhealthalliance.org/
• http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/business/consuminginterests/blog/apple-iphone.jpg
• http://www.letsgomobile.org/images/news/blackberry/blackberry-bold.jpg
• http://regmedia.co.uk/2005/05/11/htc_mda.jpg
• http://www.ixbt.com/editorial/images/itogi/itogi2k2-may/TabletPC2_H.jpg
• http://www.ted.com/talks/renny_gleeson_on_antisocial_phone_tricks.html
• http://www.doh.state.fl.us/family/mch/text4baby/text4baby.html

65. Images
• http://pillbox.nlm.nih.gov/
• http:// www.handylife.com/
• http://www.mobilemarketer.com/cms/news/commerce/7071.html
• http://dianhasan.wordpress.com/2010/03/29/mobile-phone-innovation-cough-into-your-phone-and-get-
diagnostics-theres-an-app-for-that-too/
• http://www.airstriptech.com/
http://jeffreyleow.wordpress.com/2008/06/10/iphone-in-medical-education/
• http://emj.bmj.com/content/26/3/177.long

66. Images
• http://www.mobiletor.com/img/motorola-droid-phone.jpg
• http://theandroidsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/twitter30.png
• http://www.ushahidi.com/platform
• http://www1.sciencemuseum.org.uk/hommedia.ashx?id=8903&size=Small
• http://www.mirlabs.org/jias/800px-Open_Access_PLoS.png
• http://www.vimeo.com/10354420
• http://www.mhealthsummit.org/conference/speakers-moderators
• http://vimeo.com/7392090

67. Images
• http://www.mgive.com/
• http://s3.edatechforum.com/legacy_images/june2008/images/eda0806_tou1.jpg
• http://www.excointouch.com/
• http://www.fitbit.com/
• http://www.jasonhill.com/wp-content/2009/06/zeo.png
Unreferenced pictures are
licensed images

68. Recommended Poolside Reading
Waegemann CP. mHealth: the next
generation of telemedicine? Telemed J E
Health 2010;16(1):23-5.
Vital Wave Consulting. mHealth for
Development: The Opportunity of Mobile
Technology for Healthcare in the
Developing World, 2009.
Smith A. Mobile Access 2010. Pew
Internet & American Life Project, July
2010.
Lenhart A, Ling R, Campbell S, Purcell K.
Teens and Mobile Phones. Pew Internet
& American Life Project, April 2010.
Lenhart A. Cell phones and American
adults. Pew Internet & American Life
Project, September 2010.

69. www.unhub.com/kevinclauson

70. Thank You!