1. EKG Basics

3. The Normal Conduction System

6. Waveforms and Intervals

9. Standard Limb Leads

10. Standard Limb Leads

11. Augmented Limb Leads

12. All Limb Leads

13. Precordial Leads Adapted from: www.numed.co.uk/electrodepl.html

14. Precordial Leads

15. Summary of Leads V 1 -V 6 aVR, aVL, aVF (augmented limb leads) Unipolar - I, II, III (standard limb leads) Bipolar Precordial Leads Limb Leads

16. Arrangement of Leads on the EKG

17. Anatomic Groups (Septum)

18. Anatomic Groups (Anterior Wall)

19. Anatomic Groups (Lateral Wall)

20. Anatomic Groups (Inferior Wall)

21. Anatomic Groups (Summary)

24. What is the heart rate? (300 / 6) = 50 bpm www.uptodate.com

25. What is the heart rate? (300 / ~ 4) = ~ 75 bpm www.uptodate.com

26. What is the heart rate? (300 / 1.5) = 200 bpm

29. What is the heart rate? 33 x 6 = 198 bpm The Alan E. Lindsay ECG Learning Center ; http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/

31. The QRS Axis By near-consensus, the normal QRS axis is defined as ranging from -30 ° to +90 ° . -30 ° to -90 ° is referred to as a left axis deviation (LAD) +90 ° to +180 ° is referred to as a right axis deviation (RAD)

33. Determining the Axis Predominantly Positive Predominantly Negative Equiphasic

36. Quadrant Approach: Example 1 Negative in I, positive in aVF  RAD The Alan E. Lindsay ECG Learning Center http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/

37. Quadrant Approach: Example 2 Positive in I, negative in aVF  Predominantly positive in II  Normal Axis (non-pathologic LAD) The Alan E. Lindsay ECG Learning Center http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/

39. Equiphasic Approach: Example 1 Equiphasic in aVF  Predominantly positive in I  QRS axis ≈ 0° The Alan E. Lindsay ECG Learning Center ; http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/

40. Equiphasic Approach: Example 2 Equiphasic in II  Predominantly negative in aVL  QRS axis ≈ +150° The Alan E. Lindsay ECG Learning Center ; http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/