Isocrates, an ancient Greek rhetorician, used the technique of persuasion by division in some of his works. While identification, where a speaker identifies their ideas with the audience, is a common rhetorical strategy, Isocrates at times chose division, where he divided himself from his audience. In works like The Panegyricus and The Antidosis, Isocrates alternated between identifying with and dividing from his Athenian audience, depending on his rhetorical goals and how to most effectively persuade them. Both identification and division can be effective techniques for persuasion according to the circumstances.