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Delivering powerful presentations
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Delivering powerful presentations. Public speaking. An approach to effective communication.
José María PalomaresSeguir
Experienced communications, marketing & social media senior executive. em ING DIRECT EspañaAnúncio
Delivering powerful presentations
- DELIVERING POWERFUL PRESENTATIONSAN APPROACH TO SUCCESSFUL COMMUNICATION http://josemariapalomares.com/about/ @chemapalomares
- BE RELEVANT, BE DIFFERENT
- YOU DON’T NEED TO SHOUT OR TO ACT AS A CLOWN JUST APPLY A SELLING PERSPECTIVE! YOU DON’T NEED TO SHOUT OR TO ACT AS A CLOWN JUST APPLY A SELLING PERSPECTIVE!
- “Communication is about getting others to adopt your point of view” “The presentation is to make an emotional sale” Seth Godin, author of Really bad powerpoint
- 1. MESSAGE 2. AUDIENCE 3. TECHNIQUES 4. RECOMMENDATIONS 5. DON’T DO 6. INSPIRATION’S SOURCES
- 1 Messag e
- What is the most important ingredient of a successful presentation?
- The main idea
- What is my absolutely central point?
- Can you pass the elevator test?
- Express your idea in one clear and succinct sentence. Everything else in your presentation will support your key message 1 Message
- • Set the idea • Create a headline that sets the direction for your presentation. • Give the audience a reason to listen. • Make your theme clear and consistent simple
- Show the main idea up front. “Today I want to show you how the new distribution strategy will give you new business opportunities in your area” simple
- If you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough. Albert Einstein
- • Limita el número de ideas a comunicar. easy Limited number of key ideas.
- Make sure your information is clear, well organized and easy to follow Create a table of contents easy
- Make numbers and statistics meaningful and memorable easy If Facebook were a country, it would be the 3rd in terms of population after China and India, and before USA
- 5 Gb or 1,000 songs in your pocket? easy
- Concentrate in the relevant information. Do not ramble on about irrelevant stuff or precedents concret e “The secret of being a bore is to tell everything” Voltaire.
- Talk in terms of benefits for the audience concret e
- Only facts and figures that support your message. Reliable sources and testable credentials credible
- MAKE IT SHORT Studies show that listeners loose attention after approximately 20 minutes. short http://www.speakingaboutpresenting.com/content/7-ways-audience-attention-presentation/
- WELL STRUCTURED Welcome and thank you Key message (headline / main purpose) Define the problem Benefits of solving the problem Proposed solution Reinforce key message Conclusion & next steps (call to action)
- the KISS method KEEP IT SIMPLE & STRAIGHTFORWARD
- Audience2
- What do you have to know about your audience?
- • Number • Language • Background • Attitude • Expectations • Who is whoAudienc e
- …and remember who you are for them! • Your role: expert, leader, provider, client, boss, etc. • Your reputation (and your company’s) Audienc e
- So yo must… • addapt your language and your style • decide if interaction is good (it doesn’t always work) • give the right information (quantity & quality) Audienc e
- Techniques 3 Storytelling Anecdotes and personal experiences Repetition Quotes and testimonials Body language
- Original way to transmit knowledge to the next generation. Proven method to communicate effectively and to gain empathy. A way to engage, move and inspire the audience. Martin Luther King said ‘I have a dream,’ not ‘I have a strategy and a vision’. Storytelling
- including personal experiences and turning dry statistics and numbers into a compelling plot line can truly move an audience Obama includes many personal experiences in his speeches to support his message and to persuade his audience. Anecdotes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOR3n68Qf2w
- Repetiti on Repetition guarantees your message is internalized. You can say the same thing in many different ways. Use this tecnique for the core message or for a very difficult concept.
- Quotes “Less is more” Van Der Rohe (1886-1969), arquitect & designer Reinforce your message and add credibility
- Body language and attitude • 93 % communication is non verbal* *Prof. A. Mehrabian: 7% of information is given by words, 38% by the voice and 55% by body language
- • Kind attitude: smiling is free! • Eye contact • High energy: show enthusiasm and energy. Body language and attitude
- • Dress code: “You never get a second chance to make the first impression” Body language and attitude
- Be natural: move around, walk, use your hands… Do not hide behind the podium Be aware of mannerisms (hand movements, use of “ums” “ahs”….) Body language and attitude
- Use your sense of humour (unless you don’t have it!) Positive emotions help you to engage your audience Body language and attitude
- • Don’t turn your back to the audience • Try not to interfere with the projection Body language and attitude
- Recommendations 4
- • 1/3 thinking and scripting • 1/3 building slides • 1/3 rehearsing Preparation
- • Take a pencil and a piece of paper before you open your laptop. • Take your time. Good preparation is 80% of success. • Avoid “cut and paste” Preparation
- • Not too fast (particularly important in an international meeting or when explaining difficult concepts) • Try to vary your pace, volume, tone, emphasis… ie: key ideas or conclusions remarks are best presented at a slower rythm. Speaking
- The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed pause. Mark Twain
- Choose an adequate font (easy to read and understand) Just one or two! Slides
- Adequate font size Colours that contrast with the background
- Slides Remark only what it is really remarkable
- Slides Remark only whatwhat it is REALLY “REMARKABLE”
- ONLY RELEVANT INFORMATION: HEADLINES
- No ‘teleprompting’ No bullet pointing
- PICTURE SUPERIORITY EFFECT
- Make it visual! No more than 1 or 2 images. Make them meaningful! Slides
- Use professional images, professionally! Slides
- Do not manipulate images. Slides
- Do not manipulate images.
- Respect your audience: make good use of time. Timing your sessions: 80% rule. Time
- Preview questions (FAQ) and write assertions (complete sentences which expresses the answer to each question in a clear a succinct manner) Questions
- If you don’t know the answer, let it know. Avoid conflicts The question is for you. The answer is for all. Questions
- Repeat the question: • to make sure you have understood it • to gain time to answer • to reformulate it in a more convenient way for you Questions
- the KISS method KEEP IT SIMPLE & STRAIGHTFORWARD
- Rehearse!!
- Rehearse!! Nothing gives you more selfconfidence than rehearsing
- Spend time to practice An opportunity to adjust ideas, times and transitions. Practice the complete presentation (including paces, silences, body language, etc) ideally in the same place where it is going to be held. Rehearse!!
- Find an audience for your rehearsal (friend, mate, etc) and get his/her feedback. “Nothing clarifies ideas so much as explaining them to other people”. Vernon Booth (Author of “Communicating in Science”) Rehearse!!
- For two full days before a presentation, Jobs rehearsed the entire presentation, asking for feedback from his team. For 48 hours, all of his energy is directed at making the presentation the perfect embodiment of Apple’s messages.
- Arrive with time to solve any possible problems. Check tech questions (laptop, projector, software releases, usb, microphone, etc) Check before
- Moderator: how to be presented. Brief of your presentation. Attend to the previous presentations to check audience’s mood. Check before
- Don’t do!*5 *If you can avoid
- Read from slides Avoid eye contact Inappropriate dress code Turn your back to the audience Mannerisms Make a presentation without previous rehearsal
- Inspiration’s sources 6
- Slideshar e
- PHOTOXPRESS (http://www.photoxpress.com/) COMPFIGHT (http://www.compfight.com/) GOOGLE IMAGES (http://images.google.com/) Free images
- iSTOCKPHOTO (http://www.istockphoto.com/) SHUTTERSTOCK (http://www.shutterstock.com/) FOTOLIA (http://en.fotolia.com/) DREAMSTIME (http://www.dreamstime.com/) GETTYIMAGES (http://www.gettyimages.com/) Pay images
- talks
- Books
- Books
- Libros
- This is a challenge that recquires time and effort so… CHOOSE YOUR BATTLE!
- A person can have the greatest idea in the world. But if that person can’t convince enough other people, it doesn’t matter. –Gregory Berns
- WHO DO YOU WANT TO BE?
- DELIVERING POWERFUL PRESENTATIONSAN APPROACH TO SUCCESSFUL COMMUNICATION http://josemariapalomares.com/about/ @chemapalomares
Notas do Editor
- Here we have the ingredients for a good presentation. Message, audience, techniques and recommendations are the issues I am going to develop today for you. We’ll have a look to the things you don’t have to do and to some inspiration’s sources as well. Let’s start with the first one: the message.
- What do you think is the most importante ingredient of a successful presentation?
- The idea. The main idea. The key message we want to deliver to our audience in terms not only of information, but also in terms of the feelings we want to provocke onto our audience.
- The main idea should be the answer to the question: What is my absolutely central point?
- If you want to know if your main idea is really strong and well focused you have to pass the elevator test. You know the situation: “you’ve got only one minute to explain your idea to your CEO while you are in the elevator with him. If you can do it, it is because you have a big idea. If not, maybe you have to invest a little bit more of time thinking on that.
- The idea must be relevant, not only for you, but also for your audience. When I say relevant I´m also trying to say interesting and meaningful for the people who is attending to your presentation. Obviously in this idea must be included the main purpose of our speech and the feeling you want to provoque on the audicence. The main idea must be also: SIMPLE, EASY, CONCRETE, CREDIBLE AND WELL STRUCTURED. How do we do that? It is not very difficult.
- In order to make the idea simple, it is important to create a headline that sets the direction of your speech and give the audience a reason to listen. If we have a look to the next example: “Today I want to show you how the new distribution strategy will give you new business opportunities in your area” we can find a clear headline that sets the direction of our presentation (the speaker is going to explain the new distribution strategy) and we are giving the audience a reason to listen (the strategy will give you new business opportunities in your area). So clear and consistent. It is important to show this headline up front, because it will make you to focus on this when developing the rest of the presentation, and will help the audience to understand the real purpose of your speech.
- So, remember. Your idea must be SIMPLE. As Albert Einstein used to say “if you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough”.
- So, the idea must be RELEVANT, SIMPLE, and EASY. The first thing we have to take into account when we want to prepare our message is that if you are lucky, at the end of your presentation, your audience will come back home with no more than 2 or 3 ideas. That’s the reason because it is very important to define previously these ideas. You have to make sure that these people come back home with the real key ideas. Then you also have to make sure your information is clear, well organized and easy to follow. For this specific point a table of contents can helps. It is very helpful to organize the information and to give the audience a outline of what is going to happen.
- So, the idea must be RELEVANT, SIMPLE, and EASY. The first thing we have to take into account when we want to prepare our message is that if you are lucky, at the end of your presentation, your audience will come back home with no more than 2 or 3 ideas. That’s the reason because it is very important to define previously these ideas. You have to make sure that these people come back home with the real key ideas. Then you also have to make sure your information is clear, well organized and easy to follow. For this specific point a table of contents can helps. It is very helpful to organize the information and to give the audience a outline of what is going to happen.
- The idea must be CONCRETE. You have to concentrate in the relevant information, avoiding innecesary precedents and irrelevant information. The best way to be concrete is talking the audience in terms of real benefits. But also remember that a good speaker doesn’t exclude any important information.
- The idea must be CONCRETE. You have to concentrate in the relevant information, avoiding innecesary precedents and irrelevan information. The best way to be concrete is talking the audience in terms of real benefits. But also remember that a good speaker doesn’t exclude any important information.
- So, RELEVANT, SIMPLE, EASY, CONCRETE and now CREDIBLE. In addition to your own personal credibility, you have make sure your message is credible. For that reason you should use only facts and figures that support your message and are meaningful for your purpose and for your audience. In terms of information sources, it is very important to use realiable ones and testable credentials. When I say reliable sources I mean reliable for the audience. For example, if you are talking to a teachers audience you should use academic sources. If you are talking to your Executive Committee you should use your financial department information. Otherwise there is a risk: they won’t be sure of your information and your presentation will fail.
- Finally, your message must be WELL STRUCTURED. Before we have a look to an example about how to structure your presentation, I would like you to see this chart. This figure shows what some scientifics have researched. The studies show that listeners loose their attention after 20 minutes. So knowing that and having a look to the attention curve it is easy to know what is the maximum recommended lenght of presention and when you have to include the main idea during the presenation.
- Here we have an example of the structure of a presentation. Don’t forget the loosing attention chart we have on the right. Obviously we have to start our presentation with the welcome and thank you. If there is a moderator it is much more convenient for you that he or she presents you. So you will not need to use your time talking about yourself which is something speakers don’t really like. Then, as soon as possible, you have to move on to the key message (remember, your main idea) expressed in a headline (that sets the direction of your presentation and gives the audience a reason to listen). Then you will have to present your arguments, your key ideas, and so on, to arrive to the conclusion reinforcing you key message (remember the loosing attention curve).
- So, remember. Your idea must be SIMPLE. As Albert Einstein used to say “if you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough”.
- Once we have studied the first issue, the message, now it is time to think of the audience. The people who is going to attend your presentation. The first thing we have to do is to get all the information we can. As much information we have of our audience, as much easier will be to addapt our message to them.
- Here we have some aspects we have to think about. The number. It is not the same to enface an audience of just 3 people than 3000. For example, the number will be critical when we decide if we want some kind of interaction with people. The language. It is another critical issue. For example in an international meeting it is very common that the speaker use English, although probably most of the people attending to the presentation has another different mother tongue. Try to simplify your vocabulary and speak slowly. With that you will be helping your audience to understand you better (what is in fact what you want…). Knowing people’s background will help us to addapt our message and the kind of language we have to use. If we are talking to a Engineers group, then your language can be technical. Another important thing about background: are the people in the audience experts in the field you are going to talk? Whay kind of expertise do they have about the issue you are goingo to develop? All this information will give you some clues about you have to manage your presentation. The attitude and the expectations are two important things. Sometimes we will find an audience in a bad mood (due to the time, to the amount of previous presentations the have attended, because of you –may be you have a specific role they don’t welcome in this moment-, or whatever). Most ot the times, however, people is in a positive way or, at least, neutral. This is the best situation for a speaker. The expectations: what does the audience expect from your presentation? The first question to be anwered is: why is the people there? Who has decided they have to attend the presentation: themselves, their boss…? In the first situation they will probably expect a valuable information from you. In the second, the situation can be other… Who is who: this is one of the most valuable information. Depending on the main purpose of your presentation it is very important to know if you have a decision maker among your audience. For example, if you are trying to sell a product or a solution a huge part of the message will be focused on this person. However if you want to motivate people to change a behaviour, you will probably have to focus on the group leaders you have in the audience.
- But when we are talking about the audience, we also have to think in you, in the specific role you are having to them. It is not the same when you are making a presentation as an expert in a field, than when your role is a provider and you are talking to your customer. Just think about your position and decide how you are going to manage your presentation. And one last thing, your reputation and your company’s for your audience.
- At the end, with all this information about your audience you will probably have a clear picture about how to deliver your message to them, in terms of language, style, interaction, quality and quantity of information to provide…etc.
- Now it is time to have a look to several techniques that can help us to improve the way we make presentations. There are hundreds of them, but today we are going to talk about the most interesting ones.
- If you have children you will probably used this technique several times. All of us can remember the fairy tales of our childhood. All of them were stories which had a moral. In fact, this moral was the key message. So this technique is based on the idea of communicating emotionaly is much more efficient than the pure transmition of information. Storytelling is a proven method to communicate effectively and to gain your audiences empathy. One of the best examples we can find is the famous Martin Luther King “I have a dream” speech. Obviously he was trying to explain to everybody his vision and, why not, his strategy, but he prefered to do it trough storytelling. In the business world this technique is particularly useful when you have to transmit a concept that you know is not going to be accepted very easily using a rational communication or when you want to engage your audience with a specific issue. Later we’ll see a video with an example of the use of this technique in the corporate world. “Before there was the written word, humans used stories to transfer culturre from one generation to the next. Stories are who we are, and we are our stories. Stories may contain analogies or metaphors, powerful tools for bringing people in and helping them to understand our thoughts clearly and concretely. Good presentations include stories. The best presenters today illustrate their points with stories, often personal ones. The easiest way to explain complicated ideas is through examples or by sharing a story that underscores the point. Stories are easier to recall for your audience.” (Garr Reynolds – Presentation Zen).
- The use of personal anecdotes and experiences is another way to communicate emotionally, and so in a much more effcient way. A very good example of the use of this technique is the last presidential campaign in the United States. Obama mentioned serveral times personal experiences during his childhood, with his relatives, etc to transmit some values and messages to his potential audience.
- Repetition is perhaps the easiest technique you can use. Repetition guarantees your message is internalized by your audience. You must be careful doing that because you can get the opposite reaction you are trying to provoque. Remember you can say the same thing in many different ways. So if you want to repeat your idea, try to find different ways to say it. This technique is quite useful to explain difficult concepts and mainly for the main idea of your presentation.
- While long bullet points are not very effective as a “visual enhancer”, displaying quotations in your presentation slides can be a very powerful technique. Quotes can indeed add credibility to your story. A good selected quote can help you to reinforce your message and gives you credibility. The challenge is to find a good one for your specific message.
- Now we are going to spend some minutes in talking about body language and attitude. The first consideration we have to know is that only 7% of our communication comes directly from the words. A 93% of the communication is non verbal (38 % comes from our voice and the rest, a 55%, comes from our body language, such as gestures, movements, etc). The other thing we have to know is that communicating emotionaly is much more effective, and can be even more if it is a positive emotion. So, in this point, it is important to remember that smiling is free. I’m not telling you have to smile all the time while you are making a presentation, but it is a good idea to do it sometimes during it. Keeping eye contact is another issue we have to deal. When you look at another person and make eye contact occasionally you show an interest in that person. He or she can even feel you are making your presentation just for him or her. The eye contact will help you to mantain your audience attention. When you are going to deliver a presentation you have to do it with high energy, and show enthusiasm. You must care not to exceed your level of energy and not shout at your audience. Dress code. Remember: You never get a second chance to make the first impression If you have any doubt about the dress code you have to follow, try to make an upgrade of what you expect from your audience. It is better to be more elegant than expected than the opposite.
- Now we are going to spend some minutes in talking about body language and attitude. The first consideration we have to know is that only 7% of our communication comes directly from the words. A 93% of the communication is non verbal (38 % comes from our voice and the rest, a 55%, comes from our body language, such as gestures, movements, etc). The other thing we have to know is that communicating emotionaly is much more effective, and can be even more if it is a positive emotion. So, in this point, it is important to remember that smiling is free. I’m not telling you have to smile all the time while you are making a presentation, but it is a good idea to do it sometimes during it. Keeping eye contact is another issue we have to deal. When you look at another person and make eye contact occasionally you show an interest in that person. He or she can even feel you are making your presentation just for him or her. The eye contact will help you to mantain your audience attention. When you are going to deliver a presentation you have to do it with high energy, and show enthusiasm. You must care not to exceed your level of energy and not shout at your audience. Dress code. Remember: You never get a second chance to make the first impression If you have any doubt about the dress code you have to follow, try to make an upgrade of what you expect from your audience. It is better to be more elegant than expected than the opposite.
- Now let’s talk about movements. The first principle is to be natural: move around, walk, use hand gestures. Try not to stay behind the podium and use it as a protection. You don’t need to be protected from your audience, or at least you shouldn’t. Another point: avoid turning your back to the audience. This is something that annoys very much to the people. To solve this point you must remember all the time that you are talking to your audience and must keep eye contact. Finally be awere of your mannerisms (nervous movements, tics, use of ums, ahs, you know, ok? and so on). I must say this is not very easy to solve. The only way to improve this point is to practice more and more. There is no other option.
- Now let’s talk about movements. The first principle is to be natural: move around, walk, use hand gestures. Try not to stay behind the podium and use it as a protection. You don’t need to be protected from your audience, or at least you shouldn’t. Another point: avoid turning your back to the audience. This is something that annoys very much to the people. To solve this point you must remember all the time that you are talking to your audience and must keep eye contact. Finally be awere of your mannerisms (nervous movements, tics, use of ums, ahs, you know, ok? and so on). I must say this is not very easy to solve. The only way to improve this point is to practice more and more. There is no other option.
- Now let’s talk about movements. The first principle is to be natural: move around, walk, use hand gestures. Try not to stay behind the podium and use it as a protection. You don’t need to be protected from your audience, or at least you shouldn’t. Another point: avoid turning your back to the audience. This is something that annoys very much to the people. To solve this point you must remember all the time that you are talking to your audience and must keep eye contact. Finally be awere of your mannerisms (nervous movements, tics, use of ums, ahs, you know, ok? and so on). I must say this is not very easy to solve. The only way to improve this point is to practice more and more. There is no other option.
- Now, some recommendations.
- Design experts recommend that presenters spend the majority of their time thinking, sketching and scripting. Nancy Duarte recommends that a presenter spend 90 hours creating an hour long presentation with 30 slides. But only one third of that time is spent building slides. Another third is rehearsing, but the first third is spent collecting ideas, organizing ideas, and sketching the story.
- The Importance of Varying Pace, Pitch, Volume, Tone, Emphasis and Body Language in Effective Communication
- If you pause during your presentation, it creates more drama and meaning, and reinforces what you have to say.
- Adequate font size and colours (just one or two) that contrast with the background.
- Adequate font size and colours (just one or two) that contrast with the background.
- Adequate font size and colours (just one or two) that contrast with the background.
- , but do not overwhelm! No unnecessary animations! Visuals should relate to your message help make your point be consistent
- And if you have to do so, do it carefully.
- So, remember. Your idea must be SIMPLE. As Albert Einstein used to say “if you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough”.
- Memorize the key words / key ideas
- Memorize the key words / key ideas
- Hi. Good afternoon. First of all I would like to thank you for giving me the opportunity to share your time with me. I know this is going to be the last presentation today before you go to the golf course, so I will try to be brief and show you some interesting information. This training session is about how to develop a succesful presentation in your daily work. We only have 60 minutes, so lets move on quickly.
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