This is my invited talk on Semantic Wiki to the Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing at Fudan University in Shanghai during ASWC 2009 when I gave a similar tutorial on semantic mediawiki and applications.

1. Semantic Wiki: Social Semantic Web In Use A Gentle Introduction Jesse Wang 12/7/2009 Invited Talk at Intelligent Information Processing Lab, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

2. About http://ProjectHalo.com Jesse Wang (王嘉欣) Development Architect | Research Program Manager Vulcan Inc., Seattle, WA, USA Paul G. Allen (Microsoft Co-founder)’s private company Paul Allen – co-founded Microsoft http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Allen Laid the foundation of Microsoft’s success Persuaded [[Bill Gates]] to quit [[Harvard University]] Spearheaded a deal to buy [[QDOS]] and… the rest is history A vision and some big ideas… 2

3. Wiki & Semantic Web Other Big Ideas 3

4. Agenda Wiki Semantic Wiki Examples of Semantic Wikis Useful Extensions of Semantic MediaWiki Fun and Real Applications built on Semantic MediaWiki 4

5. Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia 14 million articles (3.1 million in English) Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: 900,000+ articles (2009/5) ウィキペディア日本語版: 600,000+ articles (2009/7) Chinese Wiki-like Encyclopedia 互动百科3.9 million articles, 4.3 billion chars (2009/12) 百度百科1900430 articles (2009/12) Wikis as We Know 5

6. Some Popular Wikis AboutUs.org – Intenet Directory: > 14,000,000 City wikis – umbrella wikis for cities GeoNames – places: 8,000,000 + OpenStreetMap – the Free Wiki World Map: > 100,000 USERS Wikitravel – travel guides LyricWiki - Lyrics Wikileaks – leak info anonymously wikiHow – how to … ShopWiki – you know SNPedia – you’ll know 6

8. lets you build a rich, online community around the whatever-it-is that you’re really into. Utilizing the best features of wikis, blogs, forums and social networks, Wetpaint mixes everything you need so you can create, collect, and organize content on your own social website.

9. Ning

10. Ning offers an easy-to-use service that allows people to join and create Ning Networks.

11. To explore and express their interests, discover new passions, and meet new people around shared pursuits.7

12. Wiki Is HOT 8

13. So What is a Wiki By Wikipedia: A wiki (pronounced /ˈwɪki/ WIK-ee) is a website that allows the easy[1] creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages via a web browser using a simplified markup language or a WYSIWYG text editor.[2][3] Wikis are typically powered by wiki software and are often used to createcollaborative websites, to power community websites, for personal note taking, in corporate intranets, and in knowledge management systems. 9

14. What Wiki Is Really About Quick and Easy – no need of extra software Collaborative Community Authoring Interlinked Content Version Control Notification 10

15. Wikis Engines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki_software In almost all popular programming languages 11

16. What Wiki is Now: Platform Wiki is not only a wiki engine, web site, hosting service… It is a social, collaborative productivity system It is a platform where people can build web applications It marries the web of computers with the web of people It is a great indicator of human Civilization! 12

17. Many Wiki Services Wikia Wiki communities for everyone PBWiki/PBWorks Online Collaboration that just Works Twiki Open Source Enterprise Wiki and Web 2.0 App Platform MoinMoin advanced, easy to use and extensible WikiEngine WikiWorks Semantic Wiki hosting service 13

18. Wikis Are Great … Enable new scale of human collaboration Everyone can read Everyone can write Everyone can edit Everyone is accountable for everything 14

19. Wiki : the Web in the Small 15 With man power!

20. Human Involvements are Great! 16 But some things are better left to machines…

21. Wiki Clock ? 17

23. … all cities

24. … their populations

25. … their mayors

26. … the skyscrapers

27. … # of floors

28. … built year18

29. Not Readily Usable So can I ask for a list of the world’s 10 largest cities with a female mayor? Sort by population, age… Or Skyscrapers in China with 70+ floors and built after 2005? Or in Singapore, Shanghai, East Asia? Built in year range 1990-2000? With 50/60 floors and more? Sort by floors, year, height? Group by regions, cities? Height in meter? 19

30. Will Search Help? Not something you can do now or in the foreseeable near future… 20

31. Wikipedia’s answer: lists 21

32. 22

33. 23

34. 24

35. Can you really get your answers? 25

36. Wiki Answers? Nice try, but… 26

37. We NeedMore Help What computers can understand (powered by programs) is simple named entities, such as: ... 43285812 ... 2009-12-07 ... 400 Guoding Road, Shanghai, China ... Jesse Wang Still not always correct with all the possible variations of formats... 27

38. Question: How to get Answers out of the Content The female majors of top 10 cities, sorted by population, starting year, age… All skyscrapers in China (Japan, Thailand,…) of 50 (40/60/70) floors or more, and built in year 2000 (2001/2002) and after, sorted by built year, floors…, grouped by cities, regions… Medianannual salary of CEOs of Fortune 100 companies in America (Europe, Asian,…) (And so on…) 28

39. Answer: More Content Not just any type of content We need structured content Metadata Not just any type of metadata Good quality metadata 29 Question: How to get more quality metadata?

40. Semantic Wikis Views from DifferentAngles 30

41. Definition: Semantic Wikis Semantic Wiki is a wiki that has an underlying model of the knowledge described in its pages. The knowledge model found in a semantic wiki is typically available in a formal language, so that machines can process it into an entity-relationship or relational database. Semantic Web compatibility To allow users to make their internal knowledge more explicit and more formal, so that the information in a wiki can be searched and presented in better ways 31

42. “What structure” & “How to get it” A Little More Structure  Knowledge Management Quantity (count, types)  Quality (consistent, complete) Data in Triples  Ontology Reasoning Approaches Wikis for Metadata Metadata for Wikis 32

43. Nova Spivack: MetaWeb 33 Semantic Wikis

45. 2006: First Workshop on Semantic Wikis: From Wiki to Semantics [SemWiki2006] at ESWC2006, Budva, Montenrego

46. 2006: Second Workshop on Semantic Wikis: Wiki-based Knowledge-Engineering [WibKe2006] at WikiSym 2006 in Odense, Denmark

47. 2008: Third Workshop on Semantic Wikis: The Wiki Way of Semantics [SemWiki2008] at ESWC2008, Tenerife

48. 2009: Semantic Wiki session in SemTech Conference, San Jose, CA

49. 2008-2009: Semantic MediaWiki user group meetings in Boston, USA, Stanford, USA, and Karlsruhe, DE34 http://semwiki.org

50. Semantic Wiki Illustrated 35

51. Basics of Semantic Wikis Still a wiki, with regular wiki features E.g. Category/Tags, Namespaces, Title, Versioning, ... Typed Content E.g. Page/Card, Date, Number, URL/Email, String, … Typed Links E.g. “capital_of”, “contains”, “born_in”… Querying Interface Support E.g. “[[Category:Person]] [[Age::<30]]” 36

52. Advanced Semantic Wiki Features Semantic forms or templates Auto-completion based on semantics Powerful visualizations based on semantics/structures/types Rules and reasoning support Advanced search and queries (faceted search, SPARQL, etc.) Import and Export of Semantic Data 37

54. Semantic Web

55. machine process-able

56. data integration

57. complex queries

58. Wiki

59. easy to use and contribute,

60. strongly interconnected,

61. collaborative.

62. Social Semantic Web38

63. Popular Semantic Wikis Some Examples 39

65. ArtificialMemory

66. Wagn - Ruby on Rails-based

67. KiWi – Knowledge in a Wiki

68. Knoodl – Semantic Collaboration tool and application platform

69. Metaweb - the software that powers Freebase

70. OntoWiki

71. OpenRecord

72. PhpWiki

73. Semantic MediaWiki - an extension to MediaWiki that turns it into a semantic wiki

74. Swirrl - a spreadsheet-based semantic wiki application

75. TaOPis - has a semantic wiki subsystem based on Frame logic

76. TikiWiki CMS/Groupware integrates Semantic links as a core feature

77. zAgile Wikidsmart - semantically enables Confluence40

78. A web-based tool that gives communities of modelers and domain experts the ability to collaboratively develop, manage, and use Vocabularies and Knowledgebases 41 Browser UI Security Role-based Permissions AJAX Java APIs WIKI Visualization RSS Feed Ontology Editor SPARQL Query Wizard Data Storage User Account Manager Search Engine Rules Engine Reasoner SPARQL Query Processor RDF Triple Store Database

79. Knoodl Features Standards-Based Collaborative Vocabulary Management Using a Semantic Wiki Cloud-based application ( Amazon EC2 ) Ontology Editing, Import/Export, Search SPARQL query wizard Role-based security Semantic technology development platform 42

80. 43

81. Roles 44

82. 45

83. 46

84. Freebase A structured database Designed to store the amorphous data 5 million inter-connected topics More than 3000 types – user expandable More than 30,000 properties A collection of web services (API) and hosting platform 47

85. Everything has a URL and UUIDs 48 /en/jake_garn /en/world_financial_center, /en/vulcan_inc, /en/john_woo

86. Freebase: Write-able, Extensible 49

87. Great Usability and Dynamic Views Typed data, Auto-completion, structured views, Ajax UI 50

89. { "code": "/api/status/ok", "result": [ { "directed_by": { "id": "/en/john_woo" }, "name": "A Better Tomorrow", "type": "/film/film" }, { "directed_by": { "id": "/en/john_woo" }, "name": "BMW films", "type": "/film/film" }, { "directed_by": { "id": "/en/john_woo" }, "name": "Mission: Impossible II", "type": "/film/film" },

90. …51

91. The Freebase Architecture Acre is Freebase’s hosted development environment. Free, open, hosted, code reusable and cloneable. More at http://wiki.freebase.com/wiki/Acre 52

92. Semantic MediaWiki (SMW) An extension of MediaWiki – the wiki application best known for powering Wikipedia – that helps to search, organize, tag, browse, evaluate, and share the wiki's content. Most popular Semantic Wiki Powering hundreds public sites Even more behind firewalls (some very large) 53

94. Gentle introduction

95. Usable as a normal wiki

96. Immediate added value

97. “The simplest database that could work”

98. Document-centric view

99. Semantic Web is not a vision any more -- it is here

100. You can use it – NOW!54

102. If MediaWiki gets better, so do we

103. Open Source

104. Well documented

105. Active mailing list

106. World wide community

107. In usage, research, and development

108. Commercial Support available

109. Semantic MediaWiki Core

110. Mostly stable, not planned to grow anymore55

111. Semantic Markup is Easy In the article page “Fudan University” The property Located in is just another wiki page Page “Property:Located in” Can have categories [[Category:Properties with actions]] Can have properties too [[Semantic action::display on map]] Domain, range and semantic actions you defined In “Category:Universities in China” page [[Default form::Chinese University basic info form]] 56 Fudan University is in [[Located in::Shanghai]] [[Category:Universities in China]]

112. Flexible Schema Document-centric view Properties associated with the document (article) Users can add/remove/modify properties or values A natural fit for column-oriented databases Content first, schema last No initial design of schema as in RDBMS Always optimize later By community of users 57

113. With the markupWe can ask {{#ask: [[Category:Skyscrapers]] [[Located in::China]] [[Floor count::>50]] [[Year built::<2000]] }} Faceted browsing is easily available too. (Result via Dbpedia) 58

114. Useful Extensions to Make SMW Better Markups are great, we need tools to use them 59

115. Halo Extension – a suite of extensions Paul G. Allen (Microsoft co-founder) has a vision: http://ProjectHalo.com “the Digital Aristotle enables anyone to ask any science question and get answers with explanations using a comprehensive, socially authored knowledge base.” Halo extension is a portion of Project Halo directed by Dr. Mark Greaves at Vulcan Inc.

116. Comparing SMW to SMW+ System Usability Scale was increased during product management by an extend of 1.25 point per user question – yielding a total average score of 73 points[1]. This is a very good result! 1. User Centered Design and Evaluation of Interface Enhancements to the Semantic MediaWiki. http://swui.webscience.org/SWUI2008CHI/Pfisterer.pdf

117. Project Halo‘s suite of extensions

118. the suite of extensions (continued)

119. A LOT more extensions Semantic Forms, Semantic Form Inputs, Semantic Signup Semantic Drilldown, SemanticQueryForm Tool Semantic Result Formats, Semantic Maps, Semantic Gallery Semantic Compound Data and Compound Queries Semantic History, Semantic Internal Objects Semantic Notification, NotifyMe, Semantic Tasks Data Import, Freebase, RDFa … 64

120. Fun and Real Applications Built on top of Semantic MediaWiki as a platform/framework 65

121. 66

122. 67 67 Rudi Studer -- Semantic MediaWiki 67

123. SNPedia: It's a Semantic Wiki

124. SNPedia "Wikipedia for SNPs" Promethease Read raw DNA Make a Report

125. 70

126. A Semantic Sci-Fi Movie Database From Wikipedia.org Structure extracted from templates Infoboxes and so on Queries and visualizations 71

127. Work Order Handling System Form-based User Interface Semantics in templates People agree on priorities and resources needed 72

129. With the tools you are already familiar with

130. In the context – better relevance and productivity

131. Only when you need it – no information overload

132. With linked real-time data– no search overhead

133. Let you consume and contribute to Wiki

134. Without learning wiki markup syntax

135. Without remembering where the content isSmartTag Add-ins API API

137. Category/Property+ wiki text query

138. Semantic consistency via wiki mechanisms

140. Database-style search

141. Consistent semantics