presentation

1. EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION

2. Hello!
I am Haydee C. Cayaco
I am your Learning Facilitator on Explicit
Instruction.
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3. OBJECTIVES
 Define explicit instruction
 Recognize the importance of explicit
instruction in teaching beginning
reading
 Identify the different components of the
explicit instruction framework in
teaching beginning reading
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5. 5
1) Explicit instruction is direct
teaching.
2) Explicit instruction is skill and
drill.
3) The instructional design is
direct in explicit instruction.
4) Explicit instruction is all teacher
directed.

6. 6
5) The zone of proximal
development claims that
everything is learned twice.
6) Modeling is the core of explicit
instruction.
7) Scaffolding demonstrates and
offers support as needed.
8) Reading and writing are natural
extensions of language
development.

7. 7

8. Explicit Instruction
The What’s…. Why’s…. How’s

9. 1. What is Explicit Instruction?

10. Explicit Instruction
 Explicit teaching
 An instructional strategy used to meet the
needs of students and engage them in
unambiguous, clearly articulated teaching
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11. Explicit teaching is characterized by…
 A series of
clear
statements
about the
purpose and
rationale for
learning the
new skills
 Clear
explanations
and
demonstrations
of instructional
target
 Supported by
practice with
feedback until
independent
mastery has
been achieved
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Archer, A., & Hughes, C. (2011). Explicit Instruction: Effective and Efficient Teaching.
NY: Guilford Publications.

12. “A systematic method of
teaching with emphasis on
proceeding in small steps,
checking for student
understanding, and achieving
active and successful
participation by all students”
- Rosenshine (1987)
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13. 2. Why is Explicit Teaching
important in beginning
reading instruction?

14.  Young learners need explicit
instruction.
 Young learners need more
direct instruction in skills and
strategies.
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15. LEV VYGOTSKY
“Everything is learned
twice: first, socially (that
is with the help of other
human beings) then,
privately (internalized).”
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17. 3. How effective is Explicit
Instruction?

18. Explicit instruction is ….
 Systematic
 Instruction focuses on critical content.
 Skills, strategies, and concepts are
sequenced logically.
 Complex skills and strategies are broken
down into smaller (easy to obtain)
instruction units.
 Lessons are organized and focused.
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19. Explicit instruction is ….
 Relentless
 Adequate initial practice opportunities
 Distributed practice
 Teach to mastery
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20. Explicit instruction is ….
 Engaging
 Frequent responses are elicited.
 Student performance is carefully monitored.
 Immediate affirmative and corrective
feedback is provided.
 The lesson is delivered at a brisk pace.
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21. Explicit instruction is ….
 Successful
 Instruction is success oriented
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22.  Excellent reading teachers
influence students’ learning.
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23. 4. How to use Explicit
Instruction?

24. You let them in on the
BIG SECRET!
You don’t make the students guess what the lesson is, why, and how they should learn it.
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25. Components of
Explicit Teaching
1) Teaching/Modeling
2) Guided Practice
3) Independent
Practice
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26. TEACHING/MODELING
Teacher Behaviors
 Initiates
 Models
 Explains
 Thinks aloud
 Shows how to do it
Learner Behaviors
 Listens
 Observes
 Creates an example
based on teacher
model
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27. GUIDED PRACTICE
Teacher Behaviors
 Demonstrates
 Leads
 Responds
 Suggests
 Explains
 Acknowledges
 Answers questions
Learner Behaviors
 Listens
 Interacts
 Questions
 Collaborates
 Responds
 Tries out
 Participates
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28. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
Teacher Behaviors
 Scaffolds
 Validates
 Teaches as needed
 Evaluates
 Observes
 Encourages
 Clarifies
 Confirms
 Coaches
Learner Behaviors
 Applies learning
 Takes charge
 Practices
 Solves problem
 Approximates
 Self-corrects
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30. What are the steps in Explicit
Instruction?

31. 1. Introduction
 Directly tell the students
What they are expected
to learn
How it connects what
they already know
How it relates to their
previous lessons
What the purpose is
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…. Remember yesterday when we read/talked
about… today we will learn…
…. Today we are going to study… This is
connected to… It is important to learn this
because…
…. By the time we have finished, you will be
good/better at… Then you will be able to…

33. 2. Teaching/Modeling
 Explain to the students
how they are going to
learn the skill
 Show or demonstrate
how the process goes
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Adopt a positive approach in
teaching.

34. 3. Guided Practice
 Provide students with
multiple opportunities for
the practice of the newly
learned skill or strategy
until independence is
attained
 Use varied activities, but
give adequate support
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35. 4. Independent Practice
 Give the students more
responsibility to try out
the new skill or strategy
on their own
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36. 5. Evaluation
 Make the students use
the new skill or strategy
in new tasks, in and
outside your class.
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37. The core of explicit instruction
is the teaching/modeling of a
skill or strategy by the
teacher.
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38. Throughout the lesson…..
 Involve
students
 Monitor
performance
 Provide
feedback
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39. “Teacher’s responsibility for the
learning gradually decreases as
students become better and
more independent in the use of
the new skill or strategy.”
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40. “Each of the steps may have to
be repeated until students have
a thorough understanding of the
new skill or strategy.
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41. What are the instructional
implications of Explicit Instruction
in teaching beginning reading?

42. Explicit instruction implies that ….
 Reading and writing are not linguistic skills that
develop “naturally” like speaking and listening.
 Reading and writing are skills that must be
deliberately and systematically taught and
practiced.
 Explicit instruction and consistent practice build
neural connections among sounds, print, and
meaning.
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1. Explicit instruction is direct
teaching.
2. Explicit instruction is skill
and drill.
4. Explicit instruction is all
teacher directed.
3. The instructional design is
direct in explicit instruction.

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5. The zone of proximal development
claims that everything is learned twice.
8. Reading and writing are natural
extensions of language development.
6. Modeling is the core of explicit
instruction.
7. Scaffolding demonstrates and
offers support as needed.

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Thanks!