2. • Alveolar process: The part of the Maxilla & Mandible that
forms and support the sockets of the teeth.
Composed of:
• Alveolar bone proper
• Supporting bone
3. Alveolar Bone Proper
• The compact bone that lines the tooth socket (forms the inner
of the socket)
4. The Supporting Alveolar Bone
The supporting alveolar bone consists of two parts:
a) Cortical plates
b) Spongy bone
5. Functions Of Alveolar Bone
• Houses the roots of teeth.
• Anchors the roots of teeth to the alveoli, which is achieved by
the insertion of Sharpey’s fibers into the alveolar bone proper.
• Helps to move the teeth for better occlusion.
6. • Helps to absorb and distribute occlusal forces generated during
tooth contact.
• Supplies vessels to periodontal ligament.
• Houses and protects developing permanent teeth, while
supporting primary teeth.
• Organizes eruption of primary and permanent teeth.
7. The Alveolar Bone Proper
• That lines the tooth socket.
• The alveolar bone proper is about 0.1-5mm thick.
• It surrounds the root of the tooth and gives attachment to
principal fibers of the periodontal ligament.
8. This bone has been given various names
• Cribriform plate
• Bundle bone
• Lamina Dura
9. Cribriform plate
• Reflecting sieve-like appearance (perforated by many
openings)
• Produced by numerous vascular canals (volkmann’s canals)
passing from the alveolar bone into the PDL that carry
branches of the inter-alveolar nerves and blood vessels into the
PDL.
10.
11. • Bone between the teeth is called interdental septum and is
composed entirely of cribriform plate
• A tooth socket showing the cribriform nature of cribriform
plate
12. Bundle Bone
• It has also been called bundle bone because numerous bundles
of Sharpe fibers pass into it from the periodontal ligament i.e,
the principal fibers of the periodontal ligament are anchored.
• The term “bundle” was chosen, because, the bundles of the
principal fibers continue into the bone as Sharpey’s fibers.
13.
14. • The collagen adjacent to bone is always less mature than that
adjacent to cementum.
• Lines of rest are seen in alveolar bone proper.
15. Lamina Dura
• In clinical radiograph, the bone lining the alveolus commonly
appears as dense white line and is given the name lamina dura.
• Radiographically, it is referred to as the lamina dura, because,
of increased radiopacity, which is due to the presence of thick
bone without trabeculations, that X-rays must penetrate and
not to any increased mineral content.
16.
17. • The radio-opaque appearance might give the false impression
that it is more mineralized than adjacent bone.
• However, the radio-graphic appearance derives from the X-rays
beam passing tangentially through the socket wall and relates to
the quantity of bone the beam passes through.
• And it is not to greater degree of mineralization than adjacent
bone.
• Superimposition also obscures the Volkmann’s canals.
18.
19. • Bone between the teeth is called interdental septum and is
composed entirely of cribriform plate.
• The interdental and interradicular septa contain the perforating
canals of Zuckerkandl and Hirschfeld (nutrient canals) which
house the interdental and inter-radicular arties, veins. Lymph
vessels and nerves.
20. Mandible teeth removed demonstrate the components of alveolar
bone
A= outer alveolar plate
B= Inner alveolar plate
C= Cribriform plate lining the socket wall
D= interdental septum
Inter-radicular septum
22. View Of Maxilla Following Removal Of Teeth
A= buccal alveolar plate
B= Palatal alveolar plate
C= interdental bony septa between the second premolar and first
permanent molar
D= inter- radicular septum between the buccal roots of first
permanent molar.
