7.
Concept Of Economy and its types
Economics System of the World
Capitalism
Planed Economy
Communism
Socialism
Mixed Economy
8. Economics
Economics is the study of How a society uses
scarce resources to produce and distribute
goods and services…
9. Economic System
An economic system is the method used by a
society to produce and distribute goods and
services by utilizing factors of production.
10. ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE WORLD
Free Market or Capitalism
Planned Economies
Communism
Socialism
Mixed Economies
11. Capitalism/ Free Market
(Market Economy)
An economic system based on competition in the
marketplace and private ownership of the factors of
production; also known as the private enterprise
system.
Examples of Capitalism: USA, Singapore etc.
12. Socialism
An economic system in
which
the
factors
of
production are owned and
operated either by the
government itself or by the
private sector under strong
government control. It is
called
as
planned
or
command economy.
Ex. China, New Zealand, Canada
13. Communism
All the factors of production and
enterprises concerned with the production
and distribution of goods and services, is
owned and operated by the government
and whole national income is taken and
distributed by the government according
to ability and need of individuals.
Karl Marx is the founder of Communism
philosophy.
Example: Russia.
14. Mixed Economies
Economies that combine several systems; for
example, an economy where the government
owns certain industries but others are owned by
the private sector.
Examples: France, UK, Pakistan
15.
16.
Mixed Economy Of Pakistan
Economic Resources of Pakistan
1. MINERAL RESOURCES
2. WATER RESOURCES
3. Agricultural Resource
4. Industrial Development
17. MIXED ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan has a developing mixed economy based
largely on agriculture, light industries, and
services.
The Government has placed special
emphasis on the liberalization and privatization of the
economy since 1990. The Gross National Product
(GNP) is increasing more rapidly than the
population, but the GNP per capita is among the
lowest in Asia, but the highest in South Asia.
18. Economic Resources of Pakistan
MINERAL RESOURCES:
Coal is also named as black gold is found into huge
quantities in Thar, Quetta and other sites.
Thar reserves are estimated 850 Trillion Cubic Feet.
There is enough coal in Pakistan in Thar area. That it
can be used for power generation for next 100 years
without relying on other i.e. hydro / oil resources.
Pakistan recently discovered one low and four lowto-medium quality coal seams in the Punjab.
19.
20. NATURAL GAS
The Sui gas field is the largest, accounting for
26% of Pakistan’s gas production. Gas deposits of Sui
discovered in 1953.
Daily production is 19 million cubic meters a day.
Under the barren mountains of Balochistan and the
sands of Sindh, there are untouched oil and gas
reserves.
Major users of natural gas areas are
Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Rawalpindi and
Islamabad.
21.
22. WATER RESOURCES
Fishing Industry:
The fishing industry plays a role in the national economy
of Pakistan. The coastline is 814km and fishery resources
still have room to grow. Fishing in Pakistan is a major source
of export earnings.
23. AGRICULTURAL RESOURCE
About 28% of Pakistan’s total land area is under
cultivation. The most important crops are cotton,
wheat, rice, sugarcane, maize, pulses, fruits and
vegetables, which together account for more than
75% of the value of total crop output.
24.
25. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
Development of agriculture sector means the
development of industrial sector.
Power and energy resources like oil and gas etc. are
like primary requirement of industrial development.
Iron and steel resources are helpful to develop the
industrial sector. Furniture and fishing industries are
mainly depend upon natural resources.
26.
27.
28.
29. Population
182,490,721 6th
Population Bellow Poverty Line
14% (2013)
Labor Force
59.21 million (2012)
Labor Force on
Agriculture
Industry
Services
Unemployment
45.1%
20.7%
34.2% (2010)
6.2% (2012)
32. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP)
The monetary value of all the finished goods and services
produced within a country's borders in a specific time
period, though GDP is usually calculated on an annual basis.
It includes all of private and public consumption, government
outlays, investments and exports less imports that occur
within a defined territory.
33. 107th (2013)
Business Rank
GDP (PPP) Rank
Per Capita
27th
$514.559 billion (2012)
$2,960
GDP (Nominal) Rank
Per Capita
44th
$230.525 billion (2012)
$1,410
Currency
Fiscal Year
1 Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
1 July – 30 June
37. GDP Composition By Use End
Household Consumption:
87.3%
Government Consumption:
8.3%
Investment in Fixed Capital:
10.9%
Investment in Inventories:
1.6%
Exports of Goods and Services:
12.5%
Imports of Goods and Services:
-20.6%
100%
(2012)
40. GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT (GNP)
GNP is a measure of a country's economic
performance, or what its citizens produced (i.e. goods
and services) and whether they produced these items
within its borders.
43. Federal Budget 2013-14
3.5 Trillion = 3500000000000 PKR
35
$32740879326.47334 Us Dollar
Deficit 2013-14
1.6 trillion = 1600000000000 PKR
Year
Percentage
2008
-7.3%
2009
-5.2%
2010
-5.9%
2011
-6.4%
2012
-6.7%
44.
45.
Challenges To Pakistan’s Economy
Economic Problems Of Pakistan
Types Of Trade
External Trade
Government
DICTATORSHIP IN PAKISTAN
EDUCATION
POVERTY
CORRUPTION
CHILD LABOR
46. CHALLENGES TO PAKISTAN’S ECONOMY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
We Consume More and Save Less
We Import More and Export Less
Government Spends More than it Earns as Revenues
Our Share in the World Trade is Shrinking
We Badly Lag in Social Indicators
We Face Energy and Water Shortages
Cost of Doing Business is High
Crisis of Governance and Implementation Weaknesses
Uncertainty and Unpredictability due to Lack of Continuity
Political Stability, Law and Order/Security
47. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Poor Utilization Of Resources
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth
Poor Monetary Policy
Poor Fiscal Policy
Corruption
Poverty
Unstable Government
Hoarding
Money Laundering
Shortage Of Skilled Workers
Wastage Of Economic Resources By Terrorism Activities
53. GOVERNMENT (UNSTABLE)
Military Dictatorship declared 12 October 1999 Parliament
disbanded
Constitution suspended
International lending community don’t support dictatorship
Formerly a federal republic, Pakistan's now military controlled
dictatorship is a large part of the problem.
55. TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN
At present the gravest problem that Pakistan is facing is
terrorism. It has become a headache for federation and a
nightmare for public. Though, it is a global issue but
Pakistan has to bear the brunt of it. Pakistan’s
involvement in the War on Terror has further fuelled the
fire. We are facing war like situation against the
terrorists.
59. EDUCATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
Education Most Powerful Weapon Which Can Change The
World.
“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to
live forever.”
“You educate a man; you educate a man. You educate a
woman; you educate a generation.”
“Intelligence plus character-that is the goal of true
education.”
EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
57% Is PAKISTAN literate
Limits Opportunities Of Women
Women Don't Enter Workforce
Poorly Educated About Family Planning
No Control Of Population
Low Literacy Rates With High Population Growth
60. POVERTY
Uneducated population unattractive to foreign business Difficult to recruit
foreign businesses.
No foreign investment, Pakistan remains poor.
Without foreign investment, Pakistan lacks the resources to bring about
positive economic development.
Without positive economic development, Pakistan is unable to attract
foreign investors.
62. CORRUPTION
Corruption is another huge social problem. According to latest report of
Transparency International, Pakistan has been ranked at 42nd number
among the most corrupt nations of the world.
63.
64. CHILD LABOR
Child labor is widespread in Pakistan. Whether in bigger cities or in small
villages, we find innocent malnourished children employed in various forms of
labor. They are working as welders, mechanics, plumbers, electricians and in
industries like carpet-weaving, glass and football making. Meager wages are
paid to these children and no facilities for education are provided.
Media and NGOs have always condemned child labor. In past, some countries
refused to import those goods from Pakistan in whose making children were
employed. But despite all these factors, due to growing inflation and poverty,
parents are bound to send their children to work to light their stoves.
Editor's Notes
Nominal GDP is without adjust Inflations of country.PPP GDP is adjust and relative with two or more then two currencies.
