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International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) 
E-ISSN: 2321 – 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759 
www.ijmsi.org Volume 2 Issue 7 || July. 2014 || PP-01-04 
www.ijmsi.org 1 | P a g e 
To Judge the Correct-Ness of the New Pi Value of Circle By 
Deriving The Exact Diagonal Length Of The Inscribed Square 
R.D. Sarva Jaganndha Reddy 
ABSTRACT : Circle and square are soul and body of the subject of Geometry. All celestial bodies in the 
Cosmos are spherical in shape. Four equidistant tangents on a circle will give rise to a square. A circle can be 
inscribed in a square too. Thus, circle and square are two inseperable geometrical entities.  is a fundamental 
mathematical constant. The world believes 3.14159265358… as  value for the last 2000 years. Yet it is an 
approximate value. Continuous search for its exact value is going on, even now. God has been kind. The exact 
 value is not a myth. It has become real with the discovery of 
14 2 
4 
 
. It is a very tough job to convince the 
world that the new finding is the real  value. In this paper, the exact length of the diagonal of the inscribed 
square form the length of an arc of the superscribed circle is obtained as a proof. 
KEYWORDS: Circle, circumference, diameter, diagonal, perimeter, square 
I. INTRODUCTION 
The geometrical constant, called , is as old as human civilization. In the ancient days, contributions 
on  was very admirable from the Eastern parts of the World. The Founding Father of Mathematics: 
Hippocrates of Chios (450 BC) has not touched the value of . But his work on the nature of circular entities 
such as squaring of lunes, semicircle and full circle is unparalled in the History of Mathematics.The present  
value, 3.14159265358… could not understood Hippocrates’ work and its greatness. What is the reason ? This 
number is not the  of the circle. It is the value of the polygon. It was derived using Pythagorean theorem. 
Pythagorean theorem gives exact length to a hypotenuse which is a straight line. Circumference of a circle is 
not a straight line. It is a curvature. Hence, 3.14159265358… of polygon has failed to understand the greatness 
of Hippocrates. In other words, 3.14159265358… is not a  number at all. 
After a long waiting of 2000 years by trillions of scholars NATURE has revealed its true length of a 
circumference of circle and its  value. The value is 
14 2 
4 
 
= 3.14644660942… derived from Gayatri 
method. It was discovered in March 1998. This worker is the first and fortunate humble man to see this 
fundamental truth, and at the same time, made this author responsible to reveal to the whole world, its total 
personality. He was cautioned by the Nature, through Inner Voice, further, not to shirk his responsibility till the 
end, till the world welcomes it, and continue to search speck by speck naturally, respecting the Cosmic mind 
of the Nature, with indomitable determination, and fight single handedly against the conservative attitude and 
die like a warrior defeated, if situation of “reluctance to acceptance” still persistsFrom the remote past to the 
present, the period of study of  is divided into two periods: the period of geometrical dependence in the 
derivation of  value and the 2nd period from 1660 AD onwards till today, the period of dependence on infinite 
series, 
dissociating totally geometrical analysis in the derivation of  value. In the present and second period, the 
number 3.14159265358… is considered as a number only and nothing to do with the definition of “the ratio of 
circumference and diameter of a circle”. The paradox is, geometry is forgotten in the derivation of  value but 
searched for the same, in squaring of a circle. Finally, this number 3.14159265358… has gained four 
characteristics: 1. Though it is a polygon number, established itself as a  number of circle. 2. Though an 
approximate number it ruled the world for many centuries as a final value. 3. Though it doesn‟t belong to a 
circle has commented „squaring of circle‟ as an unsolved geometrical problem. 4. Though it has gained a status 
of transcendental number with the definition of “…the fact that  cannot be calculated by a combination of the 
operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and square root extraction…” (Ref.1) is derived 
actually in Exhaustion method, applying the Pythagorean theorem, and invariably with the involvement of 3 . 
Further, the moment this number discared the association of Geometry, it has started a new relationship in
To Judge The Correct-Ness Of The New Pi Value… 
www.ijmsi.org 2 | P a g e 
Euler’s formula e i+1 = 0 with unrelated numbers which are themselves approximate numbers. C.L.F. 
Lindeman (1882) has called  number as a transcendental number based on Euler‟s formula. Here again, there 
is a discrepancy in choosing , in the Euler‟s formula. In the formula,  means  radians 1800 and not,  
constant 3.14… Are they both,  radians and  constant are identical ?  constant is divine, whereas  radians 
equal to 1800 is, human creation and convenience. In the Euler‟s formula  radians 1800 is involved and the 
resultant status of transcendence has been applied to  constant. Let us rewright ei + 1 = 0 as 
1 3.14 e 1 0     . Is it right and acceptable ?It may not be wrong in calling that 3.14159265358… is a 
transcendental number but it is definitely wrong when  number is called a transcendental number and with a 
consequential immediate statement “squaring of a circle” is impossible. The major objection is, the very 
definition of  is “the ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle”. So, this discrepancy led to the conclusion 
that 3.14159265358… is not, infact, a  number.In its support, we have the work of Hipporcrates. Hippocrates 
had squared a circle even before any text book on Mathematics was born; His text book is the basis of Euclid’s 
Elements too. As Hippocrates did square the circle it implied  an algebraic number. Further, Lindemann is 
also right in calling 3.14159265358… as transcendental number and not right, if he calls  number as 
transcendental. Here, there is a clarity of opinion thus. 3.14159265358… is a polygon number (and attributed 
to circle). 
In this paper the diagonal length is obtained from the actual length of the circumference of the circle. 
II. PROCEDURE 
Draw a square ABCD. Draw two diagonals AC and BD. „O‟ is the centre. 
AB = Side = a; AC = BD = diameter = 2a 
Draw a circle with centre „O‟ and with radius 
d 
2 
= 
diameter d 
2 
= 
2a 
2 
Diameter = AC = 2a = d 
Perimeter of ABCD square = 4 x a = 4a 
1/4th of the circumference CB = 
d 
4 
 
= 
2a 
4 
  
where d = diameter = diagonal = 2a of the ABCD square. 
[1] Let us find out 1/4th of circumference of circle CB, with the present  value, 3.14159265358… 
[2] 
d 
4 
 
= 
2a 
4 
 
= 
3.14159265358 2a 
4 
 
= 
1.11072073453 
a 
4 
  
  
  
[3] where diameter of the circle is 2a 
[4] Let us use the following formula to get the length of the diagonal (known of course i.e., 2a ) from the 
above value. 
[5] 
Perimeter of thesquare 
1 
Half of 7 timesof sideof square th of diagonal 
4 

To Judge The Correct-Ness Of The New Pi Value… 
www.ijmsi.org 3 | P a g e 
[6] 
4a 
7a 2a 
2 4 
 
 
4 
7 2 
2 4 
 
 
4 
14 2 
4 
 
 
16 
14 2 
 
 
[7] In the 3rd step, let us multiply the above value with the 1/4th of the circumference of the circle, to give the 
diagonal AC of the square ABCD. 
[8] 
3.14159265358 2a 16 
4 14 2 
 
 
 
[9] 
1.11072073453 a 
1.27127534534 
4 
 
  = 1.41203188536… = (1.41203188536)a 
[10] The 2 value is 1.41421356237… 
[11] It is clear therefore, that the  value 3.14159265358… does not give exact length of the diagonal AC of 
ABCD square whose value is 2a = 1.41421356237. 
[12] Now, let us repeat the above steps with the new  value = 
14 2 
4 
 
[13] 
d 
4 
 
= 
2a 
4 
 
14 2 1 
2a 
4 4 
 
   = 
14 2  2 
a 
16 
     
  
  
[14] = 1/4th of Circumference of circle CB 
[15] 
Perimeter of thesquare 
1 
Half of 7 timesof sideof square th of diagonal 
4 
 
a. 
4a 
7a 2a 
2 4 
 
 
16 
14 2 
 
 
[16] 3rd Step: Multiplication of values of 4 & 5 S. Nos 
[17] = 
14 2  2 16 
a 2a 
16 14 2 
     
     
     
[18] As the exact length of the diagonal AC of square ABCD equal to 2a is obtained with the new  value, 
so, 
14 2 
4 
 
is the real  value. 
III. CONCLUSION 
In circle, there are circumference, radius and diameter. In square, there are perimeter, diagonal and 
side. When a circle is superscribed with the square, circumference, side, diagonal and perimeter of square co-exist 
in an interesting relationship. In this paper, this relationship is studied and the diagonal length is obtained 
from the arc of the circumference. This is possible only when the exact length of the circumference is known. 
A wrong length of circumference obtained using a wrong  value gives only wrong length of diagonal. 
REFERENCES 
[1] Lennart Berggren, Jonathan Borwein, Peter Borwein (1997), Pi: A source Book, 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag Ney York 
Berlin Heidelberg SPIN 10746250. 
[2] Alfred S. Posamentier & Ingmar Lehmann (2004), , A Biography of the World‟s Most Mysterious Number, Prometheus 
Books, New York 14228-2197. 
[3] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), New Method of Computing Pi value (Siva Method). IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e- 
ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN: 2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. IV. (Feb. 2014), PP 48-49. 
[4] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Jesus Method to Compute the Circumference of A Circle and Exact Pi Value. IOSR 
Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN: 2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. I. (Jan. 2014), PP 58-59.
To Judge The Correct-Ness Of The New Pi Value… 
www.ijmsi.org 4 | P a g e 
[5] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Supporting Evidences To the Exact Pi Value from the Works Of Hippocrates Of Chios, Alfred S. Posamentier And Ingmar Lehmann. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 2 Ver. II (Mar-Apr. 2014), PP 09-12 
[6] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), New Pi Value: Its Derivation and Demarcation of an Area of Circle Equal to Pi/4 in A Square. International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention, E-ISSN: 2321 – 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759. Volume 2 Issue 5, May. 2014, PP-33-38. 
[7] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Pythagorean way of Proof for the segmental areas of one square with that of rectangles of adjoining square. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. III (May-Jun. 2014), PP 17-20. 
[8] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Hippocratean Squaring Of Lunes, Semicircle and Circle. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e- ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. II (May-Jun. 2014), PP 39-46 
[9] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Durga Method of Squaring A Circle. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. IV. (Feb. 2014), PP 14-15 
[10] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), The unsuitability of the application of Pythagorean Theorem of Exhaustion Method, in finding the actual length of the circumference of the circle and Pi. International Journal of Engineering Inventions. e-ISSN: 2278-7461, p-ISSN: 2319-6491, Volume 3, Issue 11 (June 2014) PP: 29-35. 
[11] RD Sarva Jagannadha Reddy (2014), Pi of the Circle, at www.rsjreddy.webnode.com. 
[12] R.D. Sarva Jagannadha Reddy (2014). Pi treatment for the constituent rectangles of the superscribed square in the study of exact area of the inscribed circle and its value of Pi (SV University Method*). IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM), e- ISSN: 2278-5728, p-ISSN:2319-765X. Volume 10, Issue 4 Ver. I (Jul-Aug. 2014), PP 44-48.

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A0270104

  • 1. International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) E-ISSN: 2321 – 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759 www.ijmsi.org Volume 2 Issue 7 || July. 2014 || PP-01-04 www.ijmsi.org 1 | P a g e To Judge the Correct-Ness of the New Pi Value of Circle By Deriving The Exact Diagonal Length Of The Inscribed Square R.D. Sarva Jaganndha Reddy ABSTRACT : Circle and square are soul and body of the subject of Geometry. All celestial bodies in the Cosmos are spherical in shape. Four equidistant tangents on a circle will give rise to a square. A circle can be inscribed in a square too. Thus, circle and square are two inseperable geometrical entities.  is a fundamental mathematical constant. The world believes 3.14159265358… as  value for the last 2000 years. Yet it is an approximate value. Continuous search for its exact value is going on, even now. God has been kind. The exact  value is not a myth. It has become real with the discovery of 14 2 4  . It is a very tough job to convince the world that the new finding is the real  value. In this paper, the exact length of the diagonal of the inscribed square form the length of an arc of the superscribed circle is obtained as a proof. KEYWORDS: Circle, circumference, diameter, diagonal, perimeter, square I. INTRODUCTION The geometrical constant, called , is as old as human civilization. In the ancient days, contributions on  was very admirable from the Eastern parts of the World. The Founding Father of Mathematics: Hippocrates of Chios (450 BC) has not touched the value of . But his work on the nature of circular entities such as squaring of lunes, semicircle and full circle is unparalled in the History of Mathematics.The present  value, 3.14159265358… could not understood Hippocrates’ work and its greatness. What is the reason ? This number is not the  of the circle. It is the value of the polygon. It was derived using Pythagorean theorem. Pythagorean theorem gives exact length to a hypotenuse which is a straight line. Circumference of a circle is not a straight line. It is a curvature. Hence, 3.14159265358… of polygon has failed to understand the greatness of Hippocrates. In other words, 3.14159265358… is not a  number at all. After a long waiting of 2000 years by trillions of scholars NATURE has revealed its true length of a circumference of circle and its  value. The value is 14 2 4  = 3.14644660942… derived from Gayatri method. It was discovered in March 1998. This worker is the first and fortunate humble man to see this fundamental truth, and at the same time, made this author responsible to reveal to the whole world, its total personality. He was cautioned by the Nature, through Inner Voice, further, not to shirk his responsibility till the end, till the world welcomes it, and continue to search speck by speck naturally, respecting the Cosmic mind of the Nature, with indomitable determination, and fight single handedly against the conservative attitude and die like a warrior defeated, if situation of “reluctance to acceptance” still persistsFrom the remote past to the present, the period of study of  is divided into two periods: the period of geometrical dependence in the derivation of  value and the 2nd period from 1660 AD onwards till today, the period of dependence on infinite series, dissociating totally geometrical analysis in the derivation of  value. In the present and second period, the number 3.14159265358… is considered as a number only and nothing to do with the definition of “the ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle”. The paradox is, geometry is forgotten in the derivation of  value but searched for the same, in squaring of a circle. Finally, this number 3.14159265358… has gained four characteristics: 1. Though it is a polygon number, established itself as a  number of circle. 2. Though an approximate number it ruled the world for many centuries as a final value. 3. Though it doesn‟t belong to a circle has commented „squaring of circle‟ as an unsolved geometrical problem. 4. Though it has gained a status of transcendental number with the definition of “…the fact that  cannot be calculated by a combination of the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and square root extraction…” (Ref.1) is derived actually in Exhaustion method, applying the Pythagorean theorem, and invariably with the involvement of 3 . Further, the moment this number discared the association of Geometry, it has started a new relationship in
  • 2. To Judge The Correct-Ness Of The New Pi Value… www.ijmsi.org 2 | P a g e Euler’s formula e i+1 = 0 with unrelated numbers which are themselves approximate numbers. C.L.F. Lindeman (1882) has called  number as a transcendental number based on Euler‟s formula. Here again, there is a discrepancy in choosing , in the Euler‟s formula. In the formula,  means  radians 1800 and not,  constant 3.14… Are they both,  radians and  constant are identical ?  constant is divine, whereas  radians equal to 1800 is, human creation and convenience. In the Euler‟s formula  radians 1800 is involved and the resultant status of transcendence has been applied to  constant. Let us rewright ei + 1 = 0 as 1 3.14 e 1 0     . Is it right and acceptable ?It may not be wrong in calling that 3.14159265358… is a transcendental number but it is definitely wrong when  number is called a transcendental number and with a consequential immediate statement “squaring of a circle” is impossible. The major objection is, the very definition of  is “the ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle”. So, this discrepancy led to the conclusion that 3.14159265358… is not, infact, a  number.In its support, we have the work of Hipporcrates. Hippocrates had squared a circle even before any text book on Mathematics was born; His text book is the basis of Euclid’s Elements too. As Hippocrates did square the circle it implied  an algebraic number. Further, Lindemann is also right in calling 3.14159265358… as transcendental number and not right, if he calls  number as transcendental. Here, there is a clarity of opinion thus. 3.14159265358… is a polygon number (and attributed to circle). In this paper the diagonal length is obtained from the actual length of the circumference of the circle. II. PROCEDURE Draw a square ABCD. Draw two diagonals AC and BD. „O‟ is the centre. AB = Side = a; AC = BD = diameter = 2a Draw a circle with centre „O‟ and with radius d 2 = diameter d 2 = 2a 2 Diameter = AC = 2a = d Perimeter of ABCD square = 4 x a = 4a 1/4th of the circumference CB = d 4  = 2a 4   where d = diameter = diagonal = 2a of the ABCD square. [1] Let us find out 1/4th of circumference of circle CB, with the present  value, 3.14159265358… [2] d 4  = 2a 4  = 3.14159265358 2a 4  = 1.11072073453 a 4       [3] where diameter of the circle is 2a [4] Let us use the following formula to get the length of the diagonal (known of course i.e., 2a ) from the above value. [5] Perimeter of thesquare 1 Half of 7 timesof sideof square th of diagonal 4 
  • 3. To Judge The Correct-Ness Of The New Pi Value… www.ijmsi.org 3 | P a g e [6] 4a 7a 2a 2 4   4 7 2 2 4   4 14 2 4   16 14 2   [7] In the 3rd step, let us multiply the above value with the 1/4th of the circumference of the circle, to give the diagonal AC of the square ABCD. [8] 3.14159265358 2a 16 4 14 2    [9] 1.11072073453 a 1.27127534534 4    = 1.41203188536… = (1.41203188536)a [10] The 2 value is 1.41421356237… [11] It is clear therefore, that the  value 3.14159265358… does not give exact length of the diagonal AC of ABCD square whose value is 2a = 1.41421356237. [12] Now, let us repeat the above steps with the new  value = 14 2 4  [13] d 4  = 2a 4  14 2 1 2a 4 4     = 14 2  2 a 16          [14] = 1/4th of Circumference of circle CB [15] Perimeter of thesquare 1 Half of 7 timesof sideof square th of diagonal 4  a. 4a 7a 2a 2 4   16 14 2   [16] 3rd Step: Multiplication of values of 4 & 5 S. Nos [17] = 14 2  2 16 a 2a 16 14 2                [18] As the exact length of the diagonal AC of square ABCD equal to 2a is obtained with the new  value, so, 14 2 4  is the real  value. III. CONCLUSION In circle, there are circumference, radius and diameter. In square, there are perimeter, diagonal and side. When a circle is superscribed with the square, circumference, side, diagonal and perimeter of square co-exist in an interesting relationship. In this paper, this relationship is studied and the diagonal length is obtained from the arc of the circumference. This is possible only when the exact length of the circumference is known. A wrong length of circumference obtained using a wrong  value gives only wrong length of diagonal. REFERENCES [1] Lennart Berggren, Jonathan Borwein, Peter Borwein (1997), Pi: A source Book, 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag Ney York Berlin Heidelberg SPIN 10746250. [2] Alfred S. Posamentier & Ingmar Lehmann (2004), , A Biography of the World‟s Most Mysterious Number, Prometheus Books, New York 14228-2197. [3] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), New Method of Computing Pi value (Siva Method). IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e- ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN: 2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. IV. (Feb. 2014), PP 48-49. [4] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Jesus Method to Compute the Circumference of A Circle and Exact Pi Value. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN: 2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. I. (Jan. 2014), PP 58-59.
  • 4. To Judge The Correct-Ness Of The New Pi Value… www.ijmsi.org 4 | P a g e [5] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Supporting Evidences To the Exact Pi Value from the Works Of Hippocrates Of Chios, Alfred S. Posamentier And Ingmar Lehmann. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 2 Ver. II (Mar-Apr. 2014), PP 09-12 [6] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), New Pi Value: Its Derivation and Demarcation of an Area of Circle Equal to Pi/4 in A Square. International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention, E-ISSN: 2321 – 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759. Volume 2 Issue 5, May. 2014, PP-33-38. [7] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Pythagorean way of Proof for the segmental areas of one square with that of rectangles of adjoining square. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. III (May-Jun. 2014), PP 17-20. [8] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Hippocratean Squaring Of Lunes, Semicircle and Circle. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e- ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. II (May-Jun. 2014), PP 39-46 [9] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), Durga Method of Squaring A Circle. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. IV. (Feb. 2014), PP 14-15 [10] RD Sarva Jagannada Reddy (2014), The unsuitability of the application of Pythagorean Theorem of Exhaustion Method, in finding the actual length of the circumference of the circle and Pi. International Journal of Engineering Inventions. e-ISSN: 2278-7461, p-ISSN: 2319-6491, Volume 3, Issue 11 (June 2014) PP: 29-35. [11] RD Sarva Jagannadha Reddy (2014), Pi of the Circle, at www.rsjreddy.webnode.com. [12] R.D. Sarva Jagannadha Reddy (2014). Pi treatment for the constituent rectangles of the superscribed square in the study of exact area of the inscribed circle and its value of Pi (SV University Method*). IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM), e- ISSN: 2278-5728, p-ISSN:2319-765X. Volume 10, Issue 4 Ver. I (Jul-Aug. 2014), PP 44-48.