Postero anterior cephalometric analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

1. POSTERO-ANTERIOR CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION USES AND LIMITATIONS. RICKETTS ANALYSIS. SVANHOLT AND SOLOW ANALYSIS. GRUMMONS ANALYSIS. GRAYSON ANALYSIS. HEWITT ANALYSIS. CHIERICI ANALYSIS. INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY Leader in continuing Dental Education www.indiandentalacademy.com

2. INTRODUCTION Since the advent of cephalometric radiography, orthodontists have focused on the lateral x-ray as their primary source of patient skeletal and dentoalveolar data.However, the frontal view also contain valuable information for diagnosis and treatment planning procedures. Various dental and skeletal widths and skeletal asymmetries that are not available from the lateral cephalograms can be quantified from a frontal radiograph. www.indiandentalacademy.com

3. POSTERO-ANTERIOR CEPHALOMETRIC USES & LIMITATIONS Aims: They evaluate craniofacial skeleton by means of linear absolute measurements of: Width or height. Angles Ratios. Volumetric Comparison. www.indiandentalacademy.com

4. Uses: Different structures of cranio-facial complex can also be analyzed using qualitative methods. A postero-anterior cephalograms evaluates the vertical, transverse and sagittal dimensions of different structures. Different structures can be evaluated w.r.t their vertical dimension, position and proportionality. www.indiandentalacademy.com

5. Vertical asymmetry can be easily detected by connecting bilateral structures, drawing transverse planes, and by observing their relative orientation(Sollar,1947, Proffit, 1991). The use of ratios in postero-anterior cephalograms can help compare different persons or groups whose radiographs have been taken with uncontrolled enlargement of different structures of skull on X-ray film (Athanasiou et al, 1992) www.indiandentalacademy.com

6. Limitations: Precise linear measurements on postero-anterior cephalograms may be misleading. eg. The apparent distance will be affected by a tilt of the head in the head holder. Angular measurements can also be influenced in an uncontrolled manner. Diagnostic interpretation of ratios for clinical applications in individual cases is difficult. www.indiandentalacademy.com

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