android

1. ANDROID
By Pooja Sree.K
11MI012
II-ME-SE

2. Agenda
• What is android?
• Versions
• Features
• Android architecture
• Description
• Interface
• Applications
• Security and Privacy
• Android mobile phones

3. What is android?
• Linux based operating system developed for
smart phones and tablet computers.
• Developed by Google in conjunction with Open
Handset Alliance.
• Android Open Source Project (ASOP)
• Provides tools and API’s to begin developing
applications using Java programming language.

4. Versions
• Android was developed by Google and Open
Handset Alliance.
• The version updates:
 Android 1.0
 Android 1.1
 Android 1.5 (Cupcake)
 Android 1.6 (Donut)
 Android 2.0/2.1(Éclair)
 Android 2.2.x (Froyo)
 Android 2.3.x (Gingerbread)
 Android 3.x (Honeycomb)
 Android 4.0.x (Ice-cream Sandwich)
 Android 4.1.x (Jelly Bean)

5. Android 1.0
• First commercial version
• Released on September23, 2008
• Device that runs Android 1.0 is HTC Dream (G1)
• The features available in the devise are:
• Android Market application downloads and
updates through the market app
• Web Browser to show, zoom and pan full HTML
and XHTML web pages
• Access to web email servers, supporting POP3,
IMAP4 and SMTP.
• Gmail synchronization with Gmail app
• Google maps with latitude and street view to view
maps and satellitte imagery

6. Android 1.1
• Released on February 9,2009
• Initially released for HTC Dream only
• Android 1.1 was known as ”Petit Four”
• This update resolved bugs
• Features included ability to save attachments in
messages
• Marquee for system layouts
• Longer in-call screen timeout default when using
the speakerphone, plus ability to show/hide
dial pad

7. Android 1.5 Cupcake
• Released on April 30, 2009
• This version was based on Linux kernal2.6.27
• Features included are
– Support for Widgets-miniature application
views that can be embedded in other
applications (such as the Home screen) and
receive periodic updates
– Video recording and playback in MPEG-4 and
3GP formats
– Auto-rotation operation
– Ability to upload videos in Youtube and photos
to Picasa

8. Android 1.6 Donut
• Released on September 15, 2009
• This version was based on Linux kernel 2.6.29
• Voice and text entry search enhanced to include
bookmark history, contacts, and the web
• Multi-lingual speech synthesis engine to allow
any Android application to "speak" a string of text
• Easier searching and ability to view app
screenshots in Android Market
• Updated technology support for CDMA /
EVDO,802.1x, VPNs, and a text-to-speech
engine
• Support for WVGA screen resolutions

9. Android 2.0/2.1Eclair
• Released on October 26, 2009
• Exchange email support, with combined inbox to
browse email from multiple accounts in one page
• Bluetooth 2.1 support
• Ability to search all saved SMS and MMS
messages
• Delete oldest messages in a conversation
automatically deleted when a defined limit is
reached
• Improved Google Maps 3.1.2
• Addition of live wallpapers, allowing the animation
of home-screen background images to show
movement

10. Android 2.2.x Froyo
• Released on May 20,2010
• Froyo-Frozen Yogurt
• Android 2.2.x was based on 2.6.32
• Features include:
• Speed, memory and performance optimizations
• Support for the Android Cloud to Device
Messaging (C2DM) service, enabling push
notifications
• Improved application launcher with shortcuts to
Phone and Browser applications
• USB tethering and Wi-Fi hotspot functionality

11. Android 2.3.x Gingerbread
• Released on December 6, 2010
• Gingerbread was based on Linux kernel 2.6.35
• Updated user interface design with increased
simplicity and speed
• Native support for SIP VoIP internet telephony
• Faster, more intuitive text input in virtual
keyboard, with improved accuracy, better
suggested text and voice input mode
• Enhanced copy/paste functionality
• Support for multiple cameras on the device,
including a front-facing camera

12. Android 3.x Honeycomb
• Honeycomb was released on February 22, 2011
• This is the first tablet android updated
• Based on Linux kernel 2.6.36
• Motorola Xoom tablet released on February 24,2011
based featuring this version
• Optimized tablet support with a new virtual and
“holographic” user interface
• Added System Bar, featuring quick access to
notifications, status, and soft navigation buttons,
available at the bottom of the screen
• Support for multi-core processors
• Ability to encrypt all user data

13. Android 4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich
• Ice cream sandwich was based on Linux kernel
3.0.1
• Released on October 19, 2011
• Updated features include:
• Soft buttons from Android 3.x are now available
for use on phones
• Separation of widgets in a new tab
• Easier-to-create folders, with a drag-and-drop
style
• Pinch-to-zoom functionality in the calendar
• Improved error correction on the keyboard
• Ability to access apps directly from lock screen

14. Android 4.1.x Jelly Bean
• Jelly bean was introduced by Google on June 27,2012
• Based on Linux kernel 3.0.31
• Update for improving the functionality and
performance of user interface
• Project Butter – performance improvement which uses
touch anticipation, triple buffering extended vsync
timing
• Includes features like enhanced accessibility, bi
directional text, expandable notifications
• High resolution Google+ contact photos
• One-finger gestures to expand/collapse
notifications

15. Features
• The features present in android mobiles are:
– Application framework
– Dalvik virtual machine
– Integrated browser
– Optimized graphics
– SQLite
– Media support
– GSM Telephony
– Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G and Wi-Fi
– Camera, GPS, compass
– Rich development environment

16. Android Architecture
• The major components of android operating system
are:
– Applications
– Application Framework
– Libraries
– Android Runtime
– Linux Kernel

17. Architecture

18. Applications
• Android will sail with a set of core applications
– E-mail client
– SMS program
– Calendar
– Maps
– Browser
– Contacts
• All these applications are written using Java
programming language

19. Application framework
• Open development platform
• Ability to build extremely rich and innovative
applications
• Designed to simplify the reuse of components:
– Any application can publish its capabilities and any other
application can make use of those applications
• The set of services and systems :
– Views
– Content providers
– Resource manager
– Notification manager
– Activity manager

20. Libraries
• Android includes set of C/C++ libraries
• The core libraries are
– System C Library
– Media Libraries
– Surface Manager
– Lib Web Core
– SGL
– 3D Libraries
– Free Type
– SQLite

21. Android Runtime
• Runs on its own process, with its own instance of the
Dalvik virtual machine
• Device can run multiple virtual machines efficiently
• Executes files in Dalvik Executable(.dex) format
• VM is register based and runs classes complied by
Java
• Dalvik VM relies on Linux kernel for functionality
such as threading and low-level memory
management

22. Linux Kernel
• Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for systems :
– Security
– Memory management
– Process management
– Network stack
– Driver model
• Kernel acts as abstraction layer between the hardware
and the software stack

23. Description
• Android is primarily designed for smart phones and
tablets
• The open and customizable nature of OS allows it to
use on other electronics like
– Laptops
– Netbooks
– Smartbooks
– Ebook readers
– Smart TV’s(Google TV)

24. Description Cont.
• The OS has seen niche applications on
– Wristwatches
– Headphones
– Car CD
– DVD players
– Smart Glasses
– Refrigerators
• Android Green is the color of Android Robot that
represents the Android operating systems

25. Interface
• Android’s user interface is based on direct
manipulation
• Touch inputs that correspond to actions like
– Swiping
– Tapping
– Pinching
– Reverse pinching
• The response to user input is immediate and
provides a fluid touch interface

26. Interface Cont.
• Android devices boot to the home screen
• It is made up of app icons and widgets
• Home screen is made up off several pages that the
user can swipe back and fourth between

27. Applications
• Development in Java language using Android
Software Development Kit
• They are acquired by end-users through app stores
– Google Play
– Amazon Appstore
• The Play store application allows user to browse,
download and update the apps
• At June 2012, there were more than 600,000 apps
available for android
• The operating system itself is installed by 400 million
devces

28. Security and Privacy
• Android applications run in a ‘sandbox’
• Before installing an application, the Play Store
displays all the required permissions
• Sandboxing weakens the impact of vulnerabilities
and bugs in the applications
• There are many anti-virus software Android devices
such as
– Look-out mobile security
– AVG Technologies
– McAfee
• The smart phones have the ability to report the
location of Wi-Fi access points

29. Android Mobile Phones
• Android phones are the top choices for mobile users
• The best android mobile phones are:
– Samsung Galaxy S III
– HTC One X
– Motorola Droid Razr Maxx
– Google Nexus One
– Archos 5 Internet

30. Samsung Galaxy S3
• Is hardware savvy gadget
• Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich
• Dual core processor
• 8MP Camera
• S Beam transfers

31. HTC One X
• Features of HTC One X
• Big, bright 4.7-inch screen
• 4G LTE data speeds
• Ice Cream Sandwich
• Sense 4

32. Motorola Droid Razr Maxx
• Features
– 1.2GHz dual-core processor
– 4G LTE data speeds
– Super AMOLED Advanced capacitive touch
screen, 16M colors

33. Google Nexus One
• Display – 3.70 inches, 480 x 800 pixels, Color,
AMOLED Captivities Touchscreen
• Processor – 1 GHz processor
• Internal/External Memory – 512 MB RAM / 512
MB ROM, microSD/microSDHC
• Battery – Li – Ion, 1400 mAh
• Standby Time – Up to 290 hours
• Talk Time – Up to 7 hours

34. Archos 5 Internet
• Display – 4.8-inch Touchscreen display 800 x 480-
pixel resolution
• Processor – 800 Mhz
• Internal/External Memory – Internal Storage Available
in 8 GB and 16GB*
• Battery life – 22 hours audio, 7 hours video
• Connectivity – 802.11b/g/n wireless, Bluetooth, GPS

35. Queries??

36. Thank You!!