Ilkka Hannula

biomass gasification biofuels residues bioenergy hydrogen electricity co2 ccu electrolysis sustainability techno-economics synthetic fuels integration olefins waste learning-by-doing steel dsm fcr grid balancing hybrid carbon emissions industry furnace rotary kiln flexibility system solar wind net negative emissions ccs biochar learning curve oil price nth-of-a-kind first-of-a-kind thermochemical transportation ghg emissions low-carbon climate change carbon-neutral mobility power to fuels synfuels fertiliser ammonia polymers biopolttoaineet väitöskirja tuotantokustannukset sähköpolttoaineet electrolyser electrofuels power-to-fuels bio-based materials heat liquid fuels power synteettiset polttoaineet metsätähteet biomassa kaasutus modelling