Following the launch of the Igennus MindCare range, Sophie kicks off our in-depth advanced nutrition for the brain education series by taking a look at the current research into various different brain boosting nutrients and explaining why we chose the specific formulations and doses used in MindCare. Covering everything from boosting mood to performing mentally complex tasks under pressure, Sophie provides the latest scoop on what really works and how we can use brain boosting nutrients as a spring-board for client success.

1. Brain-boosting bio-actives:
what really works?

2. Why brain health is HOT right now
• 1 in 4 suffer with a mental health condition
• 12 million adults see their GP for this – most cases stress-
related anxiety and depression
• 13.3 million working days lost each year due to stress-related
illness
• Cognitive decline and dementia are on the rise
• 1 in 5 older adults suffer with depression and/or dementia
• 7% of over 65s have dementia
• 20% of over 80s have dementia
Issues affecting the brain and mind are widespread

3. The Problem

4. With nearly all of UK adults affected by one of the four following need-states
determining how we can utilise nutrition to treat and prevent mental illness is of key
public health importance

5. Introducing MindCare®
Having specialised in omega-3 lipid therapeutics for over a decade, we have
translated our extensive expertise from our cutting edge science-based omega-3
EPA supplements and our understanding of brain development, cognition and
mental health into a premium mass market wellbeing offering for adults seeking to
make the most of life. MindCare® supplements deliver the foundational
ingredients for the brain and all-round health to transform how people feel.

6. Nutrition for brain and mental health –
the evidence

7. Brain studies are extremely difficult to conduct
Why??
What's the optimal
length of time for
this intervention
Which nutrients should
be used? Single, isolated
nutrients or blends….
What dose do we
give?
What's the right
population for this study
and intervention?
What else might be affecting
the participants’ brains?

8. Omega-3s

9. Lipids and the brain 18 = Stearic
18:2 = Linoleic
20:3 = DGLA
20:4 = AA
22.5 = DPA
18.3 = α-LA
20.5 = EPA
22.5 = DPA
22.6 = DHA

10. EFSA panel outcomes of DHA:
• The Panel notes that there is a well established role of DHA in
brain function
• The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has
been established between the consumption of DHA and the
maintenance of normal brain function
• The Panel considers that in order to bear the claim, foods
should contain 250 mg of DHA in one or more servings
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/scientific_output/
files/main_documents/3840.pdf

11. • Dominant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain
• DHA vital for structure of the brain
• Own unique structure ensures membranes are fluid and flexible
• Vital neuroprotection
– neurotransmission, membrane channel and receptor function,
synaptic plasticity
– memory and learning
DHA and the brain

12. • Structurally, EPA not a key player but numerous other roles
make it vital for brain structure and function
– protects DHA via reducing phospholipase A2 activity
– major anti-inflammatory eicosanoid precursor – directly competes with
and displaces AA to reduce inflammation
– interacts with genes directly to stimulate neurone growth and
differentiation
– reduces oxidative stress
– enhances focus, attention and processing speed
– rapid β-oxidation in preference to DHA providing fuel for mitochondrial
energy production
EPA and the brain

13. • EPA directly reduces stress perception and
protects against HPA-axis dysregulation
• Reducing inflammation protects against
degradation and reduced transportation of
neurotransmitters at the synapse
Repeated exposure to stress = HPA-axis hyper
responsiveness, anxiety, depression,
inflammation, oxidative stress and increased cell
ageing
Bosma-den boer 2012, Laugero et al., 2011Furuyashiki 2012
Keikolt-Glaser., 2010, Ros., 2009
EPA and the brain

14. • EPA turnover considerably higher than
DHA (brain DHA turnover is very low 4-5mg/day)
• Requires constant replenishment at
higher levels than DHA
– protects against the high levels of
inflammation, oxidative stress and HPA-axis
dysregulation, common to modern diet and
lifestyles
• EPA in excess of DHA – necessary to elicit
mood and anti-inflammatory benefits
EPA and the brain
Roke and Mutch 2014:
Supplementation with 1200mg EPA +
600mg DHA in young healthy males
ages 18-25 for 12 weeks followed by 6
weeks washout

15. BUT - does your fish oil deliver?

16. Importance of oil concentration
 Higher concentrations increase cellular omega-3 levels more than the same
dose provided at a lower concentration
Brunton and Collins 2007

17. Importance of dose plus concentration
 Higher dose high concentrations from rTG fish oil increase cellular omega-3
levels up to 5x more than krill oil and 3x more than standard fish oil
Laidlaw et al.,
2014
Comparison of
manufacturer-
recommended
dose of rTG, EE
concentrated
fish oils with Krill
oil (PL) and
salmon oil (TG)

18. The power of rTG omega-3
Dyerberg et al., 2010 graph shows the % increase in serum EPA+DHA content following 2 weeks of EPA
and DHA supplementation Av. 3.3g per day.
 rTG oil delivered biggest increase in serum lipid content in the lowest volume of oil and
lowest total dose of EPA+DHA (all others delivered 200mg EPA + DHA or more)

19. B vitamins

20. • Vital for energy metabolism, synthesis of
neurotransmitters, antioxidant protection
• Ensures optimal delivery of fuel to the brain
– enhances cognition, relaxation, sleep, mental focus and
reduces stress and oxidative stress
B vitamin complex

21. • Homocysteine recycling – by-product of the methylation cycle – necessary
for the production of:
– SAMe – metabolism of neurotransmitters serotonin, melatonin and dopamine
– cysteine and glutathione – vital for antioxidant protection and detoxification processes
– DNA – cell cycle, genetic replication, growth and development
– carnitine, choline and CoQ10 – energy metabolism and mitochondrial function
– myelin proteins – nerve transmission and CNS communication
• Homocysteine accumulation affects every function right down to the
cellular level
B vitamin complex

22. Other vital vitamins

23. Vitamin C
• further supports detoxification, provides antioxidant
protection against free radicals
• reduces tiredness and fatigue
• necessary for the proper functioning of the CNS and
psychological functioning
Vitamin E
• sunflower seed source
• antioxidant protection
Vital vitamins

24. Vital vitamins
Vitamin D
• expression of nootropics (‘smart’ drugs)
• neurone growth and development
• calcium homeostasis – neurone firing
• detoxification - helping to rid the brain of
protein build-ups

25. Mind-modulating minerals

26. Zinc
• essential to the production of neurotransmitters
• enhances neurotransmission via interaction with receptors, transporters
and ion channels in the neurone and synapse
Selenium
• up-regulates glutathione production
• main component of antioxidant enzymes
• supports proper adrenal function – commonly disrupted by high stress and
poor diet – leads to poor sleep, memory problems and fatigue

27. Magnesium
• Regulates the CNS via
– neurotransmitter synthesis
– neurone activity
– synaptic plasticity

28. Immune function and the brain

29. • Stress, busy lifestyles, poor diet, ageing, poor sleep
and low mood all negatively impact the immune
system
• When we get sick, brain function and mood are
dramatically reduced
• Vitamin C, E, D, zinc, selenium, omega-3 and B
vitamins all work together to enhance, support and
protect immune function
• Reduces likelihood of illness
• Prevents stress-induced immune weakening

30. Immune function and the brain

31. Stress and anxiety

32. Chronic stress
HPA axis over-
stimulation
Excess cortisol Inflammation
Oxidative stress,
lipid peroxidation
Low serotonin, GABA and dopamine, anxiety, depression,
tiredness, fatigue, immune suppression

33. Chronic stress
HPA axis over-
stimulation
Excess cortisol Inflammation
Oxidative stress,
lipid peroxidation
Low serotonin, GABA and dopamine, anxiety, depression,
tiredness, fatigue, immune suppression
Omega -3

34. Chronic stress
HPA axis over-
stimulation
Excess cortisol Inflammation
Oxidative stress,
lipid peroxidation
Low serotonin, GABA and dopamine, anxiety, depression,
tiredness, fatigue, immune suppression
Vitamins
C and B

35. Selenium protects thyroid
function, reducing impact of
HPA-axis overstimulation
Vitamin B5 helps regulates
adrenal function – reducing
hypersensitivity to stress

36. Magnesium
• Neurotransmitter production
• Vitamin B6 absorption
• Required by 325 enzymes (many of which
act in the brain)
• Neurone health, synaptic plasticity,
learning and memory [51,52]
• Low magnesium levels linked to anxiety, depression,
irritability, insomnia, confusion….[50]

37. L-Theanine
• Amino acid commonly lacking in modern diet
• Present in tea!
Serotonin
Happiness
Sleep
Dopamine
Focus
Motivation
Learning
Anti-anxiety
GABA
Relaxation

38. Ashwagandha
Valerian
Rhodiola
Reduction of stress
and insomnia
Anti-anxiety
benefits
Prevents high
cortisol production
Protects against stress induced
immunosuppression
Minor benefits to
anxiety sleep and
fatigue
Increased subjective
wellbeing in stressed
fatigued individuals

39. Focus, attention and cognitive
performance

40. Omega-3 increases blood flow to the brain supplying oxygen and fuel delivery, are
essential for neurotransmitter production and function, memory, learning, cognition, and
brain and neurone cell structure
Benefits restricted to those with sub-optimal omega-3
intake – surprised?!

42. DHA is for memory and
learning if intake is low
EPA in excess of DHA for
cognitive performance, in
particular attention
Total omega-
3 needed to
be >400mg
‘DHA only’
often resulted
in detrimental
effects to
cognition
Many benefits of DHA
associated with increased
blood flow
>1month intervention needed
for benefits to be seen

43. Zinc is necessary for neurotransmitter production and helps to
ensure sustained, optimal neurone firing

44. Acetyl-L-Carnitine
• Transports fat directly to the mitochondria of brain cells
• Increases noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin and their receptors
– increases memory and cognitive function

45. L-Theanine PLUS caffeine
• Potent fine-tuning of focus, concentration and memory
• Improved cognitive performance for demanding tasks

46. Taurine is an amino sulfonic acid that acts as a lipid/membrane stabiliser in the
body and can aid various antioxidant defence systems.

47. Amino Acids. 2000;19(3-4):635-42.
A taurine and caffeine-containing drink stimulates cognitive performance and well-being.
Seidl R1, Peyrl A, Nicham R, Hauser E.
The findings clearly indicate that the mixture of three key ingredients of Red Bull Energy
Drink used in the study (caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone) have positive effects upon
human mental performance and mood.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Nov;158(3):322-8.
An evaluation of a caffeinated taurine drink on mood, memory and information processing
in healthy volunteers without caffeine abstinence.
Warburton DM1, Bersellini E, Sweeney E.
RESULTS:
In both studies, the caffeinated, taurine-containing beverage produced improved attention
and verbal reasoning, in comparison with a sugar-free and the sugar-containing drinks. The
improvement with the verum drink was manifested in terms of both the mean number
correct and the reaction times. Another important finding was the reduction in the variability
of attentional performance between participants.

48. • L-Theanine + taurine calm and focus the mind via GABA and
dopamine activation
• Caffeine stimulates the brain, increasing energy, alertness and
information processing speed
• L-Theanine + caffeine enhance focus and reduce distractibility

49. Mood balance

50. Omega-3
• EPA and DHA are essential for mood-regulating
neurotransmitter production and function
• EPA reduces inflammation, which directly attacks and
degrades serotonin, leading to low mood and depression

51. Depression Sublette 2011 Meta-analysis

52. Grosso et
al., 2014
http://ww
w.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/pu
bmed/2480
5797

53. Vitamin D
• acts as a mood stabiliser
• low levels increase risk of anxiety and depression
• Studies show mixed results (in some case worsening) in
managing depression

54. ‘all studies without flaws demonstrated a statistically significant
improvement in depression with Vitamin D supplements…… the
effect size was comparable to that of anti-depressant medication.’
NB: Only effective in those who are deficient AND dose given must
result in a changed serum Vit D level
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4011048/

55. B Vitamins
• Vitamin B3 helps to reduce inflammation and increase
dopamine synthesis [14]
• Vitamin B7 helps to stabilise blood sugars and reduce mood
swings [30,31]
• B12 and folate – vital for homocysteine recycling (and
therefore SAMe production) – levels linked to positive affect in
healthy population (Edney et al., sept 2015 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26346363)
• B6 (P5P) positively correlates with tryptophan levels and
reduced kynurenine pathway metabolites
(Deac et al., April 2015 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25833774)

56. Recent study using NHANES data found significant
relationship between very low magnesium status and
depression
Tarleton and Littenberg March 2015 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25748766
Magnesium
Supplementation with
glycinate/taurinate form (1-
300mg <4 times daily) shown
to quickly and effectively
relieve depression symptoms
[50]

57. 5-HTP
Is the direct precursor to serotonin
and unlike tryptophan cannot be
used for niacin or protein synthesis
It easily crosses the blood brain
barrier
Currently, St John’s Wort is the much
better researched source and
contains approx. 25% active 5-HTP

58. Cognitive decline

60. BUT almost all studies of omega-3 use to boost
cognitive function have shown little or no
benefits – why?
• Study population
• Dose given
• EPA or DHA
• Cognitive tests chosen
• Duration of intervention time
• Is it already too late?

61. B vitamins
• B1,2,3 and 5
– support mitochondria of the brain and CNS
– aid detoxification pathways
– reduce inflammation
• B6, B12 and folate in their most active and bioavailable forms
– homocysteine recycling
– elevated levels = significant risk factor for age-related cognitive decline

64. Alpha-lipoic acid
– reverses age-related oxidative damage
– metal chelator – prevents build-up in blood
and brain
– stabilises mitochondrial membranes
– improves age-related cognitive decline
[70, 71, 72]

65. MMSE scores showed a significant improvement in 43% patients of group A (26 subjects)
and 23% of group B (15 subjects), compared to baseline (𝑃 = .001). Also ADAS-Cog,
CIBIC, and ADFACS scores showed a significant improvement in group A versus group B.
IR was higher in group A. Our study suggests that ALA therapy could be effective in
slowing cognitive decline in patients with AD and IR.

66. Resveratrol
– supports mitochondrial function
– slows ageing process via interaction with
sirtuin enzymes

67. Antioxidant combination formulas supply potent antioxidant
defence and recycling of body’s antioxidant pool to help reduce
free radical damage to neurones and protect brain structure and
function

68. Ginseng has been shown to provide mild
cognitive enhancement as well as improve
subjective wellbeing
Bacopa Monnieri
Was found to increase cognition and
improve symptoms of cognitive
decline after 4-6 weeks of use
Gingko Biloba studies have found
it provides a notable benefit to
cognition and symptoms of cognitive
decline

69. What else?

71. MindCare® - product range
Igennus MindCare® is the first comprehensive range of targeted brain nutrition
supplements based on four identified consumer need-states.
Transform how you feel™

72. 72
Asimple,expertlyformulated,1-a-daydualcapsulesystem
Ultra concentrated
MindCare® omega-3 EPA &
DHA capsules with vitamins
D & E
Precisely formulated to target and support brain
function (250mg DHA plus 410 mg EPA per
capsule) using the body-ready rTG form of
omega-3 that is nature-identical and easily
absorbed by the body
MindCare® micronutrient
capsules contain:
full B complex plus zinc,
selenium, vitamin C and
targeted ACTIVES
Target distinct areas of brain health with a
comprehensive blend of synergistic vitamins,
minerals and specialist actives at proven,
effective levels and in super-bioavailable forms
 MindCare® is based on cutting edge nutrition science, and combines premium
triglyceride omega-3 fish oil containing 80% active doses of EPA and DHA with
scientifically proven nutrients for various aspects of brain health

73. MindCare® BALANCE is designed specifically to target the
physiological changes associated with stress and feeling
overwhelmed, to help you stay relaxed and keep on top of life
With: Magnesium
glycinate and L-Theanine

74. MindCare® FOCUS is designed to optimise focus and
attention, allowing you to stay alert and fulfil your potential
when you need it most
With: Acetyl-L-Carnitine,
L-Theanine, taurine
and caffeine

75. MindCare® LIFT supplies the nutrients needed to protect
neurotransmitter production and function, boosting serotonin
naturally, to help you stay happy and enjoy life
With: Magnesium
glycinate and 5-HTP

76. MindCare® PROTECT is uniquely formulated to support brain
function as we age and protect against oxidative stress-induced
damage, to help you stay sharp and get the most out of life
With: Acetyl-L-Cysteine,
alpha lipoic acid and
resveratrol

77. • Highly researched and expertly formulated for maximum benefits

• Contains highly bioavailable omega-3 EPA and DHA
– nourishes, protects and repairs the brain and neurone structures
– enhances cellular communication and blood flow
– prevents oxidative & inflammatory damage
MindCare®
Ingredients summary

78. • Active, bioavailable and specialised
micronutrient blends
– mitochondrial function
– neurotransmitter production and
function
– antioxidant protection and detoxification
– reduce overstimulation of HPA-axis and
CNS in response to stress
– support natural biological functions
needed for optimal brain health
MindCare®
Mechanisms summary

79. MindCare®
Benefits summary
Calms the
mind, helping
you to regain
control and stay
relaxed and
keep on top of
life.
Fine tunes your
attention &
supercharges
your mental
processing so
you can stay
alert to fulfil
your full
potential.
For those
needing a little
pick-me-up.
Protects &
enhances your
feel-good
chemicals so you
can stay happy
and enjoy life.
Helps adults to
stay sharp by
protecting the
brain structure,
memory and
mood as you age,
so you can get
the most out of
life.

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