A high step down multiple output converter with wide input voltage range based on quasi two-stage architecture and dual-output llc resonant converter

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IEEE SOFTWARE | EMBEDDED | MECHANICAL | ROBOTICS PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT
A HIGH STEP-DOWN MULTIPLE OUTPUT CONVERTER WITH WIDE INPUT
VOLTAGE RANGE BASED ON QUASI TWO-STAGE ARCHITECTURE AND DUAL-
OUTPUT LLC RESONANT CONVERTER
By
A
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted to the Department of electronics & communication Engineering in the
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
Of
MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
APRIL 2016

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CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report titled “A HIGH STEP-DOWN MULTIPLE OUTPUT
CONVERTER WITH WIDE INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE BASED ON QUASI TWO-
STAGE ARCHITECTURE AND DUAL-OUTPUT LLC RESONANT CONVERTER” is
the bonafide work of Mr. _____________Who carried out the research under my supervision
Certified further, that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of
any other project report or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on
an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.
Signature of the Guide Signature of the H.O.D
Name Name

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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled “A HIGH STEP-DOWN MULTIPLE OUTPUT
STAGE ARCHITECTURE AND DUAL-OUTPUT LLC RESONANT CONVERTER
” Submitted to BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the award of the Degree of MASTER OF APPLIED ELECTRONICS is a record of original
work done by me the guidance of Prof.A.Vinayagam M.Sc., M.Phil., M.E., to the best of my
knowledge, the work reported here is not a part of any other thesis or work on the basis of which
a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion to me or any other candidate.
(Student Name)
(Reg.No)
Place:
Date:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely glad to present my project “A HIGH STEP-DOWN MULTIPLE OUTPUT
STAGE ARCHITECTURE AND DUAL-OUTPUT LLC RESONANT CONVERTER
” which is a part of my curriculum of third semester Master of Science in Computer science. I
take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to those who helped me in bringing out this
project work.
I would like to express my Director, Dr. K. ANANDAN, M.A.(Eco.), M.Ed., M.Phil.,(Edn.),
PGDCA., CGT., M.A.(Psy.) of who had given me an opportunity to undertake this project.
I am highly indebted to Co-Ordinator Prof. Muniappan Department of Physics and thank from
my deep heart for her valuable comments I received through my project.
I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide
Prof. A.Vinayagam M.Sc., M.Phil., M.E., for her immense help and encouragement for
successful completion of this project.
I also express my sincere thanks to the all the staff members of Computer science for their kind
advice.
And last, but not the least, I express my deep gratitude to my parents and friends for their
encouragement and support throughout the project.

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ABSTRACT:
In this letter, a quasi two-stage architecture is proposed for wide input voltage range
(voltage ranges _ 1:2) and high step-down multiple output conversion. A dc-DCX, which
operates as a dc–dc converter with regulated output when the input voltage is low and as a dc–dc
transformer with unregulated output when the input voltage is high, is adopted in the first stage
to provide optimized intermediate dc-bus voltages for the second-stage pointof- load converters.
The input and output of the dc-DCX are in series and connected to the total input voltage. Hence,
part of the input power is directly transferred to the intermediate bus without conversion. The
devices’ voltage stresses and the transformer turns ratio of the dc-DCX are reduced by using the
proposed quasi two-stage architecture. Thus, the conversion efficiency is improved significantly.
Furthermore, a dual-output LLC resonant converter with hybrid center-tapped and full-bridge
rectifier is proposed for the dc-DCX to achieve high efficiency and high power density. A 100-W
prototype with three outputs is built and tested to verify the analysis.

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INTRODUCTION:
The two-stage architecture is a good candidate for the wide and-high input, multiple-and-
low output applications. It has been proven that, although additional loss is introduced by the
first-stage bus converter, the efficiency can still be improved with a very-high-frequency second-
stage point-of-load (PoL) converter by reducing the intermediate bus voltage and using low-
voltage-rating devices.
If the input voltage range is narrow, a very high efficiency unregulated dc–dc
transformer (DCX) can be employed as the front-end converter, because the unregulated
converter can be designed at its optima operation point to achieve the highest efficiency.
The two-stage architecture is a good candidate for the wideand- high input, multiple-and-
low output applications . It has been proven that, although additional loss is introduced by the
first-stage bus converter, the efficiency can still be improved with a very-high-frequency second-
stage point-of-load (PoL) converter by reducing the intermediate bus voltage and using low-
voltage-rating devices.
If the input voltage range is narrow, a very high efficiency unregulated dc–dc transformer
(DCX) can be employed as the front-end converter, because the unregulated converter can be
designed at its optima operation point to achieve the highest efficiency .However, if the bus
voltage range is wide, the output voltage regulation is required for the bus converter to provide
an optimized intermediate dc bus voltage for the PoL converters.
Otherwise, the intermediate bus voltage will vary within a wide range, and hence high
efficiencywould not be achieved for the second-stage PoL converters. However, high efficiency
within a wide input voltage range is difficult to achieve for a dc–dc converter with full voltage
regulation .

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A tradeoff between the efficiency of the two stages is necessary to implement optimized
efficiency of the whole system. In, a sigma converter based on a DCX and a dc–dc converter is
proposed for high step-down PoL converter. The sigma converter seems to be a good solution for
the bus converter because voltage regulation and high efficiency can be achieved .

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EXISTING SYSTEM:
Synchronous rectifiers are used to improve the efficiency. Considering the voltage
stresses on the switches, a full-bridge rectifier is used for the VBus1, and a center-tapped rectifier
is used for the VBus2. Therefore, two secondary windings and six synchronous-rectifying
switches have to be used in the front-end converter

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PROPOSED SYSTEM:
A multiple output dc–dc converter based on quasi two-stage architecture has been
proposed in this letter. By connecting the input and output of the dc-DCX in series, 20%–25%
ratio of the total input power is directly fed to the intermediate bus without conversion. Hence,
the devices’ voltage stresses and transformer turns ratio of the dc-DCX can be reduced and high
efficiency achieved for the front-end bus converter. By adopting the semi regulation control
scheme, optimized intermediate bus voltages are provided for the second-stage PoL converters
while considering the tradeoff between the efficiencies of the frontend converter and PoL
converters.

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ADVANTAGES:
 Less number of switches.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM:
BUFFER
circuit
5VDC
PIC controller
circuit
Gate driver circuit 12 V
DC
Output 1
Output 2
resonant
Circuit
Synchronous
rectifier
Centre
tapped
transformer
Full bridge
inverter
INPUT
DC supply

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TOOLS AND SOFTWARE USED:
 MPLAB – microcontroller programming.
 ORCAD – circuit layout.
 MATLAB/Simulink – Simulation

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APPLICATIONS:
 Aerospace and telecommunication applications.
 Satellite power system

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CONCLUSION:
A multiple output dc–dc converter based on quasi two-stage architecture has been
proposed in this letter. By connecting the input and output of the dc-DCX in series, 20%–25%
ratio of the total input power is directly fed to the intermediate bus without conversion. Hence,
the devices’ voltage stresses and transformer turns ratio of the dc-DCX can be reduced and high
efficiency achieved for the front-end bus converter. By adopting the semiregulation control
scheme, optimized intermediate bus voltages are provided for the second-stage PoL converters
while considering the tradeoff between the efficiencies of the frontend converter and PoL
converters. To improve the power density and reduce the cost, a hybrid center-tapped and full-
bridge rectifier has been proposed for the dual-output LLC resonant converter. Experimental
results on a 48–85 V input and three outputs (10 V/8A, 5 V/2A, and 3.3 V/2A) prototype indicate
that high efficiency within wide input voltage (voltage ranges _1:2) and load ranges has been
achieved with the proposed solution.

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REFERENCES:
[1] S. Luo and I. Batarseh, “A review of distributed power systems part I: DC distributed power
system,” IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag., vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 5–16, Aug. 2005.
[2] Z. Varadi, V. Gorocz, and J. Szabo, “Power subsystem for small satellites with unified
operational mode controller,” in Proc. 2nd IEEE Int. Conf. Space Technol., 2011, pp. 1–4.
[3] F.Musavi, M. Craciun, D. S. Gautam,W. Eberle, andW. G. Dunford, “An LLC resonant DC–
DC converter for wide output voltage range battery charging applications,” IEEE Trans. Power
Electron., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 5437–5445, Dec. 2013.
[4] K. Lee, F.C. Lee, J. Wei, and M. Xu, “Analysis and design of adaptive bus voltage
positioning system for two-stage voltage regulators,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no.
12, pp. 2735–2745, Dec. 2009.
[5] J. Y. Zhu and B. Lehman, “Control loop design for two-stage DC–DC converter with
lowvoltage/high current output,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 44–55, Jan.
2005

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A high step down multiple output converter with wide input voltage range based on quasi two-stage architecture and dual-output llc resonant converter

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A high step down multiple output converter with wide input voltage range based on quasi two-stage architecture and dual-output llc resonant converter