The document presents a multigene phylogeny of syngnathid fishes using molecular markers and increased taxon sampling to help resolve systematic relationships within the group. Results show two well-supported major clades, one containing seadragons and the other more diverse pipefishes and seahorses. Several genera were found to be paraphyletic based on the analysis. The study provides a new phylogenetic framework but notes some relationships require further investigation.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Myxozoans are the microscopic fish parasites having complex life cycle stages. Understanding the intrapiscine and intra oligochete developmental stages is necessary for knowing about this parasite and the disease caused by the myxozoan parasite in fish.
Microscopic animal
Microscopic Algae
Bacteria
Microfossil of uncertain effinities
Microfossil elements of smaller animal
Microfossil fragments of larger organism
Emerging Diversity Within Well-known Heterotrophic Flagellates Groups Reveal...Javier del Campo
During the last ten years, an overwhelming amount of data has been generated from culturing independent techniques to study the diversity of marine protists. These studies show a large diversity and the existence of new groups, such as for MAST (Marine Stramenopiles) or MALV (Marine Alveolates). However, a large part of these sequences has not been analysed together, and constitutes a potentially important source of information related with protists diversity and distribution. Using sequences from our studies and from GenBank and CAMERA, we have been able to define several novel clades in three important marine representative groups such are Choanoflagellates, Chrysophytes and Bicosecids. Most of the novel clades correspond to uncultured organisms. Analyzing all sequences together permits to observe this diversity, which was already presented by generally ignored. Only an important data mining work developed using GenBank allows this novel diversity hidden inside well know groups to emerge from the enormous sea of data generated.
Unicellular aquatic Eukaryota organism that do photosynthesize. Plant-like protist. This presentation provides a generalize idea of protist focusing specifically on some characteristics of protist as well as their division.
The word parasite is derived from the Latin meaning 'one who eats at the table of another'. parasitism, relationship between 2 species of plants or animals in which one benefits at the expense of the other, sometimes without killing the host organism.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Myxozoans are the microscopic fish parasites having complex life cycle stages. Understanding the intrapiscine and intra oligochete developmental stages is necessary for knowing about this parasite and the disease caused by the myxozoan parasite in fish.
Microscopic animal
Microscopic Algae
Bacteria
Microfossil of uncertain effinities
Microfossil elements of smaller animal
Microfossil fragments of larger organism
Emerging Diversity Within Well-known Heterotrophic Flagellates Groups Reveal...Javier del Campo
During the last ten years, an overwhelming amount of data has been generated from culturing independent techniques to study the diversity of marine protists. These studies show a large diversity and the existence of new groups, such as for MAST (Marine Stramenopiles) or MALV (Marine Alveolates). However, a large part of these sequences has not been analysed together, and constitutes a potentially important source of information related with protists diversity and distribution. Using sequences from our studies and from GenBank and CAMERA, we have been able to define several novel clades in three important marine representative groups such are Choanoflagellates, Chrysophytes and Bicosecids. Most of the novel clades correspond to uncultured organisms. Analyzing all sequences together permits to observe this diversity, which was already presented by generally ignored. Only an important data mining work developed using GenBank allows this novel diversity hidden inside well know groups to emerge from the enormous sea of data generated.
Unicellular aquatic Eukaryota organism that do photosynthesize. Plant-like protist. This presentation provides a generalize idea of protist focusing specifically on some characteristics of protist as well as their division.
The word parasite is derived from the Latin meaning 'one who eats at the table of another'. parasitism, relationship between 2 species of plants or animals in which one benefits at the expense of the other, sometimes without killing the host organism.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1. A Multigene Phylogeny of
Syngnathid Fishes
Healy Hamilton
California Academy
of Sciences
Norah Saarman
University of California,
David Harasti
Santa Cruz
Beth Moore, Graham Short, & W. Brian Simison
California Academy of Sciences
Martin Gomon
Museum Victoria
2. Acknowledgments
Dr. Jeff Leis and Mark McGrouther
Australian Museum
Dianne Bray, Museum Victoria
Ralph Foster, South Australian Museum
David Harasti, Dept. of Primary Industries, NSW
SEAHORSE
Clive Roberts, Carl Struthers
SLEUTH Museum of New Zealand, Te Papa, Tongarewa
Dr. David Neely, Dave Catania, Jens Vindum, Jim Evans
California Academy of Sciences
Dr. E. O. Wiley and Andy Bentley
National History Museum, The University of Kansas
Dr. Mark Erdmann, Conservation International
Dr. Gerry Allen, Western Australian Museum
Institute for Research & Development, New Caledonia
Pierre LaBoute, Noumea, New Caledonia
Dr. Robert Browne, Dr. David Muirhead, Kevin Smith
Inshore Fish Group
Dr. Theodore W. Pietsch and Katherine Pearson
University of Washington
3. Outline: A Multigene Phylogeny of Syngnathid Fishes
1. Introduction: why syngnathids?
2. Issues in current syngnathid taxonomy
3. Molecular approach to address syngnathid
systematics
4. Results: molecular phylogenetic Photos:
hypotheses, mapping of non-molecular David
Harasti
characters
5. Conclusions and next steps
4. Introduction: Why we study syngnathid fishes
• Syngnathid fishes: a
diverse, unique and IUCN Syngnathid listings
charismatic group DD VU EN CR
Seahors es 23 9 1
• over 50 genera and at Pipefishes 5 1
least 278 valid species of Seadragons 2
Pipehorses 5
pipefishes, seahorses, DD = Data Deficient
sea dragons, and VU = Vulnerable
EN = Endangered
pipehorses CR = Critically Endangered
Syngnathidae are characterized by:
unique gills
absence of pelvic fins
dermal plates in rings
unusual reproductive strategies, including sex role
reversal and male brooding, with complex and
varied brood-pouch morphology
15. The Problem: Systematic relationships unresolved
• Unresolved systematic relationships at multiple levels
• Generic and specific boundaries are often
uncertain
• evolutionary relationships at the species, genus
and subfamily level are largely unresolved
• order Gasterosteiformes / Syngnathiformes
debated
• many new species remain to be described
• Many genera are monotypic, yet no study has
measured their degree of evolutionary uniqueness
Conservation and management of syngnathids is
undermined by their challenging alpha
taxonomy and poorly resolved systematics
16. The problem
Only two recognized sub-families, the Hippocampinae and the Syngnathinae
(Paxton 1975)
(Whitley, 1952)
A. Hippocampinae: seahorses B. Syngnathinae: all others; is
paraphyletic and includes 54
includes only one genus with
genera and 233 valid species
38 - 50 species (debated) • Seadragons (Solegnathinae
• Tail-brooding Pipefishes
(original Syngnathinae)
• Abdominal-brooding Pipefishes
(Doryrhamphinae and Nerophinae)
• Pipehorses (originally included in
Hippocampinae)
17. Our Approach: Methods
Morphological characters have proven problematic
Molecular studies to date (Wilson et al., 2001 &
2003) suffer from limited taxon and molecular
character sampling. WE HAVE ADDED:
20 new genera
• Total of 59 taxa (37 genera)
4 new genetic markers, including 2 nuclear
fragments
• 6 markers total, ~4500 aligned bps
• Mitochondrial; CO1, ND1, 12s, 16s
• Nuclear; RP1 intron of S7, Myh 6
23. Results “Solegnathinae”: Sea Dragon clade
100
Prehensile tails
David Harasti Solegnathus
Sygnathoides Haliichthys taeniophorus
“Ribboned” sea dragon or pipefish
24. All photos
Results: Who is sister to seahorses? David Harasti
Prehensile tails
Haliichthys Filicampus Trachyramphus
25. Conclusions
• Our molecular phylogeny is in agreement with
Wilson(2003). Much revisionary work is needed
at multiple taxonomic levels.
• The division of syngnathids into sub-families
Syngnathinae and Hippocampinae is not
supported; Syngnathinae is paraphyletic
• Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic
analyses reproduce similar sets of clades, but
differ in resolution of their arrangement
• Multiple origins of characters such as prehensile
tails, freshwater habit, and fin presence/absence
• The seahorse's sister group is still unresolved
26. Future research in syngnathid systematics
• Further mapping of morphological characters
to elucidate their origins and patterns in
syngnathids
• Broader intraspecific geographic sampling
• Additional nuclear markers and increased
axon sampling (21 genera to go!)
These future steps will further advance a
sufficiently robust phylogeny to support
syngnathid taxonomy, systematics,
biogeography, and conservation.