1. ‫بهروز‬‫علم‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫گروه‬ ‫علمی‬ ‫هیأت‬ ‫عضو‬ ،‫شاهمرادی‬
‫کشور‬ ‫علمی‬ ‫سیاست‬ ‫تحقیقات‬ ‫مرکز‬

2. The 2018 Mercedes Benz S Class 550 has 20 million lines of software code in it – 14 million of
which are in the radio – making it the most sophisticated computing device that humans can
interact with daily.

3. what I mean by a data-driven economy
• The world’s biggest hotel company is Airbnb and they don’t own any
hotels.
• The world’s largest retailer is Alibaba and they don’t own any stores.
• The world’s largest car rental company is Uber and they don’t own
any cars.
So, what do these organizations own? They own data. Uber knows very
little about you. They know that you’re on a street corner and they
know you need to get from here to there; they know your credit card
number. In this new economic environment, with that very small
amount of data, Uber can build a multi billion dollar business.

4. • Rolls-Royce has pioneered a business model called
power-by-the-hour.
• Cummins Engine make diesel engines for
various large-work trucks

5. Data is the great creator and destroyer of all
business value going forward. The data that
comes from the device is far more important
in the new data driven economy than the old
economy based on making things.

6. ‫اقتصادها‬ ‫تا‬ ‫ها‬ ‫داده‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫اتم‬ ‫از‬
•‫معنا‬ ‫بی‬ ‫جسم‬
•‫تصورات‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫متبلور‬
•‫اطالعات‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫داده‬ ‫نمودن‬ ‫کمی‬
•‫شبکه‬ ‫ایجاد‬
•‫پیوند‬ ‫ایجاد‬

8. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY?

9. TECHNOLOGY IS CLASSIFIED AS:
Tools
Codified
• Blueprints, recipes

11. TECHNOLOGY IS CLASSIFIED AS:
Tools
Codified
• Blueprints, recipes
Knowhow (Tacit Knowledge)
• Speaking, Walking,…
• Learning by doing
• Hard to transfer
• It needs to be in brains

12. Imitation
and
Repetition

13. Who Knows More ?

14. An
Inuit

15. •‫دانش‬‫و‬‫مهارت‬‫موجود‬‫در‬‫مغز‬‫یک‬‫فرد‬‫به‬‫تنهایی‬‫نمی‬‫تواند‬
‫عامل‬‫تعیین‬‫کننده‬‫باشد‬‫بلکه‬‫تنوع‬‫دانش‬‫و‬‫مهارتها‬‫ی‬‫متفاوت‬
‫است‬‫که‬‫منجر‬‫به‬‫رشد‬‫و‬‫توسعه‬‫یافتگی‬‫کشورها‬‫می‬‫شود‬.
•‫بنابراین‬‫جامعه‬‫ای‬‫که‬‫انسان‬‫مدرن‬‫به‬‫آن‬‫تعلق‬‫دارد‬‫از‬
‫جامعه‬‫ای‬‫که‬‫اسکیمو‬‫در‬‫آن‬‫زندگی‬‫می‬‫کند‬‫بیشتر‬‫می‬‫داند‬.
Modern
Man?

16. Personbyte and Firmbyte Theory

23.  How do economies get more knowhow or more letters

30. PRODUCT SPACE OF IRAN IN 2014
 RCA>0/5 RCA>1

31. 1962 2014
SINGAPORE

32. 1962 2014
JAPAN

33. 1962 2014
KOREA

34. GERMANY USA

36. How does knowhow move?

38. How to measure
or
in a country?

39. ‫خاصی‬‫از‬‫قابلیت‬‫ها‬‫یا‬‫نفربایت‬‫ها‬
،‫باشد‬‫آنگاه‬‫می‬‫توان‬‫نتیجه‬‫گرفت‬‫که‬
‫کشورهایی‬‫که‬‫آن‬‫محصول‬‫را‬‫تولید‬‫می‬-
‫کنند‬‫قابلیت‬‫ها‬‫یا‬‫نفربایت‬‫های‬
‫مورد‬‫نیاز‬‫برای‬‫تولید‬‫آن‬‫را‬‫نیز‬

44. ECI of Selected Countries in 2014

45. ‫کشور‬
‫شده‬ ‫تولید‬ ‫محصوالت‬ ‫کل‬
‫سال‬ ‫از‬2005‫تا‬2014
‫درصد‬
‫درصد‬
‫تجمعی‬
‫ترکیه‬38351515
‫مصر‬26751126
‫لبنان‬26501136
‫اسرائیل‬24331146
‫پاکستان‬2203955
‫سوریه‬2097863
‫اردن‬2049871
‫گرجستان‬1112476
‫ازبکستان‬1075480
‫امارات‬1047484
‫قزاقستان‬779387
‫ایران‬671390
‫عمان‬655392
‫یمن‬526294
‫سعودی‬ ‫عربستان‬353196
‫آذربایجان‬336197
‫ترکمنستان‬289198
‫قطر‬231199
‫کویت‬1921100

46. ‫کشورهای‬ ‫صادراتی‬ ‫محصوالت‬ ‫فراگیری‬ ‫متوسط‬
‫منطقه‬(2005-2014)

48. ‫شاخص‬ ‫باالترین‬ ‫با‬ ‫ایران‬ ‫برتر‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫ده‬PCI‫؛‬14

49. ‫شاخص‬PCI‫صادرات‬ ‫حجم‬ ‫بیشترین‬ ‫با‬ ‫برتر‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫ده‬
‫ایران‬ ‫در‬ ‫دالری‬(2014)

50. ‫سال‬ ‫در‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫کشورهای‬ ‫فرصت‬ ‫ارزش‬
۲۰۱۴

51. THE BIRTH OF SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIES
NEW INDUSTRIES…
• A successful firm is established
• Employees learn from the firm
• Employees leave the firm to set up new firms
• Spin-offs are often much more successful than other firms…
• … and generate a new wave of spin-offs
= A CLUSTER OF HIGH PERFORMING FIRMS ARISE

52. • 1979: Desh sends 126 Bangladeshi workers for a 6 month
intensive training in Korea
• 1988: 56 spin-off companies by Dash workers have been
established
(Klepper and Mostafa, 2011)